如何解决连词题？
依据句际关系来考查并列句和三大从句，是高考语法填空的重点和难点，也是考生的易错点。如果看到没有提示词的空，需考虑是填代词、连词、冠词还是介词。分析句子成分是解题的关键。
I 并列连词
如果两个单词、短语、句子相并列的成分之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果或对比关系，则填并列连词。
即时训练I
1.Although Mary loved flowers, ________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
2. BioPods don’t use any soil to grow plants, ________ the vast majority of water there is recycled and recirculated.
3. The Olympic cauldron (主火炬) at the snowflake－themed ceremony was small, ________ the flames conveyed significant messages of greener Olympic Games.
4. On a serious note, spending time away from our screens from time to time is not only good for kids’ health, ________ also everyone’s.
5.Getting that plastic out of the water again is nearly impossible，________ policymakers should focus on preventing any more of it entering the oceans in the first place.
II 从句连词
如果空处引导从句，则首先要看它所引导的是哪一种从句，分清从句类型是解题关键。
① 定语从句
1.关系代词
定语从句中缺主语或者宾语时，用关系代词：
(1)that/which(用来指物)
注意：介词之后或引导非限制性定语从句时，只用which。
(2)who/whom/that(用来指人)
注意：①whom只能作宾语。介词之后只用whom ②that既可指人，也可指物。
(3)whose作定语，可修饰人或物，表先行词和定语从句的主语之间的所属关系。
(4)as可指人或物(常用于句首)。【as不做要求】
2.关系副词
(1)在定语从句中作状语，用关系副词when，where，why。
(2)牢记case，climate，scene，atmosphere，stage，situation，spot，position，point等名词作先行词，在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导定语从句。
3.“介词＋which/whom”结构
定语从句中不缺主语或宾语时，常常用“介词＋which/whom”代替关系副词。其中介词的选择遵循以下原则：
(1)看与先行词的搭配；
(2)看与从句谓语的搭配；
(3)看句意。
即时训练II
1.For instance, TCM uses about 1，000 plant and 36 animal species, including the tiger, rhinoceros, and sea horse, ________ are all in danger.
2. Professor Cao Xue, ________ is in charge of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics mascot design team, told the CMG the story.
3. The six greatest 18th－century carved marble (大理石) sculptures in the East Sculpture Hall ________ sustained the most damage will receive conservation treatment.
4.(2022·张家口一模)This story about self－respect and self－love, ________ characters are Chinese, is set in Europe.
5. ________ is described in Paragraph 4, taking a small kid to a half－hour Story Time allows the parent to enjoy quiet reading.
6. The reason ________ this traditional flatbread happening to be popular among the ethnic groups here lies in its being easy to bake, store and transport.
7. Wherever you go in Xinjiang, whether north or south of the Tianshan Mountains, you’ll notice small stands ________some crispy and delicious nang is sold.
8.The government has also introduced a new proposal in order to limit the amount of after－school education kids can attend, especially during holidays and festivals, ________ kids should be having fun.
9.Nowadays an increasing number of people in various parts of China have begun to celebrate their flower festival again, some of ________， dressed in hanfu , a type of traditional Chinese costume, perform a series of ceremonies.
10. Last year, Cambridge University Library announced that two of Charles Darwin’s notebooks had been missing from their collection, one of ________ contains Darwin’s “Tree of Life” sketch.
② 名词性从句
(1)从句不缺任何成分且句子意义完整，考虑用that引导。
(2)从句不缺成分，表“是否”时，用whether引导名词性从句，if只可用于动词后的宾语从句中。
(3)分析句子结构，缺少主语、宾语、表语时用连接代词what，who, whom, which, whatever，whichever，whoever等。
(4)缺少状语(结合句意判断)时用连接副词where (表地点)，when (表时间)，how (表方式或程度)，why (表原因)等。
(5)it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句要牢记。
即时训练III
1.________ reading habits have changed can be felt from the amount of time young people spend sweeping through short videos on their smartphones.
2. There is a general belief ________ more Chinese people will enjoy the Spring Festival in space in the future.
3.(天津卷)She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
4. But there is some debate over ________ it was NOLA or Mobile, Alabama that had the first Mardi Gras back in the 1700s.
5. ________ they found is that as the repeats accumulated, the participants rated the sounds as being more tuneful.
6.The tiger is ________ stands for strength and energy in traditional Chinese culture.
7.(2022·深圳调研)Since the birds are able to do ________ we are much more able to do than them, we should do this by ourselves.
8. Researchers hope this new site can tell people ________ money developed.
9.(北京卷)What students do at college seems to matter much more than ________ they go.
10. It’s reported ________ few couples complained when the Covid－19 forced Saudi Arabia to place some limitations.
11. It is assumed, for a person to be healthy, ________ yin and yang forces should be in balance.
③ 状语从句
1.句意法确定状语从句的从属连词(1)while/when/as/since/before/after/until引导的时间状语从句
(2)if/unless/once引导的条件状语从句
(3)though/although/while/as/whatever/whoever/however引导的让步状语从句
(4)where/wherever引导的地点状语从句
(5)because/since/as引导的原因状语从句
2.固定句式法确定状语从句的从属连词(1)so/such...that...如此……以至于……
(2)not...until...直到……才……
(3)It was/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...过了多少时间才/没过多长时间就……
(4)It is some time(一段时间)＋since...自从……多长时间
(5)whether...or not...无论……还是……，引导让步状语从句
即时训练IV
1. Apart from that, the decorated resumes do little help to find a job ________ most HR managers pay more attention to skills.
2. ________ the factory was a later addition, it proved that subsequently dedicated coin mints were built somewhere in China from the very beginning.
3. Natural bird habitats are most commonly found ________ there is an ample supply of water for drinking, swimming and bathing.
4.(2020·浙江1月卷)I was running so fast ____________ I bounced off the trunk and landed on my backside.
5. Without complex decorations, it combines buildings with scenery so well ________ the whole garden appears to be naturally endowed (赋予).
6. ________ you agree or not, the saying does reflect its vital role in the city’s evolution(演变).
详解答案
即时训练I答案
1.neither [根据后面的“she nor her husband”可知，此处为neither...nor...结构。所以用neither。]
2.and [句意：BioPod不需要任何土壤来种植植物，而且那里绝大多数的水都是循环利用的。前后句之间是并列关系。]
3.but [句意：在以雪花为主题的开幕式上，奥运圣火很小，但圣火传递了绿色奥运的重要信息。由“small”和“the flames conveyed significant messages”可知，前后是转折关系，空格处用表示转折的but。]
4.but [句意：严肃地说，时不时远离屏幕不仅对孩子的健康有好处，对每个人都有好处。固定短语not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”。]
5.so [句意：将塑料再次从水中取出几乎是不可能的，因此政策制定者首先应该专注于防止更多塑料进入海洋。根据语境和句意可知，此空前后两句有因果关系，应用连词so。]
即时训练II答案
1.which [句意：例如，传统中医使用大约1 000种植物和36种动物，包括老虎，犀牛和海马，它们都处于危险之中。根据句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，引导词用which，指代先行词about 1，000 plant and 36 animal species，在从句中作主语。]
2.who [句意：北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物设计团队负责人曹雪教授向CMG讲述了这个故事。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Professor Cao Xue，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。]
3.that [句意：受损最严重的东方雕塑馆的6座18世纪最伟大的大理石雕塑将接受保护处理。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词sculptures是物，且被最高级greatest修饰，因此空格处用关系代词that，故填that。]
4.whose [句意：这个关于自尊和自爱的故事，主人公是中国人，故事发生在欧洲。此处考查非限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词为This story，先行词与characters为所属关系，设空处应用关系代词whose。]
5.As [句意：正如第四段所述，带一个小孩看半小时的故事可以让家长享受安静的阅读。as “正如”符合语境。]
6.why [句意：这种传统的大饼之所以能在这里的少数民族中流行，是因为它易于烘烤、储存和运输。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作原因状语，表示“由于这个原因”，应使用关系副词why引导该定语从句。]
7.where [句意：在新疆，无论你走到哪里，无论是在天山的北边还是南边，你都会看到一些卖酥脆可口的馕的小摊。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stands，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些小摊上”，应使用关系副词where引导该定语从句。]
8.when [句意：政府还提出了一项新的建议，以限制孩子们可以参加的课外教育的数量，特别是在假期和节日期间，孩子们本应该享受乐趣。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是holidays and festivals，在从句中作时间状语，要用关系副词when引导。]
9.whom [分析句子结构可知，“Nowadays...again”是一个完整的句子，后面是“不定代词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。该从句的先行词是people,空前有some of , 故关系代词只能用whom。]
10.which [句意：去年，剑桥大学图书馆宣布，查尔斯·达尔文的两本笔记本从他们的收藏中丢失了，其中一本里有达尔文的“生命之树”素描。分析句子结构可知，空处指代“two of Charles Darwin’s notebooks”，因此空后是“数词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是物，故填which。]
即时训练III答案
1.That [考查主语从句。句意：阅读习惯的改变可以从年轻人用手机浏览视频的时间感觉到。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句引导词，从句中不缺少任何成分且意义完整，填That。]
2.that [考查同位语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，将来会有更多的中国人在太空过春节。此处为同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。]
3.if/whether [考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，但句意不完整，故用if或whether表示“是否”。]
4.whether [考查宾语从句。句意：但是，在18世纪的时候，究竟是诺拉还是亚拉巴马州的莫比尔举办了第一次狂欢节，这还存在一些争论。空处引导宾语从句，根据后文“it was NOLA or Mobile”可知为whether...or...，表示“是……还是……”。]
5.What [考查主语从句。句意：他们发现，随着重复次数的积累，参与者认为这些声音更加悦耳。在主语从句中缺少found的宾语，根据“that as the repeats accumulated, the participants rated the sounds as being more tuneful”可知，此处应用连接代词what表示“什么”。句首首字母应大写。]
6.what [考查表语从句。句意：在中国传统文化中，老虎代表力量和活力。连接代词what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的人/事/物”。分析句子可知，空格后是表语从句，从句引导词在从句中作主语，表示“代表力量和活力的动物”。综上，应用连接代词what引导该表语从句。]
7.what [考查宾语从句。句意：既然鸟类能做我们比它们更有能力做的事，我们就应该自己做。分析句子成分可知，此处do后是一个宾语从句，宾语从句中缺宾语，应用连接代词what，表示“我们比它们更有能力做的事”。]
8.how [考查宾语从句。句意：研究人员希望这个新网站可以告诉人们钱是如何发展的。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，应用how。]
9.where [考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里(哪所大学)更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。]
10.that [考查主语从句。句意：据报道，当Covid－19迫使沙特阿拉伯实施一些限制时，很少有夫妇抱怨。“It’s reported that...”表示据报道，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，在从句中起到连接的作用。]
11.that [考查主语从句。句意：人们认为，为了使一个人健康，阴阳力量应该平衡。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查It is assumed that。其中It作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语，引导词that不可以省略。]
即时训练IV答案
1.because [句意：除此之外，装饰华丽的简历对找工作几乎没有帮助，因为大多数人力资源经理更注重技能。由“resumes do little help to find a job”和“most HR managers pay more attention to skills”可知，空格处意为“因为”，故填because。]
2.While/Although/Though [句意：虽然工厂是后来增加的，它证明了后来专用铸币厂从一开始就在中国的某个地方建造。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”可用while、although或though，句首单词首字母要大写。]
3.where [句意：有充足的水可供饮用、游泳和洗澡是天然的鸟类最常见的栖息地。空格前后都是句子，结合句意可知，从句是主句动作发生的地方，故填where。]
4.that [句意：我跑得如此快以至于我撞到树干上被弹回来，仰面朝天摔倒在地上。根据句意可知，空格处及后面的内容为that引导的结果状语从句，故填that。]
5.that [so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。]
6.Whether [句意：不管你是否同意，这句话确实反映了它在城市发展中的重要作用。whether...or not...无论……还是……，符合语境。]
