TED Talk The Riddle of Experience vs. Memory 经验与记忆之谜 Speaker:Daniel Kahneman
Everybody talks about happiness these days. 最近大家都在谈论着快乐。
I had somebody count the number of books with "happiness" in the title published in the last five years. 我请人归纳了近5年来有多少本书的书名种提到了“快乐”。
And they gave up after about 40, and there were many more. 他们数到大概40本，还有更多的没有计算到的。
There is a huge wave of interest in happiness among researches. 研究者中掀起了快乐这个议题的研究热潮。
There is a lot of happiness coaching, everybody would like to make people happier. 有许多“快乐教练”，每个人都喜欢让人们更加快乐。
But in spite of all this flood of work, there are several cognitive traps that sort of make it almost impossible to think straight about happiness. 虽然此类工作多如牛毛，但是现在仍然存在几个认知陷阱，这些陷阱会增加人们领悟快乐本质的难度。
【词义】If someone can't think straight, they... are unable to consider things carefully or correctly.
And my talk today will be mostly about these cognitive traps. 我今天主要谈论这些认知陷阱。
【词义】In describing "three cognitive traps", the word "trap" refers to... a mistake that's difficult to avoid.
This applies to laypeople thinking about their own happiness, and it applies to scholars thinking about happiness, 这些陷阱既会影响外行对快乐的感受，也会影响学者对快乐的判断，
because it turns out we're just as messed up as anybody else is. 因为我们毫不例外地皆会出错。
【选择】-What is the subject of Kahneman's talk? -The mistakes people make when thinking about happiness.
【选择】-Who is the talk directed towards? -both ordinary people and experts in the field.
【看读】This applies to laypeople thinking about their own happiness, and it applies to scholars thinking about happiness, because it turns out we're just as messed up as anybody else is.
【第一个陷阱】The first of these traps is a reluctance to admit complexity. 第一个陷阱是不愿意去承认快乐的复杂性。 【词义】reluctance = unwillingness
【词汇对比】reluctance 不情愿 eagerness 渴望 indifference 漠不关心，不重视 impatience 急躁，无耐心 unwillingness 不愿意
It turns out that the word "happiness" is just not a useful word anymore, because we apply it to too many different things. 事实证明“快乐”这个词已经不是一个有用的词汇了，因为我们已经用它来诠释了太多不同的事务。
I think there is one particular meaning to which we might restrict it, but by and large, this is something that we'll have to give up and we'll have to adopt the more complicated view of what well-being is. 我认为我们需要通过一个特殊的途径来限制它的意思，不过一般而言，我们得放弃这个想法并用更加复杂的观点来定义什么是幸福快乐。
【第二个陷阱】The second trap is a confusion between experience and memory; 第二个陷阱是经验和记忆的混淆；
basically, it's between being happy in your life, and being happy about your life or happy with your life. 基本上，这介于生活中的快乐和生活很快乐以及对生活满意之间的差别。
And those are two different concepts, and they're both lumped in the notion of happiness. 这两者是完全不同的概念，且在论及快乐的时候会混为一谈。
【第三个陷阱】And the third is the focusing illusion. 第三个陷阱是聚焦错觉。
And it's the unfortunate fact that we can't think about any circumstance that affects well-being without distorting its importancde. 不幸的是，任何情况下，我们都不能在想到幸福快乐的情景的时候扭曲它的重要性。
I mean, this is a real cognitive trap. 我的意思是，这是一个真实的认知陷阱。
There's just no way of getting it right. 我们无法避开。
【跟读】Being happy in your life and being happy about your life are two very different concepts.
【看读】It's an unfortunate fact that we can't think about any circumstance that affects well-being without distorting its importancde.
