[TOC]
编码报错
在python2.7下,将字符串写入到文件时会出现"UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xa0' in position"的错误,原因是由于python基于ASCII处理字符的,当出现不属于ASCII的字符时,会出现错误信息。
解决方案:
指定文件字符集为utf-8即可,在文件头部加入以下代码:
import sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
编码错误
数据导入pg,提示编码错误,通常是在开头加一句
import sys
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
然而,没用
对要处理的字符串增加如下代码,有效
astring = astring.decode('utf8', "ignore")
astring = area_id.encode('utf8')
安装pyv8
从https://github.com/emmetio/pyv8-binaries下载对应的系统和版本的安装包
解压,并拷贝到对应目录,如:
sudo mv ./* /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
重启当前的python ide即可
安装cffi报错
cffi依赖一个开发库,安装一下就可以了
sudo apt-get install libffi-dev
用sqlite,插入字符串报错
ProgrammingError: You must not use 8-bit bytestrings unless you use a text_factory that can interpret 8-bit bytestrings (like text_factory = str). It is highly recommended that you instead just switch your application to Unicode strings
查了参考链接发现,使用bytestrings时,需要给con指定模式(默认模式是text)
就是插入下面第三行即可
con = sqlite3.connect(":memory:")
cur = con.cursor()
con.text_factory = bytes
参考
https://docs.python.org/3/library/sqlite3.html#sqlite3.Connection.text_factory
conda
安装
去官网或者清华源下载对应版本的conda,注意一下conda2和conda3对应的是py2和py3,有点儿不同
下载好,执行
bash Anaconda2-4.1.0-Linux-x86_64.sh
export PATH="/home/leisurem/anaconda/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="/home/vagrant/anaconda2/bin:$PATH"
新建环境
http://conda.pydata.org/miniconda.html
创建一个python3或者2的环境
conda create -n lei3 anaconda python=3
conda create -n lei anaconda python=2
进入环境
source activate lei3
离开环境
source deactivate
conda从rootclone env后报错
从root里clone一个package,conda install的时候,提示
Error: 'conda' can only be installed into the root environment
这是因为环境是从root里clone过来的,把root里的一些包去掉就好了
source activate lei #假设环境叫lei
conda remove conda-build
conda remove conda-env
conda update anaconda
配置pep8
不赞同pep8的某些规范,比如e41和e501,可以在subl里跳过检查
先在preferences的package setting里选autopepe8,选setting-user,输入下面代码
{
"max-line-length": 79,
// list codes for fixes; used by --ignore and --select
"list-fixes": "",
// do not fix these errors / warnings(e.g. E4, W)
"ignore": "E41, E226, E501",
// select errors / warnings(e.g. E4, W)
"select": "",
// enable possibly unsafe changes (E711, E712)
"aggressive": 0,
// number of spaces per indent level
"indent-size": 4,
"format_on_save": false,
"show_output_panel": true,
// Format/Preview menu items only appear for views
// with syntax from `syntax_list`
// value is base filename of the .tmLanguage syntax files
"syntax_list": ["Python"],
"file_menu_search_depth": 3, // max depth to search python files
"avoid_new_line_in_select_mode": false,
// print debug info into the console
"debug": false
}
然后,打开Prefrences > Package Settings > SublimeLinter > Settings - User
,然后输入下面代码:
{
"pep8": true,
"pep8_ignore":["E501","41"],
}
安装pyqt5
anaconda search -t conda pyqt5
anaconda show idaholab/pyqt5
conda install --channel https://conda.anaconda.org/idaholab pyqt5
通过format格式化字符串提示‘ValueError: zero length field name in format’
python2.7之后的,不需要指定第几个参数
但是,python2.7之前的,需要指定参数个数
比如'spark-submit --master spark://{0}:7077 /root/cm/sparm-recommand.py'.format(sp)
在python2.6和2.7都兼容
但是'spark-submit --master spark://{}:7077 /root/cm/sparm-recommand.py'.format(sp)
在python2.6会报错,在2.7或者3里面运行没问题
pip 无法卸载某个库
提示It is a distutils installed project and thus we cannot accurately determine which files belong to it which would lead to only a partial uninstall.
到lib/site-packages目录下,把对应的库的文件夹和库名.egg-info文件删除即可
比如一个pytz的库无法卸载
sudo rm -rf pytz*
再进入目录,删除目录中文件即可
conda 提示bunzip2: command not found
安装bzip即可yum install -y bzip2
conda导入导出环境
conda env -- name lei3 export > environment.yaml
conda env create -f environment.yaml
找出list里重复最多的元素
from collections import Counter
Counter(A).most_common(1)[0][0]