Netty读书笔记:netty实现WebSocket服务(web's IM)

目录

  • [HttpRequsetHandler][1] - 管理HTTP请求和响应
  • TextWebSocketFrameHandler[2] - 处理聊天的WebSocket帧
  • ChatForWebSocketServerInitailizer [3] - 初始化PipelineChannel
  • ChatWebSocketServer[4]-启动程序
  • 增加SSL- SecurityChatWebSocketServerInitailizer [5]
  • 增加SSL- SecurityChatWebSocketServer[6]

HttpRequsetHandler

import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.*;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;
import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedNioFile;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.net.URL;

public class HttpRequsetHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<FullHttpRequest> {
    private final String wsUri;
    private static File INDEX;
    static{
        URL location = HttpRequsetHandler.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation();
        try{
            String path = location.toURI() + "index.html";
            path = !path.contains("file:")?path:path.substring(5);
            INDEX = new File(path);
        }catch (URISyntaxException e){
            e.printStackTrace();;
        }
    }

    public HttpRequsetHandler(String wsUri) {
        this.wsUri = wsUri;
    }

    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest request) throws Exception {
        if (wsUri.equalsIgnoreCase(request.getUri())){
            //如果请求了websocket协议升级,则增加引用计数(调用retain()方法),并传给下一个ChannelInboundHandler
            ctx.fireChannelRead(request.retain());
        }else{
            if (HttpHeaders.is100ContinueExpected(request)){ //读取is100ContinueExpected请求,符合http1.1版本
                send100Continue(ctx);
            }
            RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(INDEX,"r");
            HttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
                    request.getProtocolVersion(), HttpResponseStatus.OK
            );
            response.headers().set(
                    HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_TYPE,"text/html;charset=UTF-8"
            );
            boolean keepAlive = HttpHeaders.isKeepAlive(request);
            if (keepAlive){ //如果请求了keep-alive,则添加所需要的HTTP头信息
                response.headers().set(
                        HttpHeaders.Names.CONTENT_LENGTH,file.length()
                );
                response.headers().set(
                        HttpHeaders.Names.CONNECTION,HttpHeaders.Values.KEEP_ALIVE
                );
            }
            ctx.write(response);//将httpresponse写入到客户端
            if (ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class)==null){//将index.html写到客户端
                ctx.write(new DefaultFileRegion(file.getChannel(),0,file.length()));
            }else{
                ctx.write(new ChunkedNioFile(file.getChannel()));
            }

            ChannelFuture future = ctx.writeAndFlush(LastHttpContent.EMPTY_LAST_CONTENT);
            if (!keepAlive){
                future.addListener(
                        ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE
                );
            }
        }
    }

    private void send100Continue(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        FullHttpResponse response = new DefaultFullHttpResponse(
                HttpVersion.HTTP_1_0,HttpResponseStatus.CONTINUE
        );

        ctx.writeAndFlush(response);
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,Throwable cause){
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }
}

TextWebSocketFrameHandler-处理聊天的WebSocket帧


public class TextWebSocketFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
    private final ChannelGroup group;
    public TextWebSocketFrameHandler(ChannelGroup group) {
        this.group = group;
    }
    @Override
    public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
        if (evt== WebSocketServerProtocolHandler.ServerHandshakeStateEvent.HANDSHAKE_COMPLETE){
            //握手成功,则从该ChannelPipeline移出HttpRequsetHandler,因为它将接收不到任何消息了
            ctx.pipeline().remove(HttpRequsetHandler.class);//
            //通知所有已连接的WebSocket客户端,新客户端已上线
            group.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("CLient "+ctx.channel()) +"joined");
            group.add(ctx.channel());
        }else{
            super.userEventTriggered(ctx,evt);
        }
    }
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
        group.writeAndFlush(msg.retain());//增加消息的引用计数,并将它写到ChannelGroup中所有已连接的客户端
    }
}

初始化PipelineChannel

public class ChatForWebSocketServerInitailizer extends ChannelInitializer<Channel> {
    private final ChannelGroup group;

    public ChatForWebSocketServerInitailizer(ChannelGroup congrouptext) {
        this.group = congrouptext;
    }

    @Override
    protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();

        pipeline.addLast(
                new HttpServerCodec(), //字节解码为httpreqeust,httpcontent,last-httpcontent
                new ChunkedWriteHandler(),//写入一个文本
                new HttpObjectAggregator(64*1024), //HttpMessage与多个HttpConent聚合
                new HttpRequsetHandler("/ws"), //处理FullJttpRequest——不往/ws上发的请求
                new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/ws"), //处理websocket升级握手、PingWebSocketFrame、PongWebSocketFrame、CloseWebSocketFrame
                new TextWebSocketFrameHandler(group), //处理TextWebSocketFrameHandler和握手完成事件,如握手成功,则所需要的Handler将会被添加到ChannelPipeline,不需要的则会移除              
        );//如果请求端是websocket则升级该握手
    }
}

ChatWebSocketServer-启动程序

public class ChatWebSocketServer {
    //创建DefaultChannelGroup,将其保存为所有已经连接的WebSocket Channel
    private final ChannelGroup channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(ImmediateEventExecutor.INSTANCE);

    private final EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
    private Channel channel;

    public ChannelFuture start(InetSocketAddress address){
        ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
        bootstrap.group(group)
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                .childHandler(createInitializer(channelGroup));
        ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(address);
        future.syncUninterruptibly();
        channel = future.channel();
        return future;
    }

    protected ChannelHandler createInitializer(ChannelGroup channelGroup) {
        return new ChatWebSocketServerInitailizer(channelGroup);
    }


    public void destory(){
        if (channel!=null){
            channel.close();
        }
        channelGroup.close();
        group.shutdownGracefully();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        if (args.length!=1){
            System.out.print("Please give port as argument!");
            System.exit(1);
        }

        int port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
        final ChatWebSocketServer endpoint = new ChatWebSocketServer();
        ChannelFuture future = endpoint.start(new InetSocketAddress(port));
        Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run(){
                endpoint.destory();
            }
        });

        future.channel().closeFuture().syncUninterruptibly();
    }
}

加密

SecurityChatWebSocketServerInitailizer

public class SecurityChatWebSocketServerInitailizer extends ChatWebSocketServerInitailizer {
    private final SslContext context;
    public SecurityChatWebSocketServerInitailizer(ChannelGroup congrouptext, SslContext context) {
        super(congrouptext);
        this.context = context;
    }

    @Override
    protected  void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception{
        super.initChannel(ch);

        SSLEngine engine = context.newEngine(ch.alloc());
        engine.setUseClientMode(false);

        ch.pipeline().addFirst(new SslHandler(engine)); //将SslHandler添加到ChannelPipeline中
    }
}

启动程序 - SecurityChatWebSocketServer

public class SecurityChatWebSocketServer extends ChatWebSocketServer{
    private final SslContext context;
    public SecurityChatWebSocketServer(SslContext context) {
        this.context = context;
    }

    public ChannelFuture start(InetSocketAddress address){
        ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
        bootstrap.group(group)
                .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                .childHandler(createInitializer(channelGroup));
        ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(address);
        future.syncUninterruptibly();
        channel = future.channel();
        return future;
    }

    protected ChannelHandler createInitializer(ChannelGroup channelGroup) {
        //return new ChatWebSocketServerInitailizer(channelGroup);
        return new SecurityChatWebSocketServerInitailizer(channelGroup,context);
    }


    public void destory(){
        if (channel!=null){
            channel.close();
        }
        channelGroup.close();
        group.shutdownGracefully();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SSLException, CertificateException {
        if (args.length!=1){
            System.out.print("Please give port as argument!");
            System.exit(1);
        }


        int port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
        SelfSignedCertificate cert = new SelfSignedCertificate();
        SslContext context = SslContext.newServerContext(cert.certificate(),cert.privateKey());
        final SecurityChatWebSocketServer endpoint = new SecurityChatWebSocketServer(context);
        ChannelFuture future = endpoint.start(new InetSocketAddress(port));
        Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run(){
                endpoint.destory();
            }
        });

        future.channel().closeFuture().syncUninterruptibly();
    }
}

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