Leonardo da Vinci 2
Leonardo’s early drawings and paintings demonstrated a rare talent.
ps:列奥纳多早期的绘画作品显示出一种罕见的才能。
Leonardo莱奥纳尔多
early早期的; 初期的; 早先的; 早到的; 提前的; 提早的; 在早期; 在初期; 在开始阶段; 提早; 提前; 先前; 早些时候; …之前
drawings图画; 素描画; 绘画; 制图; drawing的复数
paintings绘画; 油画; 作画; 涂漆; 刷油漆; painting的复数
demonstrated证明; 证实; 论证; 说明; 表达; 表露; 表现; 显露; 示范; 演示; demonstrate的过去分词和过去式
rare talent不世之才
His father and his father’s friends recognized his talent and encouraged him.
When he was 15, he was sent to Florence.
In Florence, he became an apprentice to a famous master painter.
ps:在佛罗伦萨，他成了一位著名画家的学徒。
Florence佛罗伦萨; 弗洛伦斯
became开始变得; 变成; 适合; 与…相称; 使显得漂亮; 使好看; become的过去式
apprentice to送给当学徒
famous著名的; 出名的
master主人，雇主; 主宰; 主人; 有控制力的人; 能手; 擅长…者; 精通; 掌握; 控制; 熟练的，灵巧的，有技能的; 最大的; 最重要的
painter油漆匠; 画家; 缆绳
For the next few years, Leonardo worked at his master’s workshop.
It wasn’t long before his ability surpassed that of his master.
ps:不久他的能力就超过了他的师傅。
long before很久以前
his他的; 上帝的; 属于上帝的; 属于他的
ability能力; 才能; 本领; 才智
surpassed超过; 胜过; 优于; surpass的过去分词和过去式
master主人，雇主; 主宰; 主人; 有控制力的人; 能手; 擅长…者; 精通; 掌握; 控制; 熟练的，灵巧的，有技能的; 最大的; 最重要的
Some people say that his master became jealous of Leonardo’s great talent.
They say that the master vowed to never paint again!
ps：据说大师发誓再也不画画了！
master主人，雇主; 主宰; 主人; 有控制力的人; 能手; 擅长…者; 精通; 掌握; 控制; 熟练的，灵巧的，有技能的; 最大的; 最重要的
vowed起誓; 立誓; 发誓; vow的过去分词和过去式
paint油漆; 油漆涂层; 绘画颜料; 在…上刷油漆; 用颜料画; 把…描绘成
again再一次; 又一次; 返回原处; 复原; 增加; 多
In 1478, with his father’s help, Leonardo set up his own workshop.
Exercises:
1.what did his early drawings and paintings demostrate?
a rare talent in art
2.It wasn’t long before his ability surpassed that of his master.
In 1482, he entered the service of a powerful man in the city of Milan.
This man was the Duke of Milan.
For the next few years Leonardo designed buildings, machinery and weapons of war.
ps:在接下来的几年里，莱昂纳多设计了建筑、机械和战争武器。
next下一个的; 紧接着的; 接下来的; 紧随其后的; 紧接着; 随后; 其次的; 依次的; 仅次于…的; 用于询问，表示吃惊或困惑; 下一位; 下一个; 下一件
few不多，很少; 有些，几个; 很少人; 有些; 一些; 不和…一般多; 少于
Leonardo莱奥纳尔多
designed设计; 制图; 构思; 计划; 筹划; 制订; 制造; 意欲; design的过去分词和过去式
buildings建筑物; 房子; 楼房; 建筑; 建筑业; building的复数
machinery机器; 大型机器; 机器的运转部分; 机械装置; 组织; 机构;
Weapons were important because Italy was constantly at war during this period.
From 1485 to 1490, Leonardo produced designs for a variety of weapons.
In his notes, he predicted the development of advanced weapons such as submarines and flying machines.
ps:在他的笔记中，他预言了诸如潜艇和飞行器等先进武器的发展。
his他的; 上帝的; 属于上帝的; 属于他的
notes笔记; 记录; 短笺; 便条; 注释; 按语; 批注; 注意; 留意; 指出; 特别提到; note的第三人称单数和复数
predicted预言; 预告; 预报; predict的过去分词和过去式
advanced先进的; 高级的; 高等的; 晚期的，后期的; 前进，行进; 发展，进步; 促进; 推动; advance的过去分词和过去式
weapons武器; 兵器; 凶器; 手段，工具; weapon的第三人称单数和复数
such as例如; 像; 象…这样; 诸如…之类
submarines潜艇; 潜艇三明治，长卷三明治; submarine的第三人称单数和复数
flying能飞的; 乘飞机; 飞行; 飞行器驾驶; 飞; 飞翔; 飞行，航行; 航行，飞行; fly的现在分词
machines机器; 机械装置; 核心机构; 制造，加工成型; machine的第
In 1499, the French invaded Italy and Leonardo left Milan.
Exercises:
1.why were weapons important at that time?
italy was constantly at war.
2.what kind of advanced weapons did he predict?
submarines and flying machines.
3.In 1499, the French invaded Italy and Leonardo left Milan.
Altogether, Leonardo spent 17 years in Milan.
During this period, he spent much of his time studying nature.
He dissected bodies, both human and animal, to study and illustrate anatomy.
ps:他解剖人体和动物，研究和说明解剖学。
dissected解剖; 仔细研究; 详细评论; 剖析; 把…分成小块; dissect的过去分词和过去式
bodies身体; 躯体; 躯干; 尸体; 死尸; body的第三人称单数和复数
human人的; 显示人类特有弱点的; 人本性的; 有人情味的; 通人情的; 人
animal兽; 牲畜; 动物; 肉体的; 肉欲的; 情欲的
study学习; 研究; 功课; 课业; 学业; 用于某些学科名称; 攻读; 审视; 端详; 细看; 调查
illustrate加插图于; 给做图表; 说明，解释; 表明…真实; 显示…存在
anatomy解剖学; 结构，解剖; 人体
His detailed illustrations are masterpieces.
ps:他的详细插图是杰作。
detailed详细的; 细致的; 精细的; 详细列举; 详细说明; 详述; 派遣; 选派; 分遣; 彻底清洗; detail的过去分词和过去式
illustrations图表，插图; 图解; 图示; 例释; 故事，实例，示例; illustration的复数
masterpieces代表作; 杰作; 名著; masterpiece的复数
Leonardo filled many notebooks with drawings and ideas.
He wrote backwards so you need a mirror to read them.
ps:他倒着写，所以你需要一面镜子来读。
wrote书写; 写字; 写作; 作曲; 编写; 写信; write的过去式
backwards向后; 朝反方向; 倒着; 每况愈下地
need需要; 必需; 有必要; 必须; 特别需要; 迫切要求; 需要的事物; 欲望
mirror镜子; 写照; 反映某种情况的事物; 反映; 映照; 反射
read识字; 阅读; 读懂; 读; 朗读; 读到; 查阅到; 读书; 好的读物; 好书; 博学的; 熟知的; 精通的
them他们; 她们; 它们; 指性别不详的人时，用以代替him或her
Exercises:
1.why do you need a mirror to read his notebooks?
he wrote backwards.
2.He dissected bodies, both human and animal, to study and illustrate anatomy.
3.When he was 15, he was sent to Florence.
4.His detailed illustrations are masterpieces.
5.he predicted the development of advanced weapons such as submarines and flying machines.
After 1500, Leonardo spent time in a number of Italian cities.
He worked very slowly, and the range of his interests was very wide.
As a result, Leonardo left many paintings and projects unfinished.
One painting that he did finish was the Mona Lisa, one of the world’s most famous paintings.
People are still interested in this painting, 500 years after he painted it.
Though there are many theories, nobody knows who the woman in the painting really was.
Exercises:
1.who was the woman in the painting?
nobody knows for sure.
2.what are people still interested in?
the Mona Lisa
3.People are still interested in this painting, 500 years after he painted it.
In 1516 Leonardo left Italy for good when the French King, Francis I, offered him a position.
ps:1516年，法国国王弗朗西斯一世向莱昂纳多提供了一个职位，莱昂纳多从此永远离开了意大利。
Leonardo莱奥纳尔多
left左边的; 左边; 左方; 左; 左边的第一条路; 左转弯; 离开; 离开居住地点; 遗弃; 丢弃; leave的过去分词和过去式; 向左; 在左边
Italy意大利
for good永远; 永久
when什么时候; 何时; 什么情况下; 什么场合下; 在那时; 其时; 当时; 当场; 在…时候; 当…时; 在…期间; 在…之后; 在任何…时候
French法国的; 法国人的; 法语的; 法语
King君主；国王; 君主; 国王
Francis弗朗西斯（男子教名，源于拉丁语，亦作姓用；简称Fraunce或Frank；它的法语形式是Fran⑩ois；意大利语形式是Francesco；西班牙语形式是Francisco；德语形式是Franz）
offered主动提出; 自愿给予; 提供; 供应; 奉献，祭献; offer的过去分词和过去式
position位置; 地方; 恰当位置; 正确位置; 姿态，姿势; 放置方式; 安装; 安置;
There, he had the freedom to paint and draw whatever he wanted.
Leonardo died in 1519, at the age of 67.
Some say that the French King, who had become a close friend, was with him when he died.
He was buried in a church which was destroyed during the French Revolution.
The exact location of his remains is unknown.
ps:他的遗体具体位置不详。
exact精确的; 准确的; 严谨的; 严格的; 一丝不苟的; 精密的; 严密的; 要求; 索取; 迫使; 强迫; 强求
location地方; 地点; 位置; 外景拍摄地; 定位
remains剩余物; 残留物; 剩饭菜; 古代遗物; 古迹; 遗迹; 遗址; 遗体; 遗骸; 仍然是; 保持不变; 剩余; 遗留; 继续存在; 仍需去做; remain的第三人称单数
unknown未知的; 不详的; 未被确认的; 不出名的; 无名的;
Exercises:
1.how old was he when he died?
at the age of 67.
2.who was with him when he was died?
the king of france, francis i
3.He was buried in a church which was destroyed during the French Revolution.
4.There, he had the freedom to paint and draw whatever he wanted.
5.The exact location of his remains is unknown.
6.People are still interested in this painting, 500 years after he painted it.
