New diet trend: autophagy and ageing
① Few would turn down the chance to live longer, and ideas range from starvation diets to blood transfusions from the young.
② A paper published in Nature this week looks at autophagy (Greek for "self-eating"), the process by which cells break down and recycle parts for re-use.
③ Researchers found that mice engineered to have higher levels of beclin-1, an autophagy-associated protein, lived about 10% longer than unmodified cousins.
④ They were healthier, too, suffering fewer cancers and less heart and kidney damage.
⑤ The finding joins mounting evidence that autophagy is important in hindering ageing, though the mechanism remains unclear.
⑥ (One theory is that it recycles worn-out cellular components whose operation generates highly reactive free radicals—chemicals that play havoc with all sorts of cellular processes.)
⑦ The protein in question might one day make a target for drug development.
⑧ However, as with all drugs, the treatment will be in the dose—too much autophagy is as bad as too little.
参考资料：
https://huanqiukexue.com/a/qianyan/shengwu__yixue/2015/1120/25791.html
▍生词好句
autophagy /ɔ:ˈtɒfədʒi/: n.（细胞的）自体吞噬
turn down: 拒绝
range from A to B: 从 A 到 B（内容很丰富、什么都有）
starvation diet: 饥饿疗法；饥饿式节食减肥
blood transfusion /ˌtransˈfjʊ:ʒ(ə)n/: 输血
look at: 探讨
engineered /ˌɛndʒɪˈnɪəd/: adj. 被基因工程改编的
beclin-1: 细胞分化、凋亡和自噬过程中起重要作用的多功能蛋白
autophagy-associated protein /ˈprəʊti:n/: 参与自噬的蛋白
unmodified /ʌnˈmɒdɪfʌɪd/: adj. 未被改编的；未被修改的
mounting /ˈmaʊntɪŋ/: adj. 越来越多的
join mounting evidence: 在逐渐增加的证据上又添了一笔
hinder ageing /ˈhɪndə/: 抗衰老
generate /ˈdʒɛnəreɪt/: vt. 制造；生成
free radical: 自由基；游离基
play havoc with: 对……有（不好的）影响
sth. in question: 正被讨论的……
make sth.: 成为……
in the dose /dəʊs/: 剂量问题
▍补充例句
1. range from A to B
Our courses range from fashion to philosophy, and from literature to business.
2. look at
This movie looks at some social issues.
3. mounting
① They faced mounting debts.
② There was mounting pressure on him to resign.
4. play havoc with
Rain has continued to play havoc with sporting events.
5. make
One day, you'll make a fabulous scientist.
6. in the dose
Every chemical has toxicity, but it's all in the dose.
