题目英文描述:
Given two binary trees, write a function to check if they are the same or not.
Two binary trees are considered the same if they are structurally identical and the nodes have the same value.
题目中文描述:
给定两个二叉树,编写一个函数来检验它们是否相同。
如果两个树在结构上相同,并且节点具有相同的值,则认为它们是相同的。
代码(非递归方法)(代码相比递归过长,效率差不多,因此不建议)
(可用层次遍历,即广度优先遍历):
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
bool isSameTree(TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
if((p == nullptr && q != nullptr) || (q == nullptr && p != nullptr)) return false;
stack<TreeNode*> s1, s2;
while((p != nullptr || !s1.empty()) && (q != nullptr || !s2.empty())) {
if(p != nullptr && q != nullptr) {
if(p->val != q->val) return false;
s1.push(p), s2.push(q);
p = p->left, q = q->left;
}
else if(p == nullptr && q == nullptr) {
p = s1.top(), q = s2.top();
p = p->right, q = q->right;
s1.pop(), s2.pop();
}
else return false;
}
return true;
}
};
代码(递归)(即深度优先遍历):
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
bool isSameTree(TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
if(!p && !q) return true;
if(!p || !q) return false;
return (p->val == q->val)
&& (isSameTree(p->left, q->left))
&& (isSameTree(p->right, q->right));
}
};
PS:第一种方法是先序遍历,可以将null当成叶结点来判断null的父结点是否为实际的叶结点,而不是用left和right是否为空来判断,后者代码会在右子结点为空时弹栈返回到父节点时陷入无限循环。