2011 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）

第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

                                                                      A

Passage 1

The information Highway is the road that links computer users to a large number of on-line services; the Web ,e-mail, and software, to mention just a few. Not long ago, the Information Highway was a new road, with not many users. Now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide. Not surprisingly, this well-traveled highway is starting to look like a well-traveled highway. Traffic jams can cause many serious problems, forcing the system to close down for repair. Naturally, accidents will happen on such a crowed road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever. Then, of course, there’s Mr. Cool, with his new broad-band connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go. But don’t trick yourself; he pays for that speeding.

Passage 2

Want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it? Doctor Herman Friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday. Friedman studied environmental science at three well-known universities around the world before becoming a professor in the subject. He has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns. The gradual bleaching (变白) of the Grate Barrier Reef, which came into the public eye in 2002,in his latest interest. Signed copies of his colorful book, which was published just last month, will be on sale after his talk.

56．The Information Highway ________.

A．is free from traffic accidents

B．is crowded with car drivers

C．offers just a few on-line services

D．appeals to a large number of users

57．How does Mr. Cool manage to travel the Information Highway so fast?

A．By storing fewer files.

B．By repairing the system.

C．By buying a better computer.

D．By using a broad-band connection.

58．What can be learned from Passenger 2?

A．There will be a book show at Grayson Hall

B．Friedman is now studying the Great Barrier Reef.

C．There will be a talk on global warming this week.

D．Friedman is a leading expert on computer science.

59．Passenger 2 is most probably .

A．a poster about a lecture

B．an ad for a new book

C．a note to a doctor in a university

D．an introduction to a professor

                                                                              B

Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources（来源）, as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills（风车）began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

For many centuries, people used windmills to grind（磨碎）wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.

During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher coasts. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

60．From the text we know that windmills ________.

A．were invented by European armies

B．have a history of more than 2,800 years

C．used to supply power to radio in remote areas

D．have rarely been used since electricity was discovered61．What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?

A．Sailing a boat.

B．Producing electricity.

C．Grinding wheat into flour.

D．Pumping water from underground.

62．One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that _______.

A．wind power is cleaner

B．it is one of the oldest power sources

C．it was cheaper to create energy from wind

D．the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

63．What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A．The advantages of wind power.

B．The design of wind power plants.

C．The worldwide movement to save energy.

D．The global trend towards producing power from wind.

                                                                              C

They are the sort of friends who are so close they trust each other with their lives. If one falls the other is there to catch him.

They are Wellman, whose legs were permanently injured nine years ago in a rock-climbing accident. and Corbett, an experienced rock climber. Together, they climbed up Half Dome, the famous 2,000-foot rock in the Yosemite National Park, through one of the most difficult routes.(路线)

During the climb, Corbett took the lead, hit in the metal spikes（尖状物） that guided the ropes and climbed up. Then, after Wellman pulled himself up the rope, Corbett went down to remove the spikes and climbed up again. This process was repeated time and again, inch by inch, for 13 days.

Wellman’s job was not easy either. He got himself up the rope through upper body strength alone. In all, Wellman figured that he had done 5,000 pullups up the rope on the climb.

However, when the two men first met, they never talked about climbing.“he knew that was how I got injured.” Wellman said. Until one day Wellman decided that he wanted to climb again and they started training.

Their climb of Half Dome was not all smooth. At one point, pieces of rock gave way, and Corbett dropped down quickly. Wellman locked their rope in place, stopping the fall at 20 feet. His quick action probably saved his friend’s life.

“Your partner can save your life --- you can save your partner’s life,”Wellman said as the pair received congratulations from friends. “There are real close ties.”

64．Which of the following was a challenge for Corbett in climbing Half Dome?

A．To climb up to remove the spikes.

B．To climb it twice.

C．To do 5,000 pull-ups up the rope.

D．To lock the rope in place.

65．Why did the two men never talk about climbing when they first met?

A．Corbett was poorly trained.

B．Wellman had lost interest in climbing.

C．Corbett didn’t want to hurt Wellman.

D．Wellman hadn’t decided whether to climb again.

66．What do we know about Wellman?

A．He climbed Half Dome by himself.

B．He was disabled in a traffic accident.

C．He stopped rock-climbing for some time.

D．He was saved by Corbett during the climb.

67．The main idea of the text is that______.

A．two heads are better than one

B．friendship is precious in life

C．the disabled should never give up

D．a man can be destroyed but cannot be defeated

                                                                      D

Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer(征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.

In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work , forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.

For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.

Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are movingto the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.

The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly, Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were“the greatest talkers since the Greeks”, Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.

68．What does the author tell us in paragraph 1?

A．How the Irish fought against the English.

B．How Ireland gained independence.

C．How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.

D．How two ”Irelands” came into being.

69．We learn from the text that in Ireland_____.

A．food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population

B．people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside

C．it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker

D．different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments

70．The last paragraph is mainly about____.

A．the Irish character

B．Irish culture

C．Irish musical instruments

D．a famous Irish writer

71．What can be the best title for the text?

A．Life in Ireland

B．A Very Difficult History

C．Ireland, Past and Present

D．The Independence of Ireland

                                                                          E

George Prochnik would like would to put a sock in it. He makes his case in a new book, listening for Meaning in a World of Noise, Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice):

“We’ve become so accustomed to noise, there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. But it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”

“We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if youmerely quiet things down a little. During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono （和服）brushing against the floor.”

“Deaf people are very attentive（专注的）in almost every aspect of life. If two deaf people are walking together, using sign language, they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts（一阵阵）of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking（开裂声）. It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”

72．What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．to be quiet

B．to be colorful

C．to be full of love

D．to be attentive to someone

73．What does Prochnik say about us?

A．We are used to quietness.

B．We have to put up with noise.

C．We do not think silence to be beneficial.

D．We do not believe lasting peace to be available.

74．Which of the following is true according to Prochnik?

A．We need more sounds in our lives.

B．There is nothing to be learned from the deaf.

C．We are not aware how rich the world around us is.

D．There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony.

75．It can be inferred from the text that .

A．we can benefit a lot from old people B．it is a good idea to use sign language

C．there is no escape from the world of sound

D．it is possible to find how beautiful things sound

参考答案：

56—60 DDBAC 61—65 BADBC 66—70 CBDAB 71—75 CACCD