OpenLDAP安装与配置
初始化安装环境
sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
为了避免单点故障，通常都会采用双机环境。使用OpenLDAP复制同步功能，保持双Master数据一致性
LDAP1.CCUOL.COM IP address 192.168.150.128
LDAP2.CCUOL.COM IP address 192.168.150.130
安装OpenLDAP
yum -y install openldap compat-openldap openldap-clients openldap-servers openldap-servers-sql openldap-devel migrationtools# 查看Ldap版本slapd -VV
启动OpenLDAP
systemctl enable slapd
systemctl start slapd
systemctl status slapd
配置OpenLDAP
设置OpenLDAP的管理员密码
slappasswd -s LDAP@2018
加密后的字段保存下，等在配置文件中会使用到
导入chrootpw.ldif文件
cd /etc/openldap/
vim chrootpw.ldif # specify the password generated above for "olcRootPW" sectiondn: olcDatabase={0}config,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcRootPW
olcRootPW: {SSHA}HS5Bu2oNnnGe+G7OaWCtfnPBJUz7G2k2
ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f chrootpw.ldif
导入基本Schema
ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.ldif
ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/nis.ldif
ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.ldif
设置Domain Name
首先要生成经处理后的目录管理者明文密码
slappasswd -s LDAP@2018
导入chdomain.ldif文件，使用域名test.com，一定注意修改olcRootPW参数
cd /etc/openldap
vim chdomain.ldif # replace to your own domain name for "dc=***,dc=***" section# specify the password generated above for "olcRootPW" sectiondn: olcDatabase={1}monitor,cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcAccess
olcAccess: {0}to * by dn.base="gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth" read by dn.base="cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com" read by * none
dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcSuffix
olcSuffix: dc=ccuol,dc=com
dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcRootDN
olcRootDN: cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com
dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcRootPW
olcRootPW: {SSHA}eTMA99w62m1Oslr8FjNXwmFplJyZK+ei
dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcAccess
olcAccess: {0}to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange by
dn="cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com" write by anonymous auth by self write by * none
olcAccess: {1}to dn.base="" by * readolcAccess: {2}to * by dn="cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com" write by * read
ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f chdomain.ldif
导入basedomain.ldif文件
cd /etc/openldap
vim basedomain.ldif# replace to your own domain name for "dc=***,dc=***" sectiondn: dc=ccuol,dc=com
objectClass: top
objectClass: dcObject
objectclass: organization
o: Server Com
dc: ccuoldn: cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com
objectClass: organizationalRole
cn: Manager
description: Directory Manager
dn: ou=People,dc=ccuol,dc=com
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: People
dn: ou=Group,dc=ccuol,dc=com
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: Group
ldapadd -x -D cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com -W -f basedomain.ldif
OpenLDAP Server禁用匿名用户
cat > disable_anonymous.ldif << "EOF"
dn: cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcDisallows
olcDisallows: bind_anon
-
dn: olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcRequires
olcRequires: authc
EOF
ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:// -f disable_anonymous.ldif
OpenLDAP Server开启匿名用户
cat > disable_anonymous.ldif << "EOF"
dn: cn=config
changetype: modify
delete: olcDisallows
olcDisallows: bind_anon
-
dn: olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config
changetype: modify
delete: olcRequires
olcRequires: authc
EOF
ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:// -f disable_anonymous.ldif
向OpenLDAP Server中添加用户（可跳过）
首先要生成经处理后的明文密码
slappasswd -s LDAP@2018
vim ldapuser.ldif# create new user jerryhuang# replace to your own domain name for "dc=***,dc=***" sectiondn: uid=zhaoyong,ou=People,dc=ccuol,dc=com
objectClass: inetOrgPerson
objectClass: posixAccount
objectClass: shadowAccount
cn: zhaoyong
sn: Linux
userPassword: {SSHA}gfNVoxPmLgz4GPchLbnbDNUXcgK+o8sc
loginShell: /bin/bash
uidNumber: 1000
gidNumber: 1000
homeDirectory: /home//user/zhaoyong
dn: cn=zhaoyong,ou=Group,dc=ccuol,dc=com
objectClass: posixGroup
cn: zhaoyong
gidNumber: 1000
memberUid: zhaoyong
ldapadd -x -D cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com -W -f ldapuser.ldif
添加本机的系统用户和群组到ldap目录(可跳过）
脚本SUFFIX变量替换为自己的域名
vim ldapuser.sh# extract local users and groups who have 1000-9999 digit UID# replace "SUFFIX=***" to your own domain name# this is an example #!/bin/bashSUFFIX='dc=test,dc=com'LDIF='ldapuser.ldif'echo -n > $LDIF
GROUP_IDS=()
grep "x:[1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]:" /etc/passwd | (while read TARGET_USERdo USER_ID="$(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f1)" USER_NAME="$(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f5 | cut -d' ' -f1,2)" [ ! "$USER_NAME" ] && USER_NAME="$USER_ID" LDAP_SN="$(echo "$USER_NAME" | cut -d' ' -f2)" [ ! "$LDAP_SN" ] && LDAP_SN="$USER_NAME" LASTCHANGE_FLAG="$(grep "${USER_ID}:" /etc/shadow | cut -d':' -f3)" [ ! "$LASTCHANGE_FLAG" ] && LASTCHANGE_FLAG="0" SHADOW_FLAG="$(grep "${USER_ID}:" /etc/shadow | cut -d':' -f9)" [ ! "$SHADOW_FLAG" ] && SHADOW_FLAG="0" GROUP_ID="$(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f4)" [ ! "$(echo "${GROUP_IDS[@]}" | grep "$GROUP_ID")" ] && GROUP_IDS=("${GROUP_IDS[@]}" "$GROUP_ID")
echo "dn: uid=$USER_ID,ou=People,$SUFFIX" >> $LDIF
echo "objectClass: inetOrgPerson" >> $LDIF
echo "objectClass: posixAccount" >> $LDIF
echo "objectClass: shadowAccount" >> $LDIF
echo "sn: $LDAP_SN" >> $LDIF
echo "givenName: $(echo "$USER_NAME" | awk '{print $1}')" >> $LDIF
echo "cn: $USER_NAME" >> $LDIF
echo "displayName: $USER_NAME" >> $LDIF
echo "uidNumber: $(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f3)" >> $LDIF
echo "gidNumber: $(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f4)" >> $LDIF
echo "userPassword: {crypt}$(grep "${USER_ID}:" /etc/shadow | cut -d':' -f2)" >> $LDIF
echo "gecos: $USER_NAME" >> $LDIF
echo "loginShell: $(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f7)" >> $LDIF
echo "homeDirectory: $(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f6)" >> $LDIF
echo "shadowExpire: $(passwd -S "$USER_ID" | awk '{print $7}')" >> $LDIF
echo "shadowFlag: $SHADOW_FLAG" >> $LDIF
echo "shadowWarning: $(passwd -S "$USER_ID" | awk '{print $6}')" >> $LDIF
echo "shadowMin: $(passwd -S "$USER_ID" | awk '{print $4}')" >> $LDIF
echo "shadowMax: $(passwd -S "$USER_ID" | awk '{print $5}')" >> $LDIF
echo "shadowLastChange: $LASTCHANGE_FLAG" >> $LDIF
echo >> $LDIF
donefor TARGET_GROUP_ID in "${GROUP_IDS[@]}"do LDAP_CN="$(grep ":${TARGET_GROUP_ID}:" /etc/group | cut -d':' -f1)" echo "dn: cn=$LDAP_CN,ou=Group,$SUFFIX" >> $LDIF
echo "objectClass: posixGroup" >> $LDIF
echo "cn: $LDAP_CN" >> $LDIF
echo "gidNumber: $TARGET_GROUP_ID" >> $LDIF
for MEMBER_UID in $(grep ":${TARGET_GROUP_ID}:" /etc/passwd | cut -d':' -f1,3)
do UID_NUM=$(echo "$MEMBER_UID" | cut -d':' -f2)
[ $UID_NUM -ge 1000 -a $UID_NUM -le 9999 ] && echo "memberUid: $(echo "$MEMBER_UID" | cut -d':' -f1)" >> $LDIF
done
echo >> $LDIF
done
)
执行该脚本，会生成 ldapuser.ldif 文件
导入该文件
ldapadd -x -D cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com -W -f ldapuser.ldif
删除LDAP用户或组
删除用户：
ldapdelete -x -W -D 'cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com' "uid=ldapuser,ou=People,dc=ccuol,dc=com"
删除组：
ldapdelete -x -W -D 'cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com' "cn=ldapgroup,ou=Group,dc=ccuol,dc=com"
查询OpenLDAP的相关信息
用户和用户组全部导入完毕后，我们就可以查询OpenLDAP的相关信息
查询OpenLDAP全部信息，使用如下命令：
ldapsearch -x -b "dc=ccuol,dc=com" -H ldap://127.0.0.1
查询添加的OpenLDAP用户信息，使用如下命令：
ldapsearch -LLL -x -D 'cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com' -w "LDAP@2018" -b 'dc=ccuol,dc=com' 'uid=jerryhuang'
把OpenLDAP用户加入到用户组
现在我们要把ldapuser用户加入到ldapgroup用户组，需要新建添加用户到用户组的ldif文件
cat > add_user_to_groups.ldif << "EOF"dn: cn=ldapgroup,ou=Group,dc=ccuol,dc=com
changetype: modify
add: memberuid
memberuid: ldapuser
EOF
执行如下命令：
ldapadd -x -w "LDAP@2018" -D "cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com" -f add_user_to_groups.ldif
开启OpenLADP日志访问功能
默认情况下OpenLDAP是没有启用日志记录功能，但是在实际使用过程中，为了定位问题需要使用OpenLDAP日志
cat > loglevel.ldif << "EOF"dn: cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcLogLevel
olcLogLevel: stats
EOF
导入到OpenLDAP中，并重启OpenLDAP服务
ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -D "cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com" -f loglevel.ldif
修改rsyslog配置文件，并重启rsyslog服务
cat >> /etc/rsyslog.conf << "EOF"local4.* /var/log/slapd.log
EOF
systemctl restart rsyslog
systemctl restart slapd
查看日志
tail -f /var/log/slapd.log
修改OpenLDAP默认监听端口
例如我们现在把OpenLDAP监听的端口修改为4567
vim /etc/sysconfig/slapd
SLAPD_URLS="ldapi://0.0.0.0:4567/ ldap://0.0.0.0:4567/"# 重启OpenLDAP服务systemctl restart slapd.service
配置 LDAP 客户端 (服务器端ip:192.168.150.128)
yum install -y openldap-clients nss-pam-ldapd authconfig authconfig-gtk
执行命令
authconfig --enableldap \--enableldapauth \--ldapserver=192.168.150.128 \--ldapbasedn="dc=ccuol,dc=com" \--enablemkhomedir \--update
安装部署phpldapadmin:
rpm -ivhhttp://mirrors.ukfast.co.uk/sites/dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
yum install httpd phpldapadmin
systemctl restart httpd
vim /etc/phpldapadmin/config.php
// $servers->setValue('login','attr','uid')；把这一行的注释去掉
$servers->setValue('login','attr','dn'); //新增加这行
http://192.168.150.128/phpldapadmin
登录名：cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com
密码：123abcABC
OpenLDAP Multi-Master Replication:
双机执行
cat > mod_syncprov.ldif << "EOF"
dn: cn=module,cn=config
objectClass: olcModuleList
cn: module
olcModulePath: /usr/lib64/openldap
olcModuleLoad: syncprov.la
EOF
# ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f mod_syncprov.ldif
cat > syncprov.ldif << "EOF"
dn: olcOverlay=syncprov,olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
objectClass: olcOverlayConfig
objectClass: olcSyncProvConfig
olcOverlay: syncprov
olcSpSessionLog: 100
EOF
# ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f syncprov.ldif
LDAP01执行：
cat > ldap02.ldif << "EOF"
# create new
dn: cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcServerID
# specify unique ID number on each server
olcServerID: 0
dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcSyncRepl
olcSyncRepl: rid=001 provider=ldap://192.168.150.130:389/ bindmethod=simple binddn="cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com" credentials=123abcABC searchbase="dc=ccuol,dc=com" scope=sub schemachecking=on type=refreshAndPersist retry="30 5 300 3" interval=00:00:05:00
-
add: olcMirrorMode
olcMirrorMode: TRUE
dn: olcOverlay=syncprov,olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: add
objectClass: olcOverlayConfig
objectClass: olcSyncProvConfig
olcOverlay: syncprov
EOF
# ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f ldap02.ldif
LDAP02执行：
cat > ldap01.ldif << "EOF"
# create new
dn: cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcServerID
# specify unique ID number on each server
olcServerID: 0
dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcSyncRepl
olcSyncRepl: rid=001 provider=ldap://192.168.150.128:389/ bindmethod=simple binddn="cn=Manager,dc=ccuol,dc=com" credentials=123abcABC searchbase="dc=ccuol,dc=com" scope=sub schemachecking=on type=refreshAndPersist retry="30 5 300 3" interval=00:00:05:00
-
add: olcMirrorMode
olcMirrorMode: TRUE
dn: olcOverlay=syncprov,olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: add
objectClass: olcOverlayConfig
objectClass: olcSyncProvConfig
olcOverlay: syncprov
EOF
# ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f ldap01.ldif
常见问题：
1.phpldapadmin Can't contact LDAP server (-1) for user set
# getsebool httpd_can_connect_ldap
httpd_can_connect_ldap --> off
# setsebool -P httpd_can_connect_ldap on
# getsebool httpd_can_connect_ldapll
httpd_can_connect_ldap --> on
