这一周，继续整理英语中的连读技巧。

相关内容从BBC出品的《Tim's Pronunciation Workshop》整理，视频连接如下：

https://www.bilibili.com/video/av48348912?p=1

P1:

When a word ends in a vowel sound and /d/ and the next word starts with /b/, the /d/ changes to /b/ and merges with the following /b/.

条件：第一个单词以元音+/d/为结尾，后面单词以/b/为开始；

结论：第一个的/d/改为/b/，并与第二个单词的/b/重合

1.speed boat

2.My son is a really good boy.

3.I'm sorry if I was rude before.

4.My car had to be towed back to the garage.

5.You should buy him a present.

6.He said he'd buy me a boat.

P2:

When a word ends in /d/ and the next word begins with /k/ or /g/, the /d/ can change to /g/.

条件：第一个单词以/d/为结尾，第二个单词以/k/或/g/为开始；

结论：第一个单词的/d/改为/g/

1.He's really a good cook.

2.Last night we had guests for dinner.

3.Can you print out a hard copy?

4.I'd love to walk down the red carpet one day.

5.bad girl

P3:

When a word ends in /n/ and the next word begins with /p/,/b/,/w/ or /m/, the /n/ may change to /m/.

条件：第一个单词以/n/为结尾，第二个单词以/p/或/b/或/w/或/m/为开始；

结论：第一个单词的/n/改为/m/

1.Is it on Buckingham Palace Road?

2. Green park

3.I own ten pairs of socks.

4.He didn't do it on purpose.

5.I would love to live in Paris.

6.Can you come on Wednesday?

P4:

When a word ends in /s/ and the next begins with /j/ or /∫/, the /s/ can change to /∫/

Remember: in a word ending in /st/, the /t/ ususally disappears before a consonnat.

条件：第一个单词以/s/为结尾，第二个单词以/j/ 或 /∫/为开始；

结论：第一个单词的/s/与第二个单词的/j/或/∫/，合在一起变为/∫/

注意：第一个单词以/st/为结尾，第二个单词以辅音为开始时，/t/通常不发音

1.It's jus(t) yoghurt.

2.Can you jus(t) shut the door, please?

3.This yacht is beautiful.

4.Don't worry, that's usual.

5.He always makes you feel good.

6.This shirt

P5:

If a word ends in the sound /t/ and the next word begins with /j/, both sounds may come together to make /t∫/

条件：第一个单词以/t/为结尾，第二个单词以/j/为开始

结论：/t/和/j/合成/t∫/

1.You can't always get what you want...

2.Nice to meet you.

3.That shirt won't suit you.

4.Don't you want to come to the party?

5.I bet your boss doesn't know.

6.Can I get you anything?

P6:

When a word ends in /t/ and the next word begins with /p/, the two sounds come together with the /t/ changing to /p/.

条件：第一个单词以/t/为结尾，第二个单词以/p/为开始

结论：/t/和/p/合成/p/

1.I think I have a split personality.

2.White piece of paper

3.There are lots of great parks in London.

4.I love split pea soup.

5.I hate potatoes.

6.My mate picked us up from the airpot.

P7:

If the sound /t/ comes after a vowel and before /k/, it can change to /k/.

条件：第一个单词以元音+/t/为结尾，第二个单词以/k/为开始

结论：第一个单词的/t/改为/k/

1.If you want to maintain your street cred...

2.Don't let it get cold.

3.You have to do it quickly.

4.There is no short cut to learning a language.

5.I didn't like that cake.

P8:

When a word ends in a consonant sound and the next word begins with a vowe sound, the two words can link together.

条件：第一个单词以辅音为结尾，第二个单词以元音为开始

结论：这个音连在一起发音

1.It is a hard boiled egg, isn't it?

2.He's in the garden.

3.I used to believe in Father Christmas, but not any more.

4.I had to give up jogging.

5.He had it in his office.

P9:

When a /t/ sound comes between two consonant sounds, it is oftern not pronounced.

条件：/t/位于两个辅音之间

结论：/t/通常不发音

1.Is that the time? I must go.

2.I can't stand the rain.

3.It must be time to leave.

4.Am I the first person here?

5.I don't want it.

P10:

When 'from' is in the middle of a sentence and not stressed, it is often pronounced in its weak. from:/fr∂m/.

条件：'from'位于句中，且不需强调

结论：'from'发音为/fr∂m/

1.I think I've learnt from my mistakes.

2.I borrowed it from my brother.

3.I read the book from cover to cover.

4.The nearest post office is not far from here.

5.Come over any time from 7 o'clock.

P11:

When the verb 'have to' means to an obligation, 'have' is pronounced /hæf/ and 'to' is pronounced /t∂/.

条件：'have to' 作为表示责任的短语

结论：'have to'发音为/hæftǝ/

1.I have to catch 40 winks. have to : /hæftǝ/

2.They have to be there by 10.

3.We have to find another flat.

4.You have to tell me the gossip.

5.I always have to take the train.

P12:

When 'and' is an unstressed conjunction, the /d/ sound at the end is often not pronounced and the /æ/ becomes /ǝ/ or is not pronounced at all.

条件：'and'作为不需强调的连接词

结论：'and'发音为/ǝn/或/n/

1.Angry sharks eat fish 'n' ships. ('n' is 'and')

2.fish 'n' ships

3.I'm going to go and(/n/) get the shopping.

4.Apples and(/n/) oranges are my favourite fruits.

5.I've been thinking and(/ǝn/ ) thinking 

P13:

When the auxiliary 'been' is unstressed, its pronunciation changes from /bi:n/ to /bin/.

条件：'been'不需强调

结论：'been'发音为/bin/

1.I should've been more careful.

2.I've been working for several years.

3.How long have you been waiting?

4.It's been years since I went to the cinema.

5.What've you been since we last met?

P14:

When the modal auxiliary 'can' is not stressed, the pronunciation changes from /kæn/ to /kǝn/(also written as /kn/).

条件：情态助动词'can'不需强调

结论：'can'发音为/kǝn/

1.We can eat cat food, can't we?

2.Can you help me bring in the shopping, please?

3.I can swim furthr than I can run.

4.You can succeed if you work hard.

5.How far can you throw a tennis ball?

P15:

When a plosive (/d/,/t/,/b/,/p/,/k/,/g/) comes before another consonant sound, the plosive is not fully pronounced as the release of the blocked air is not heard.

条件：第一个单词以爆破音/d/,/t/,/b/,/p/,/k/,/g/为结尾，第二个单词以辅音为开始

结论：爆破音不发出气流，只保留口型

1.I hurt my finger.

2.'I'd like to' becomes /aiv d lai tǝ/

3.How about a quick check?

4.You should thank her.

5.It was a sad time in his life.

6.Why don't you sit down?

7.'I'd like to' becomes /i lai tǝ/ 

P16:

When the auxiliary 'have' is contractd after a consonant sound, it is pronounced /ǝv/.

条件：辅音+'have'，且'have'为缩写式

结论：'have'发音为/ǝv/

1.I shoud've read the instructions.

2.'I'd have been late' becomes 'I'd've been late'.

3.Your parcel should've been deliverved yesterday.

4.I would've done it differently.

5.We might've made a mistake.

6.The police've arrived.

P17:

At the beginning of a sentence or clause, 'he' is pronounced /hi:/. In the middle of a sentence or clause and after a consonant, the /h/ is often not pronounced. The same is true for words like 'his','him' and 'her'.

条件：'he'位于句子或从句的句首

结论：'he'发音为/hi:/

条件：'he','his','him','her'位于句中

结论：/h/不发音

1.I think I'll give him a ring.

2.I really like his cooking.

3.We think he's left the country.

4.They let him leave early.

5.They offered her promotion.

P18:

When a word ends in /u:/ and the next word begins with a vowel sound, the two words can link together with a small /w/ sound.

条件：第一个单词以/u:/为结尾，第二个单词以元音为开始

结论：两个音之间增加/w/来连接，/w/发音非常轻微

1.I must put my other shoe /w/ on.

2.The shoe /w/ is on the wrong foot. 'The shoewis'

3.When do I have to be here?

4.I haven't got a clue at all.

5.That glue is really strong.

P19:

/nd/ changes to /m/ before the consonants /b/,/p/,/m/,/w/.

条件：/nd/+/b/或/p/或/m/或/w/

结论：/nd/发为/m/

1.It was hand made,just for me.

2.sandwich

3.My grandparents have been married for 50 years.

4.I got a standby ticket.

5.The band played until midnight.

6.I left my handbag on the train.

P20：

/ǝ/- schwa

/ǝ/ is the most common sound in English: it's never stressed and is in all kinds of words from articles and prepositions to nouns with more than one syllable.

结论：/ǝ/是英语中最常见的一个发音：它从不重读，在冠词、介词和多音节名词中都存在

1.a cup of coffee : /ǝ/ cup /ǝ/ coffee

2.a piece of cake: /ǝ/ piece /ǝ/ cake

3.I like a cup of tea in the morning.

4.Could you get me a packet of biscuits?

5.Can you give it to me?

6.I had an apple for lunch today.

7.That was a mistake, but a tasty one.

P21:

When a word ends in an /Ɔ:/ sound and the next word begins with a vowel sound, an /r/ sound is sometimes added, even if there is no 'r' in the spelling.

条件：第一个单词以/Ɔ:/ 为结尾，第二个单词以为元音开始

结论：/r/将两个单词连接起来发音 

1.I saw (r) a good film last night.

2.law (r)and order

3.Can you draw (r) a circle freehand?

4.My dog hurt its paw (r) on some broken glass.

5.There was a flaw (r) in the argument.

P22:

When a word ends in /ai/,/i:/,/ei/,/Ɔi/ and the next word begins with a vowel, a small /j/ sound can link the words together.

条件：第一个单词以/ai/,/i:/,/ei/,/Ɔi/ 为结尾，第二个单词以元音开始

结论：/j/将两个单词连接起来发音 

1.Now you see /j/ it...

2.I /j/ always

3.When I go on holiday, I just want to lie /j/ on the beach.

4.The /j/ end of the film was brilliant.

5.I /j/ ate the whole cake in one go.

6.It was too high /j/ up for me to reach.

P23:

Words that are spelt with an 'r' at the end ,use the /r/ sound to link to the next word if that word begins with a vowel.

条件：第一个单词以字母'r’为结尾，到二个单词以元音为开始

结论：/r/将两个单词连接起来发音

1.Can somebody call for an ambulance?

2.War and Peace (/wƆ:rƏn/ /pi:s/)

3.You know I really like my mother-in-law?

4.Have you been to the Tower of London?

5.You've got something in your eye.

6.Never again.

P24:

When a word ends in /s/ and the next word begins with /s/, the two sounds come together.

条件：第一个单词以/s/ 为结尾，第二个单词以/s/ 为开始

结论：两个音重合，只发一次/s/ 

1.He really is stupid.

2.He looks sad.

3.She's silly.

4.He's sitting over there.

5.Can you come this Saturday?

6.That's so unfair!

P25:

When a word ends in /t/ and the next begins with /t/, the two /t/ sounds can join together to make one sound.

条件：第一个单词以/t/ 为结尾，第二个单词以/t/ 为开始

结论：两个音重合，只发一次/t/

1.It takes two to tango.

2.You're great too.

3.It took him twenty years to get to the top.

4.You don't have to cheat to pass the test.

5.You were right to be upset.

6.We took the overnight train to Venice.

P26:

When 'was' and 'were' are unstressed, they are pronounced with schwa as /wƏz/and /wƏ/.

条件：'was'不重读，'were'不重读

结论：'was'发音为/wƏz/，'were'发音为/wƏ/

1.You were thinking I was going to have an accident.

2.I was there when it happened.

3.We were delighted with the results.

4.We were having a good time until it rained.

5.He was feeling much better last night.

P27:

summery:

1.mashed potato : /mæ∫pƏ'teitƏu/

2.an egg: /æneg/

3.the shoe is : the shoe /w/is 

4.It takes two:/it:eiks/

5.Green park:/gri:m pa:k/

6.I'd have been late: /aidƏv bin leit/

7.A piece of cake: /Ə pi:sƏ keik/

P28：

When unstressed, the pronunciation of 'the' before a consonant sound is /ȝƏ/.Before a vowel sound it's /ȝi:/.

条件：'the'不重读

结论：'the'在辅音前发音为/ȝƏ/，在元音前发音为/ȝi:/

1.The lids aren't always the easiest to open.

2.The /j/ orange

3.In a restaurant, I always order the apple pie.

4.I thinks the autumn is the best time of year.

5.The earlier I get up, the happier I am.

6.It's the one over there.

P29：elision

When a /d/ sound comes between two consonant sounds, it is often not pronounced.

条件：/d/在两个辅音之间

结论：/d/不发音

1.I peel(ed) my finger.

2.steam(ed) potato

3.boil(ed) potato

4.My best frien(d) let me borrow his car.

5.Don't hol(d) back, say what you mean.

6.His bike roll(ed) down the hill without him.

P30:assimilation:/d/ + /j/

When a word ends in a vowel sound then /d/ and the next word begins with /j/, the /d/ and /j/ can join together and change to /dȝ/.

条件：第一个单词以元音+/d/为结尾，第二个单词以/j/为开始

结论：/d/和/j/合在一起，发音为/dȝ/

1.Would you give a guy a break?

2.'would you' becomes /wouldȝ u:/ or even /wouldȝƏ/

3.I'm sad you decided to quit.

4.Could you get here by midnight?

5.Should you see him, can you give him a message?

6.I don't think the gold you bought was real.