CentOs下安装Nginx有两种方法:
一、源文件安装
1、安装编译工具及库文件
yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel
2、安装PCRE
PCRE库支持正则表达式。如果我们在配置文件nginx.conf中使用了正则表达式,那么在编译Nginx时就必须把PCRE库编译进Nginx,因为Nginx的HTTP模块需要靠它来解析正则表达式。
1、进入安装目录
cd /usr/local/src/
2、wget下载安装包
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
3、解压安装包
tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz
4、进入解压后的目录
cd pcre-8.35
5、配置
./configure
6、编译安装
make && make install
7、查看PCRE版本
pcre-config --version
3、安装Nginx
1、下载安装包
cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
2、解压并进入目录
tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.6.2
3、编译安装
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35
make && make install
./configure
命令的 --prefix
用于指定安装路径,--with
用于指定依赖 --with-依赖包名称=依赖包目录
如果不使用 --prefix
指定路径,则安装时可执行文件默认放在 /usr/local/bin
,库文件默认放在 /usr/local/lib
,配置文件默认放在 /usr/local/etc
。其它的资源文件放在 /usr/local/share
。
4、配置Nginx
1、创建Nginx运行使用的用户:
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
2、配置 nginx.conf ,进入/usr/local/src/nginx-1.6.2/conf
,将 nginx.conf 替换为以下内容
user www www;
worker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致
error_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
#下面是server虚拟主机的配置
server
{
listen 80;#监听端口
server_name localhost;#域名
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/webserver/nginx/html;#站点目录
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$
{
expires 30d;
# access_log off;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 15d;
# access_log off;
}
access_log off;
}
}
检查配置文件nginx.conf的正确性:
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果显示如下:
➜ conf /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
则证明配置正确。
5、启动Nginx
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
我在启动时报错如下:
➜ conf /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
从配置文件中可以看到我们使用的是80端口,而这个错误是由于80端口被占用,查看占用80端口号的进程:
netstat -ntlp|grep 80
显示如下:
➜ conf netstat -ntlp|grep 80
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 7732/httpd
Apache占用了80端口号,我们可以杀死占用端口号的进程:kill 7732
,或者将配置文件中 listen 80 修改为别的端口号。我这边采用的第二种,修改为了 2333 端口,重新运行Nginx启动命令,无报错信息,启动成功。
➜ ~ /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
You have new mail.
➜ ~
6、访问站点
如果是修改配置文件监听端口号,记得在网址后加端口号哦。
至此,Nginx就安装成功啦。
二、yum安装
yum安装nginx就比较简单啦,执行命令yum install nginx
即可
安装成功后,可以使用systemctl
命令
- 启动nginx:
systemctl start nginx
- 加入开机启动:
systemctl enable nginx
- 查看nginx的状态:
systemctl status nginx
yum安装后,Nginx的配置文件在哪里呢,可以通过查找Nginx安装位置来查找配置文件:
ps -ef |grep nginx
显示如下:
再执行
/usr/sbin/nginx -t
可以看到配置文件目录为
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf