目标：通过vmware虚拟机安装deepin 20.8，其中diska装系统，diskb和diskc做raid1镜像。
我的vmware版本是VMware® Workstation 16 Pro 16.2.3 build-19376536，操作系统选项没有deepin，我选择debian 10.x 64位。
根据本人笔记本电脑情况，我赋予虚拟机4线程4G内存，diaka容量60GB，diskb和dickc分别40GB
启动安装，选择第1项5.15内核，选择中文
diska的磁盘分区
选择手动安装/选择sda
（1）选择sda可用空间，挂载点中选择/boot，默认分区大小为1536M
（2）选择sda可用空间，文件系统中选择交换分区，设置大小为4096M
（3）选择sda可用空间，挂载点选择/（根分区），设置大小为sda的剩余部分。
点击下一步，选择继续安装。持续安装。。。
tshug@tshug-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 60 GiB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xabf7c327
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 3147776 3145729 1.5G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 3149824 11538432 8388609 4G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 11540480 125829118 114288639 54.5G 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x2a4ac06b
Disk /dev/sdc: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Disk model: VMware Virtual S
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x423548af
tshug@tshug-PC:~/Desktop$
sdb,sdc 是两个40GB大小的磁盘，需要做raid1镜像
tshug@tshug-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.38.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-83886079, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-83886079, default 83886079):
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 40 GiB.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
//////
tshug@tshug-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdc
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.38.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-83886079, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-83886079, default 83886079):
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 40 GiB.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
tshug@tshug-PC:~/Desktop$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdc
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.38.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-83886079, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-83886079, default 83886079):
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 40 GiB.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
创建阵列
mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
命令解释：
--create：创建阵列
--verbose：输入详细信息
/dev/md0：创建后的阵列的设备名
level：要创建的 RAID 的级别，这里使用模式 1
raid-devices：指定 RAID 副本的磁盘数。在这里指定了 2 ，意思是平时有两个磁盘在工作。
如果以后添加了第三块硬盘，那么第三块硬盘将作为备用磁盘。当工作中的两块磁盘有一块坏了，第三块将立刻启动，并将完好的一块的内容复制到新的盘中。
查看阵列是否创建成功
由于上面命令创建后的阵列设备名为：/dev/md0，所以直接使用 fdisk -l 命令查看即可。
创建文件系统并挂载
- sudo mkfs.ext4 -F /dev/md0
挂载存储到 /data 目录
- mount /dev/md0 /data
保存阵列布局
完成以上步骤后，将阵列保存下来，在下次启动的时候自动加载，
因此需要将阵列信息保存到 /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf 文件中。可以通过以下命令来自动扫描活动阵列并追加文件：
mdadm --detail --scan | sudo tee -a /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
更新初始RAM文件系统(initramfs)
update-initramfs -u
保存挂载信息，修改 /etc/fstab 文件
/dev/md0 /data ext4 defaults 0 0
启用ssh
sudo apt install openssh-server
sudo systemctl start ssh
sudo systemctl stop ssh
sudo systemctl enable ssh
everything is OK.
