《独树一帜：法华彩瓷器》

Unique: fahua color porcelain

<朝代>：明代

The Ming Dynasty

<时间>：2020-5-8

< time >: May 8, 2020

<语言>：中英混合

< language >: a mixture of Chinese and English

珐华彩又称“法华”，是一种低温釉陶瓷，创于元代，盛于明代，至清代仍有少量烧制。珐华彩最早是在山西蒲州阳城、高平和晋城一代烧制，常见器型有花瓶、香炉和动物等。当时珐华彩器只是地方民窑的一个品种，所用胎体皆为陶胎，分为砂胎与缸胎两种，砂胎疏松，缸胎坚细。装饰手法是在修好的胎体上先雕刻花纹图案的轮廓浅条，再用毛笔蘸瓷浆在纹饰轮廓线中堆起凸起的线条，入高温烧成素胎，再在烧好的素胎上按花纹图案的需要，施以蓝、白、黄、紫、绿、孔雀蓝等彩釉，并二次入窑低温烧成。器型有瓶、罐、钵等;常见的纹饰有花鸟、云龙、人物等，色彩浓艳，纹饰具有立体感。山西所产珐华彩器烧制年代较早，传世的早期珐华彩器已少见。

Enamel, also known as "fahua", is a kind of low-temperature glaze ceramics, which was founded in the Yuan Dynasty and flourished in the Ming Dynasty. Enamel was first made in Yangcheng, Gaoping and Jincheng of Puzhou, Shanxi Province. There are vases, censers and animals. At that time, the enamel ware was only a kind of local folk kiln, and the carcasses used were all pottery carcasses, which were divided into two types: sand carcasses and cylinder carcasses. The sand carcasses were loose and the cylinder carcasses were firm and fine. The decoration method is to carve the outline of the pattern pattern on the repaired carcass first, and then dip the brush into the porcelain paste to pile up the raised lines in the outline of the pattern, and burn them into the plain tire at high temperature, and then apply the blue, white, yellow, purple, green, hole bird blue and other colored glazes on the burnt plain tire according to the pattern requirements, and burn them into the kiln at low temperature for the second time. There are bottles, pots, bowls and so on; the common patterns are flowers and birds, clouds and dragons, people and so on, with rich colors and a three-dimensional sense. Shanxi's Enamel wares were fired early, and the early ones handed down are rare.

　　明代晚期以后，江西景德镇仿制的较多，然而用的是瓷胎。法华彩瓷器造型庄重大方、色彩浓艳、立体感强，这是它的特点。法华器的器型以罐和瓶居多，人物造像有为出众-图案以人物和花鸟为主。

After the late Ming Dynasty, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province imitated many of them, but the porcelain body was used. Fahua color porcelain is characterized by its solemn and generous shape, rich color and strong three-dimensional sense. Most of the vessels of fahua ware are pots and bottles, and the figures are outstanding - the main patterns are figures, flowers and birds.

　　明代景德镇所产珐华彩与山西珐华彩在制作工艺上基本相似，在制作中由技术高超的工匠立粉填彩，因此景德镇珐华彩器艺术价值较高，较受藏家欢迎，特别是明早期至明晚期的珐华彩器。嘉靖朝珐华彩器也受到同期陶瓷纹饰的影响，多是一些含有道教意义的纹饰。

In the Ming Dynasty, Jingdezhen's enamel is basically similar to Shanxi's in terms of production technology. In the process of production, skilled craftsmen set up powder to fill the color. Therefore, Jingdezhen's enamel is of high artistic value and more popular with collectors, especially from the early Ming Dynasty to the late Ming Dynasty. During the Jiajing period, the enamel ware was also influenced by the ceramic patterns of the same period, most of which were of Taoist significance.

　　珐华彩器是由山西晋南地区所创烧的民窑器，在早期的产品中，山西珐华彩器较多。陶胎的珐华彩器，胎体不坚实，釉质附着力差，剥釉、磨损严重造成了山西珐华彩器传世品较少，且品相较差。山西产的珐华彩器只是民窑中的一个品种，受文化、地域因素影响，在制作中随意性较大，产量不多，没能形成较大的收藏体系。

Enamel ware is a kind of folk ware created and burned in Jinnan area of Shanxi Province. In the early products, there were many enamel ware in Shanxi Province. The porcelain body is not solid, the adhesion of enamel is poor, and the peeling and abrasion of enamel are serious, which results in less handed down products and poor product phase. Shanxi's enamel ware is only a kind of folk kiln. Influenced by cultural and regional factors, it is more random and less productive in the production, which fails to form a large collection system.

　　近几年，随着大规模的土地开发和高速公路建设，中国民间涌现出一批精美的元代法华彩瓷器流入市场。元代法华彩瓷器精品逐渐浮出水面，为人们对元代法华彩瓷器的认识提供了一个新的视界。如何认识中国元代瓷器存在的现状?如何界定元代瓷器的特征?如何深入了解元代文化的丰富多彩的内涵?如何在这一基础上进一步了解中国文化的精髓，从而扩大与世界其他文明的对话和交流?等等，就成了我们面临的重大任务。及时抢救和保护处于生存困境中的民间元瓷文化遗产，成为时代赋予我们的历史使命。

In recent years, with the large-scale land development and highway construction, a number of exquisite French and Chinese porcelain of Yuan Dynasty came into the market. The fine porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty gradually emerged, which provided a new vision for people's understanding of the porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty. How to understand the current situation of China's Yuan Dynasty porcelain? How to define the characteristics of Yuan Dynasty porcelain? How to deeply understand the rich and colorful connotation of Yuan Dynasty culture? How to further understand the essence of Chinese culture on this basis, so as to expand the dialogue and exchange with other civilizations in the world? And so on, have become major tasks we are facing. To save and protect the cultural heritage of folk meta porcelain in time has become our historical mission.

　　据了解瓷器拍卖市场，也是出于持续增值当中，去年三月春拍中国大藏家出手阔绰的表现，简直让已经在纽约开拍的佳士得拍卖行们赶到幸福来得太突然。对于深圳国枰、佳士得、保利等在香港举行艺术品春拍的机构来说，突如其来的高成交，让原本的担心消失无踪。其特殊的装潢效果和独特的地方特色，成为中华陶瓷史上的一朵绚丽奇葩，其稀有程度及收藏价值也是不可估量的，在各大拍场上也是十分罕见,极具收藏价值。

It is understood that the porcelain auction market is also out of continuous appreciation. Last March's auction of Chinese collectors' extravagant performance made Christie's auction houses, which have already started in New York, rush to happiness too suddenly. For Shenzhen Guolian, Christie's, poly and other institutions that hold art Spring Festival photos in Hong Kong, the sudden high turnover makes the original worry disappear. With its special decoration effect and unique local characteristics, it has become a gorgeous and wonderful flower in the history of Chinese ceramics. Its rarity and collection value are also immeasurable. It is also very rare and has great collection value in various shooting fields.

此件藏品为弘治年制《黄地珐华彩凤尾瓶》，国枰拍卖近日有幸征集到的精品陶瓷之一，将于2020春季拍卖会——厦门站进行精品推荐，有意向的买家可留言咨询或前往厦门瑞颐大酒店进行预览，获取藏品最新动态。