一 words and expressions

1. I T WAS 1968,  AND THE VIETNAM WAR was in full swing. U.S. fighter pilots from the navy and air force were regularly engaging Soviet-trained North Vietnamese airmen flying Russian-made MiG fighter planes in dogfights, and the Americans weren’t doing so well.

be in full swing:if an event or process is in full swing, it has reached its highest level of activity正在热烈进行中，正酣时:

例句:By midnight the end-of-course party was in full swing.

造句：As soon as  the super star arrived, the party was  in full swing.

engage:to begin to fight an enemy与〔敌人〕开战:

•American forces did not directly engage.美军没有直接参战。

dogfight:a fight between two military aircraft in which they fly very fast and very close o each other（两架战斗机之间的）空中格斗，激战

2. ...but the air war resumed in 1970, including air-to-air combat between fighters.

resume:to start doing something again after stopping or being interrupted〔中断之后〕继续:

•She hopes to resume work after the baby is born.她想生完孩子后继续工作。

造句：The announcement was made at the same time that peace talks resume.

3. They feed a seemingly insatiable appetite among their customers for anything that might provide a competitive edge.

insatiable:always wanting more and more of something贪得无厌的，不能满足的

insatiable appetite /desire / demand etc (for sth)

造句：I have insatiable appetite for knowledge.

edge:something that gives you an advantage over others优势 不可数

•The next version of the software will have the edge over its competitors.

4. One in particular, the Blue Bunny ice cream company, adopted the approach and even added its own twist.

twist：an unexpected feature or change in a situation or series of events〔形势或事态的〕意外转折

造句：By an amazing twist of fate, they are long lost relatives. 

二 summary＆thoughts

第五章的标题是在工作中运用刻意练习原则

                                                  ————  让练习变成日常工作中的一部分

在一开始，讲述的是越南战争中美国培训空军的方法。美国空军通过一个program，模拟会在战争中遇到的状况，学员通过不断地练习以及反馈纠正，而提高了他们的战斗力。从而介绍了我们如何在工作中运用刻意练习。

但是，切记：拒绝三种错误思想

1.认为人的能力通常受到“天赋”的限制

我在遇到难事的时候，总会说“我不行”“我不会”，认为我天生就干不成什么什么。如果你想通过刻意练习来hone your skills，那么首先就要摒弃这个想法。没有人生来就是会做什么的或是注定做什么的。

2. 如果你有足够长的时间做某事，一定会更擅长

这个观点我们从之前几章的例子也可以驳倒：一个执业多年的医师可能会比不上新入行的医生。在生活中我们常常会有这样的情况：我们做一个事情或是在一个岗位上做久了，感觉自己长期都做的一样，貌似不会再提高了。

3.认为要想提高，只需要努力。

我们常常付出很大的努力可还是没有提高某项技能，甚至下降了。那是什么原因呢？那就是练习缺乏针对性与目的性。比如我一直想提高英语听力，就疯狂地刷题，花很多时间，可是发现并没有丝毫提高。发现即使有足够长的时间做某事，也未必会更加擅长。练习要有针对性，我听力不好很大程度上因为听不清连读，我应该在这方面做刻意的练习，这样才会取得进步

任何人都可以进步，但需要正确的方法，如果你没有进步，并不是因为你缺少天赋，而是你没有正确的方法练习。

边干边学的好处是它使人们熟悉练习的习惯，并思考如何练习。