安装：

pip install Pillow
pip install ImageHash

创建索引库：

def createDatabase(path):
    db = shelve.open(dataPath, writeback=True)
    pool = glob.glob(path+'*.jpg')+glob.glob(path+'*.png')
    for index, imagePath in enumerate(pool):
        image = Image.open(imagePath)
        h = str(imagehash.dhash(image))
        filename = imagePath[imagePath.rfind('/')+1:]
        try:
            findFiles = db[h]
        except:
            findFiles = None
        if findFiles!=None:
            continue
        else:
            image = Image.open(imagePath)
            image.show()
            db[h] = db.get(h,[])+[filename]
            print(index)
    db.close()

查相同图片：

def checkSame(path):
    db = shelve.open(dataPath, writeback=False)
    pool = glob.glob(path+'*.jpg')+glob.glob(path+'*.png')
    for index, imagePath in enumerate(pool):
        query = Image.open(imagePath)
        h = str(imagehash.dhash(query))
        filename = imagePath[imagePath.rfind('/')+1:]
        if db[h]:
            image = Image.open(imagePath)
            image.show()
            image = Image.open(imgPath+val[0])
            image.show()
    db.close()

查相似：

相似度查询：1 - (hash1 - hash2)/len(hash1.hash)**2，当两个图片越相似，此公式得到的值越趋近于0

def checkSimilar(path):
    db = shelve.open(dataPath, writeback=False)
    pool = glob.glob(path+'*.jpg')+glob.glob(path+'*.png')
    for index, imagePath in enumerate(pool):
        query = Image.open(imagePath)
        h = str(imagehash.dhash(query))
        filename = imagePath[imagePath.rfind('/')+1:]
        for key,val in db.items():
            h1 = imagehash.hex_to_hash(key)
            h2 = imagehash.hex_to_hash(h)
            similar = (h1 - h2)/len(h1.hash)**2
            if similar<.1 and val[0]!=filename:
                image = Image.open(imagePath)
                image.show()
                image = Image.open(imgPath+val[0])
                image.show()
    db.close()

参考：
shelve ，image hash ，blog