2019天津高考英语试题阅读理解D简析

首先看本文的体裁，如何界定？第一、以第一人称做叙述。第二、涉及到了一定的时间地点人物事件。第三、通过事件叙述有一定的说理。从而大约把本文归类为说理性叙述文（侧重说理，从而有论说文的痕迹）。再看题材，主要围绕大学选取专业的一些客观事实来进行叙述的。属于校园生活、学生生活、捎带社会认知话题，而文章的主体信息又集中在人文学科的特色上，所以整体行文和语言运用又有一定的专业性特点，这也是文章让人感觉稍有难度的原因。本篇被设置在五篇阅读理解题的D篇位置，民间或者约定的说法这是比较难的定位？我不确认。但是同时本套试题中还有另外一篇情节相对简单的记叙文。

本文以作者的亲身经历为依托，从作者的思维角度阐述问题，那么就可以定调，它是带有一定的倾向性的，倾向于作者本人的观点。所以阅读时要注意作者本身通过语言描述表达的观点和态度。命题也会集中在这些点上。

看文章第一段，几个关键词：but ，so，forced，another but。本段在写作信息传递上有些模糊的地方在于，有一个信息点：

but eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing techniques，此处作者没有交代是选择了这个专业试读之后感觉不适合，还是在没有读之前根据各种信息的了解主观上感觉不合适，有些含糊。从而缺少了行文的真实逻辑性，但是不影响整篇文章的核心思想的表达。推测一下，整体感觉脉络是这样的：最初想要选择人文学科——受其他因素影响而选择了实用的企业管理——就读企业管理后，不能适应——转专业回到最初的喜好专业（人文相关）。本段没有生僻词汇和不容易驾驭的复杂句式。本段最后一句是关键信息，表达了作者的最后选择。所以可以看试题：

51 Why did the author choose Business Management as his major at first?

A.He was tired of learning comparative literature.

B.He came to enjoy learning marketing techniques.

C.He wanted to go to the same university as his friends.

D.He believed Business Management was more practical.

命题人选取的角度通过题干信息Business Management ，at first 限定。备选项中acd是本题关键选项，c是拼凑的，可以比较容易排除，a选项从逻辑角度是有问题的，逻辑上，假如对某种专业产生倦怠感，是要经过一定的学习之后而可能出现的，这就需要之前曾选择过这一专业，而本文并没有阐述清楚，也就是说此处的was tired of…和题干有一定的逻辑冲突。D选项也不是很严谨，从原文信息看，作者是受他人以及选择专业的一些影响而选择Business management ，这和他自身意愿选择有细微区别的。综合看四个选项D为最佳答案。此题的几个逻辑问题是at first 如何界定，最初的want 比较文学和之后的business 的选择是不是都是作者的want。逻辑问题，有些是比较显现的有的却很隐晦，俗话说有“普世逻辑也有各自不同的逻辑”。

文章第二段是作者对于人文学科的观点态度。第二段第一句可以作为复杂句式来讲解语法。关键词是abstract，not applicable 。The worries are …the majors are abstract，…。衔接词actually后面信息表达的是作者的真实观点。Actually ideas discussed in Humanities classes, which are occasionally different from what people commonly believe, offer a broad perspective(视角).强调了课堂上所讨论的观点。看试题：试题题干限制词a broad perspective 和原文信息词汇完全一致，所以做题方法就是点对点回到原文查找信息。这个题目的命制不是很成功，往往点对点限制信息命题，干扰项都是很难设置的，本题也是如此，出现了干扰项设置的尴尬，至于此处的问题具体在哪里，不做详细解释。且此题是在极度细节上的一个小推断，所以是否是事实上能够成立的观点，不能确定。B为答案。

第二段和第三段当中都出现了多个疑问句，都是作者的罗列，从快速阅读和考场作答角度基本可以略过，正常来说，这些问题也没有可以设问的题点。

52.According to the author, what is a possible way to gain a broad perspective?

A.Making more friends and learning from them.

B.Exchanging ideas in a philosophy seminar.

C.Opening your mind to future possibilities. D.Getting to know the popular opinion of society.

看下一题：

53.In which of the following situations do soft skills play the most important role?

A.Writing a software program. B.Performing a heart operation.

C.Playing a musical instrument. D.Negotiating with a business partner.

题干核心信息词soft skills 回原文查找信息…while humanities majors learn “soft skills” like communicating effectively，此处的while 表示转折，和之前提到的stem学科的硬科技相比较，所以软技能可能涉及的方向就大致可以理解了，此题命制特点同上一题，不再重复。假如学生大脑中直接可以理解soft skills 基本可以不做原文阅读就可以选出答案。

看下一题，关于job market 在最后一段中作者做了肯定的阐述。The job market is quietly creating thousands of openings a week for people who can bring a humanist’s grace to our rapidly evolving high-tech future.这句话是比较优美而达意的一句话，可以用来做句子赏析。quietly creating …，bring a humanist’s grace 使用的比较优美。

翻译一：就业市场正在悄无声息地为那些能为我们快速发展的高科技未来带来人文主义魅力的人创造每周数千个职位空缺。

翻译二：每周，就业市场都在悄无声息地创造出数千个职位，虚席以待那些能为我们快速发展的高科技未来带来人文主义魅力的人们。

根据文章基调和文章最后一段信息答案为C。至于a选项，只能说本文没有提及。但他是一个相对强干扰项。每周，就业市场都在悄无声息地创造出数千个职位虚席以待那些能为我们快速发展的高科技未来带来人文主义魅力的人们。

54.The author believes the job market for Humanities graduates is ______. A.recovering

B.depressing

C.promising

D.challenging

最后一个题是标题归纳。满足标题归纳题目的特点，答案A。

55.What could be the best title for the passage?

A.Stick to Your Desired Major

B.Broaden Your Perspective

C.How to Acquire Soft Skills

D.Humanities vs. STEM

小结：文本选取题材比较符合学生认知水平。但文章应该并非出自英美主流媒体，作者似乎也不是英美母语人士，这一点有待查证，看文本出处就可以了。文章写作没有难点，理解时抓住核心信息点即可。试题命制中规中矩。

试题原文和原题如下：

When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature. But, once I found out my friends were going into “real” majors, like marketing, nursing, and engineering, I figured I needed to do the same to ensure a good career. So I changed my mind and chose Business Management as my major. I forced myself to believe that I would enjoy it and succeed in the future, but eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing techniques. Coming out of this experience, I realize it is ok to be different from others and to study things like classics, art history and other majors offered in the College of Humanities(人文学科)!

The worries most people have about a Humanities degree and finding a career afterwards are that the majors are too abstract, and one will not obtain any applicable skills. Actually ideas discussed in Humanities classes, which are occasionally different from what people commonly believe, offer a broad perspective(视角). How could one effectively be an unbiased(无偏见的)writer with only a knowledge of the popular opinion of society? How could one speak persuasively with closed minds? Only seeing the world through a single perspective leads to missed learning, missed friendships, and missed growth! With a broader perspective, we will be more free, more open-minded, and less limited in what we can become!

STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) graduates learn actual skills in their studies, while humanities majors learn “soft skills” like communicating effectively through writing critically and speaking persuasively, synthesizing(综合)ideas through gathering and interpreting information, and developing cultural awareness. Do those soft skills sound useless and inapplicable to you? Think of it. How often do you communicate with others? Produce ideas? Encounter people from other cultures? Every day. Every SECOND of every day. So why not master these skills?

If you choose a major in the College of Humanities, you will be needed. The job market is quietly creating thousands of openings a week for people who can bring a humanist’s grace to our rapidly evolving high-tech future. Your skills will be valuable to any workplace you hope to be in. Chase after your dream major with all your energy, no matter what other people think.

51.Why did the author choose Business Management as his major at first?