当复数可数名词作主语时,动词要用复数形式(即动词原形,不加 -s)。
这是英语 主谓一致(Subject-Verb Agreement) 的基本规则之一。
✅ 核心规则:
复数主语 → 动词用原形(复数形式)
(在一般现在时中)
🔹 一、什么是“复数可数名词”?
指可以计数、且表示多个的名词,例如:
books, cars, children, students, apples, ideas, dogs...
它们有明显的复数形式(通常 +s / +es 或不规则变化)。
🔹 二、动词如何配合?
📌 在 一般现在时 中:
主语类型 动词形式 例句
单数主语
(he / she / it / a book) 动词 + s / es She reads every day.
The dog barks.
复数主语
(they / we / books / students) 动词原形(无 -s) They read every day.
The dogs bark.
Students study hard.
✅ 正确例句:
Books are on the table.(✅ 复数主语 + 复数动词)
My friends live in London.(✅)
The children play outside.(✅)
❌ 常见错误:
Books is on the table.(❌ is 是单数)
My friends lives in London.(❌ lives 是单数)
The children plays outside.(❌ plays 是单数)
💡 记住:复数主语 ≠ 动词加 -s!
恰恰相反:只有单数第三人称才加 -s。
🔹 三、其他时态中的表现
虽然“加 -s”只出现在一般现在时,但主谓一致在所有时态都存在:
时态 单数主语 复数主语
一般现在 He likes coffee. They like coffee.
一般过去 She went home. They went home.(过去式无变化)
现在完成 He has eaten. They have eaten.(助动词 has → have)
将来时 She will go. They will go.(will 后 always 用原形)
进行时 He is reading. They are reading.(be 动词:is → are)
👉 关键:助动词或 be 动词要与主语数一致。
🔹 四、易错情况提醒
1. 主语看似单数,实为复数
The police are investigating.(police 总是复数)
My glasses are broken.(glasses = 眼镜,复数)
2. 主语带修饰语,核心仍是复数
Some of the students are absent.(核心:students → 复数)
Many people in the room know the answer.(核心:people → 复数)
3. 集体名词(如 family, team)
英式英语:可单可复(看作整体 or 成员)
The team are arguing.(成员在争论)
美式英语:通常用单数
The team is winning.
但明确复数名词(如 students, cats, ideas)永远用复数动词!
✅ 五、总结口诀
主语若是复数人/物,
动词原形别加 s;
be 动词用 are / were,
have 莫写成 has!
✅ 六、小测试(判断正误)
Apples is delicious. → ❌(应为 are)
The boys play football every weekend. → ✅
My parents works in a hospital. → ❌(应为 work)
These data show a clear trend. → ✅(data 作复数时,动词用 show)
💡 注:data 是 datum 的复数,现代英语中常作不可数,但在学术写作中仍常用作复数。
当不可数名词(uncountable noun)作主语时,动词一律用单数形式。
这是英语 主谓一致(Subject-Verb Agreement) 的核心规则之一。
✅ 一、基本规则
不可数名词 = 单数概念 → 谓语动词用单数
无论这个不可数名词看起来多“大”或多“抽象”,它在语法上始终是单数。
🔹 二、为什么?—— 不可数名词的本质
不可数名词表示:
物质(water, rice, gold)
抽象概念(love, information, advice)
集合/总称(furniture, luggage, homework)
它们不能被分成独立的个体,因此被视为一个整体 → 单数。
🔹 三、动词变化示例(各时态)
📌 1. 一般现在时
主语(不可数) 动词(单数) 例句
Water is / flows Water is essential for life.
Oil flows slowly.
Advice is / helps His advice is very helpful.
Good advice helps a lot.
Information is / comes The information is accurate.
New data comes in daily.
❌ 错误:
The news are good.
Homework are difficult.
✅ 正确:
The news is good.(news 是不可数!)
Homework is difficult.
💡 特别注意:news 看起来像复数,但它是不可数名词,永远搭配单数动词!
📌 2. 其他时态中的动词配合
时态 结构 例句
一般过去时 was / V-ed The milk was sour.
Her courage saved him.
现在完成时 has + 过去分词 The water has boiled.
His patience has run out.
将来时 will + 原形 Time will tell.
Money will solve nothing.
进行时 is + V-ing The soup is cooking.
Progress is being made.
👉 关键:助动词或 be 动词必须用单数形式(is, was, has),而不是 are, were, have。
🔹 四、高频不可数名词清单(作主语时动词用单数)
名词 中文 例句
water 水 Water covers 70% of Earth.
rice 米饭 Rice is a staple food in Asia.
bread 面包 Bread goes stale quickly.
information 信息 This information is confidential.
advice 建议 Her advice is always wise.
news 新闻 The news is on at 6 p.m.
furniture 家具 The furniture looks old.
luggage 行李 Your luggage is here.
homework 家庭作业 Homework takes time.
money 钱 Money doesn’t grow on trees.
time 时间 Time flies.
work 工作 Hard work pays off.
weather 天气 The weather is nice today.
music 音乐 Music calms me.
🔹 五、常见错误 & 易混点
❌ 错误 1:把不可数名词当复数
These informations are useful.
✅ This information is useful.
My luggages are heavy.
✅ My luggage is heavy.
(如需复数,说:pieces of luggage)
❌ 错误 2:被“-s”结尾迷惑
news(新闻)→ 不可数 → The news is...
mathematics / physics / politics → 形式带 -s,但通常作单数:
Mathematics is my favorite subject.
Politics is complicated.
⚠️ 例外:有些 -ics 学科在指“具体活动”时可用复数:
His politics are conservative.(他的政治观点)
❌ 错误 3:集体不可数名词误加复数动词
Furniture are expensive.
✅ Furniture is expensive.
✅ 六、特殊情况:不可数名词 + 量词
即使加了量词,真正主语仍是不可数名词,但有时量词本身成为主语:
句子 主语是谁? 动词形式
A lot of water is wasted. water(不可数) is(单数)
Lots of people are here. people(可数复数) are(复数)
Some of the advice is good. advice(不可数) is
Some of the books are missing. books(可数复数) are
👉 判断关键:看 of 后面的名词是可数还是不可数!
✅ 七、总结口诀
不可数名无复数,
动词永远用单数;
news, advice, information,
is 莫写成 are!
复数可数名词作主语 和 不可数名词做主语 动词变化
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平台声明:文章内容(如有图片或视频亦包括在内)由作者上传并发布,文章内容仅代表作者本人观点,简书系信息发布平台,仅提供信息存储服务。
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