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通过设置简单的队列模型，应用到ATM机上去模拟一些数据的获取，详细的代码如下：
//description.h
#ifndef _DESCRIPTION_H_
#define _DESCRIPTION_H_
#include
const int MAX_QUEUE = 100;
using namespace std;
class Customer
{
private:
long processtime;
long begin_time;
public:
Customer(){ processtime = 0; begin_time = 0; }
~Customer(){}
void set(long t);
long get_bt(){ return begin_time; }
long get_pt(){ return processtime; }
};
typedef Customer Item;
class Queue
{
private:
struct Node
{
Item item;
Node *next;
};
Node *front, *rear;
int num;
const int Max_num;
Queue(const Queue &q):Max_num(0){}
Queue & operator=(const Queue &q){ return *this; }
public:
Queue(int Size=MAX_QUEUE);
~Queue();
bool isempty() const { return num==0; }
bool isfull()const { return num == Max_num; }
int get_num() const { return num; }
bool pushQ(const Item&);
bool popQ(Item&);
};
#endif //_DESCRIPTION_H_
//define.cpp
/**
*Copyright U+00A9 2018 XXXXX. All Right Reserved.
*Filename:
*Author:XXXXXX
*Date:2018.12.01
*Version:VS 2013
*Description:
**/
#include
//#include
#include"description.h"
using namespace std;
void Customer::set(long t)
{
processtime = rand() % 3 + 1;//随机生成1~3之间的数,代表每个顾客的处理时间
begin_time = t;
}
Queue::Queue(int Size):Max_num(Size)//对于数据成员为引用&或者非静态const的必须利用初始化列表
{
front = rear = nullptr;
num = 0;
}
Queue::~Queue()//将剩余队列中的数据删除，释放内存空间
{
Node *temp;
while (front != nullptr)
{
temp = front;
front = front->next;
delete temp;
}
cout << "The rest object is erased!" << endl;
}
bool Queue::pushQ(const Item &item)
{
if (isfull()) return false;
Node *temp = new Node;
temp->item = item;
temp->next = nullptr;
if (front == nullptr)
front = temp;
else
rear->next = temp;
rear = temp;
++num;
return true;
}
bool Queue::popQ(Item &item)
{
if (isempty()) return false;
Node *temp;
temp = front;
item = front->item;
front = front->next;
delete temp;
--num;
if (num == 0) rear = nullptr;
return true;
}
//main.cpp
/**
*Copyright U+00A9 2018 XXXXXX. All Right Reserved.
*Filename:
*Author:XXXXXXX
*Date:2018.12.01
*Version:VS 2013
*Description:
**/
#include
#include
#include"windows.h"
#include"description.h"
#include
using namespace std;
bool newcustomer(double);
int main()
{
srand(time(0));
cout << "Enter maximum size of queue: ";
int qs;
cin >> qs;
Queue line(qs);
cout << "Enter the number of simulation hours: ";
int hours;
cin >> hours;
long cyclelimit = 60 * hours;
cout << "Enter the average number of customers per hour: ";
double perhour;
cin >> perhour;
double min_per_cus = 60.0 / perhour;//计算多少分钟来一个办理者
Item temp;
long turnaway = 0;
long customers = 0;
long served = 0;
long sum_line = 0;
int wait_time = 0;
long line_wait = 0;
for (int cycle = 0; cycle < cyclelimit; cycle++)//将总共时间分成若干个1分钟
{
if (newcustomer(min_per_cus))
{
if (line.isfull())
turnaway++;//如果队列满了，此时新顾客将会离去
else
{
customers++;
temp.set(cycle);//将第cycle分钟设置为顾客的初始时间
line.pushQ(temp);
}
}
if (wait_time <= 0 && !line.isempty())//如果队列不为空并且前一个顾客已经办理好wait_time<=0
{
line.popQ(temp);//出队列
wait_time = temp.get_pt();//重新设置新顾客的办理时间
line_wait += cycle - temp.get_bt();//整个队列等待一个人办好业务所经历的时间
++served;//已经办理好的人数加1
}
if (wait_time > 0)
--wait_time;//按每分钟为单位等前一个顾客办理好
sum_line += line.get_num();//所有时刻队列的长度总和
}
if (customers > 0)
{
cout << "customers accepted: " << customers << endl;
cout << "customers served: " << served << endl;
cout << "turnaways: " << turnaway << endl;
cout << "average queue size: ";
cout.precision(2);
cout.setf(ios_base::fixed, ios_base::floatfield);
cout << double(sum_line / cyclelimit) << endl;
cout << "average wait time: "
<< double(line_wait / served) << "minutes";
}
else
cout << "no customers!";
cout << "Done!";
system("pause");
return 0;
}
bool newcustomer(double x)//通过此函数来模拟每分钟是否来新顾客
{
return rand()*x / RAND_MAX < 1;
}
Note:对于数据成员为引用或者是非静态const类型，都必须对于构造函数采用初始化列表形式去赋值
程序运行结果如下图
