【学习笔记】懂你英语 商务英语 Level 6 Unit 2 Part 4（I）词汇 Leadership Styles

A person's leadership styple shows how they use power to lead other people.

Since certain leadership styles will be more successful in certain situations, there is not a perfect style that fits into everty business.

A leader is often required to adapt their leadership style according to different situations. 【填空】  领导者经常需要根据不同的情况调整自己的领导风格。

authoritative  adj. 有权威的；命令式的；当局的

Authoritative leaders take full control of all activities and decisions on a team.

They set clear directions for how work should be done and provide frequent and detailed feedback.

An authoritative leadership style is effective when control is necessary, such as when there is little room for error.  【跟读】

But if a leader is working with a very experienced team, this leadership style can seem egotistical.  但是，如果一个领导者是在一个非常有经验的团队中工作，这种领导风格可能会显得自私。

democratic  adj. 民主的；民主政治的；大众的

Democratic leaders encourage their team to participate in the decision-making processes.  民主领导人鼓励他们的团队参与决策过程。

They are open to ideas from team members, which helps to motivate the team.

This leadership style is effective when a team needs to come up with creative solutions to problems.

However, it may not work well in emergencies or when team members are not competent enough to contribute.  然而，在紧急情况下或当团队成员没有足够的能力做出贡献时，就不是很有效了。

【选择】-In what situation is authoritative leadership style not effective?   -When a team is high experienced.

【选择】When a team isn't experienced enough to contribute, it's better to avoid being too...    democratic.

【填空】To succeed as an authoritative leader, one needs to be visionary and able to resolve conflicts quickly.

【填空】Most people prefer to work with a democtratic leader who encourages teamwork and cooperation.  大多数人喜欢和一个鼓励团队合作的民主领袖一起工作。

【跟读】A leader is often required to adapt their leadership style according to situation. 

【跟读】A democratic style may be in practical when a quick solution is needed.

pacesetting   adj. 定速度的；带头的

Pacesetting leaders set high performance standards for themselves and their staff.  领跑型领导为自己和员工设定高绩效标准。

They pursue high work efficiency and are willing to replace whoever doesn't meet their standards.

A pacesetting style can be effective when a team is already motivated and skilled and when a leader needs quick results.

However, if the standards set by a leader are too high, employees could easily feel stressed and demoralized.

affiliative  有亲和力的

Affiliative leaders regularly encourage their team and like to nurture a sense of belonging in an organization.  亲和型领导经常鼓励他们的团队，喜欢在组织中培养归属感。

They help strengthen emotional bonds among team members, which creates a positive atmosphere.  他们帮助加强团队成员之间的情感纽带，从而创造积极的氛围。

Therefore, an affiliative style is effective when team morale is low and needs to be improved.  【跟读】  因此，当团队士气低落，需要改进时，从属风格是有效的。

However, a leader should not always use this style because it can create a culture where poor performance will be tolerated.  然而，领导者不应该总是使用这种风格，因为它会创造一种容忍糟糕表现的文化。

【选择】It's advisable for a leader to adopt a pacesetting style when...   there's a need for quick results.

【选择】-What's the advantage of adopting an affiliated leadership style?  -It creates a sense of belonging with a team.

【选择】-What kind of leaders tend to closely supervise their employees' work?  -Authoritative

【选择】-What kind of leadership style is the most effective when there's a need of quick results?   -Pacesetting

【填空】A pacesetting leader puts heavy pressure on team members, which may even affect their physical health.

【填空】Affiliative leaders like to seek an amicable resolution to tense or difficult situations.

【跟读】Pacesetting leaders are willing to replace whoever doesn't meet their standards.