scrapy爬取旋风网站APP

网址：http://www.xfdown.com/class/155_1.html

要求根据右侧的分类进行爬取，获取子页面的APP信息如名称、大小、出版商等一些信息，总数据27000多个，耗时20个小时，使用工具pycharm。废话少说直接上代码
遇到的问题：在爬取数据时，APP的公司和官方连接每个网页会有所不同，所以采取了两种xpath的情形进行采取。
注意事项：存储文件，写了两种的存储方式一种为csv，另一种为MongoDB，根据自己的情况进行选择，修改存储的方法，在settings.py文件中进行修改，不清楚的可以查看之前写的文章https://www.jianshu.com/p/5501827c55fc

app.py

import scrapy
import json
import re,random
from copy import deepcopy
import pprint,csv
from ..items import ScrapyAppItem


class GetHome(scrapy.Spider):
    def __init__(self):

        pass
    name = 'app'
    start_urls = ['http://www.xfdown.com/class/155_1.html']
    # allowed_domains = ['www.xfdown.com/']

    def parse(self, response):
        items_name = response.xpath('//*[@id="dlist"]/div[4]/div[3]/div[1]/ul/a')
        items_link=response.xpath('//*[@id="dlist"]/div[4]/div[3]/div[1]/ul/a')
        for bg_name,bg_link in zip(items_name,items_link):
            link = 'http://www.xfdown.com' + bg_link.xpath('./@href').get()
            name=bg_name.xpath('./text()').get()
            link_key=re.match(r'(http://www.xfdown.com/class/\d+)_\d+.html',link).group(1)
            yield scrapy.Request(link,callback=self.content,meta={'app_catalogue':name})
        pass

    def content(self, response):
        name = response.meta['app_catalogue']
        links=response.xpath('//*[@id="dlist"]/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li/div[1]/div[2]/h3/a/@href')
        for link in links:
            app_link='http://www.xfdown.com'+link.get()
            yield scrapy.Request(url=app_link,callback=self.data,meta={'app_catalogue':name})
            pass
        next_url=response.xpath('//*[@id="dlist"]/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/div/div/div[2]/a[@class="tsp_next"]/@href').get()
        if next_url is not None:
            print('http://www.xfdown.com'+next_url)
            yield scrapy.Request('http://www.xfdown.com'+next_url,callback=self.content,meta={'app_catalogue':name})
        else:
            print('此类页面结束！！！')

        pass

    def data(self,response):
        name = response.meta['app_catalogue']
        app_name =response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[1]/div/h1/text()').get()
        app_size =re.match(r'^(.*?): (.*?\w$)',response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[1]/text()').get()).group(2)
        app_style =re.match(r'^(.*?): (.*?\w$)',response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[2]/text()').get()).group(2)
        app_language = re.match(r'^(.*?): (.*?\w$)',response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[3]/text()').get()).group(2)
        app_updatetime = re.match(r'^(.*?): (.*?\w$)',response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[6]/text()').get()).group(2)
        try:
            app_company = re.search(r'(.*?):(.*?\w$)',
                                    response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[9]/text()').get()).group(2)
        except:
            app_company = response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[9]/a/text()').get()
        app_navigateto = response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[8]/text()').get()
        try:
            app_navigateto = re.search(r'(.*?):(.*?\w$)',
                                    response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[8]/text()').get()).group(2)
        except:
            app_navigateto = response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[8]/a/text()').get()

        app_platform = re.match(r'^(.*?): (.*?\w$)',response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[7]/text()').get()).group(2)
        app_abstract = response.xpath('/html/body/div[4]/div[3]/div[2]').get()
        items = ScrapyAppItem(app_name=app_name,app_size=app_size,app_style=app_style,app_platform=app_platform,
                              app_language=app_language,app_company=app_company,app_abstract=app_abstract,
                              app_navigateto=app_navigateto,app_catalogue=name,app_updatetime=app_updatetime)
        yield items
        pass
    pass

middlewares.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your spider middleware
#
# See documentation in:
# https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

from scrapy import signals


class ScrapyAppSpiderMiddleware:
    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
    # scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
    # passed objects.

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
        s = cls()
        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
        return s

    def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
        # Called for each response that goes through the spider
        # middleware and into the spider.

        # Should return None or raise an exception.
        return None

    def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
        # Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
        # it has processed the response.

        # Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.
        for i in result:
            yield i

    def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
        # Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
        # (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.

        # Should return either None or an iterable of Request, dict
        # or Item objects.
        pass

    def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):
        # Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
        # similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
        # that it doesn’t have a response associated.

        # Must return only requests (not items).
        for r in start_requests:
            yield r

    def spider_opened(self, spider):
        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)


class ScrapyAppDownloaderMiddleware:
    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
    # scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
    # passed objects.

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
        s = cls()
        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
        return s

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        # Called for each request that goes through the downloader
        # middleware.

        # Must either:
        # - return None: continue processing this request
        # - or return a Response object
        # - or return a Request object
        # - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
        #   installed downloader middleware will be called
        return None

    def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
        # Called with the response returned from the downloader.

        # Must either;
        # - return a Response object
        # - return a Request object
        # - or raise IgnoreRequest
        return response

    def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
        # Called when a download handler or a process_request()
        # (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.

        # Must either:
        # - return None: continue processing this exception
        # - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
        # - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
        pass

    def spider_opened(self, spider):
        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)

import random
class UserAgent(object):
    USER_AGENTS = [
        'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; Acoo Browser 1.98.744; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)',
        'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; Acoo Browser 1.98.744; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)',
        'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; Acoo Browser; GTB5; Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1) ; InfoPath.1; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30618)',
        'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; Acoo Browser; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; Avant Browser)',
    ]
    def process_request(self, request, spider): #这里一定要使用process_request不然的话请求设置没用，为内置方法
        useragent = random.choice(self.USER_AGENTS)
        request.headers['User-Agent'] = useragent
        pass
    pass

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for scrapy_app project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'scrapy_app'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['scrapy_app.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'scrapy_app.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'scrapy_app (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 2
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
   'scrapy_app.middlewares.ScrapyAppSpiderMiddleware': 543,
}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
   'scrapy_app.middlewares.UserAgent': 543,
}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'scrapy_app.pipelines.ScrapyAppPipeline': 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

pipeline.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

import csv
import pymongo
class ScrapyAppPipeline:
    def __init__(self):
        print('爬虫开始!!!')
        self.f = open('app.csv', 'a', newline='', encoding='gbk')
        self.write = csv.writer(self.f)
        self.write.writerow(['分类', '名称', '大小','类型', '语言', '最近更新时间',
                             '使用平台', '公司', '官网', '描述'])
        pass

    def start_spider(self):

        pass

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        data_list = [item['app_catalogue'], item['app_name'], item['app_size'], item['app_style'],
                     item['app_language'], item['app_updatetime'], item['app_platform'], item['app_company'],
                     item['app_navigateto'], item['app_abstract']]
        self.write.writerow(data_list)

        pass

    def close_spider(self):
        self.f.close()
        pass


# from pymongo import MongoClient
# class MongoPipeline(object):
#     def __init__(self, databaseIp='127.0.0.1', databasePort=27017,
#                  mongodbName='dbtry'):
#         client = MongoClient(databaseIp, databasePort)
#         self.db = client[mongodbName]
#
#     def process_item(self, item, spider):
#         postItem = dict(item)  # 把item转化成字典形式
#         self.db.test.insert(postItem)  # 向数据库插入一条记录
#         return item  # 会在控制台输出原item数据，可以选择不写

如有问题可以留言，可相互交流讨论！！！

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