常用的 50 个英语动词 变化形式

小学至高中阶段最常用的 50 个英语动词,完整列出其:

  • 原型(Base Form)
  • 第三人称单数(3rd Person Singular)
  • 过去式(Past Tense)
  • 过去分词(Past Participle)
  • 动名词/现在分词(-ing Form)
  • to do 不定式(Infinitive)

并附上 中文意思 + 英文例句 + 中文翻译,全部例句简洁、实用,适合学习和模仿。

✅ 包含 规则动词不规则动词
✅ 按使用频率排序(前20为超高频核心动词)
✅ 可直接用于写作、口语、语法练习


🔑 动词形式说明:

形式 用途示例
原型 I play football.
单三 He plays football.
过去式 I played yesterday.
过去分词 I have played. / The game was played.
动名词 I enjoy playing.
to do I want to play.

📚 常用动词变形表(50个)

1. be(是)→ 不规则

原型 单三 过去式 过去分词 -ing to do 中文
be is/am/are was/were been being to be
  • 例句: She is a student.
    她是一名学生。
  • 例句: They were happy last night.
    他们昨晚很开心。
  • 例句: I want to be a doctor.
    我想成为一名医生。

2. have(有)→ 不规则

| have | has | had | had | having | to have | 有 |

  • 例句: He has a new bike.
    他有一辆新自行车。
  • 例句: We had lunch at noon.
    我们中午吃了午饭。
  • 例句: She enjoys having tea.
    她喜欢喝茶。

3. do(做)→ 不规则

| do | does | did | done | doing | to do | 做 |

  • 例句: I do my homework every day.
    我每天做作业。
  • 例句: She did well in the test.
    她考试考得很好。
  • 例句: What do you want to do this weekend?
    你周末想做什么?

4. go(去)→ 不规则

| go | goes | went | gone | going | to go | 去 |

  • 例句: He goes to school by bus.
    他坐公交车上学。
  • 例句: We went to the park yesterday.
    我们昨天去了公园。
  • 例句: She has gone home.
    她已经回家了。

5. say(说)→ 不规则

| say | says | said | said | saying | to say | 说 |

  • 例句: She says “hello” every morning.
    她每天早上说“你好”。
  • 例句: He said he was tired.
    他说他累了。

6. get(得到)→ 不规则

| get | gets | got | got/gotten | getting | to get | 得到;变得 |

  • 例句: I get up at 7 a.m.
    我早上7点起床。
  • 例句: She got a gift on her birthday.
    她生日收到了一份礼物。
  • 例句: It’s getting cold.
    天气变冷了。

💡 美式英语常用 gotten(如:I’ve gotten better),英式多用 got


7. make(制作)→ 不规则

| make | makes | made | made | making | to make | 制作;使 |

  • 例句: She makes cakes on Sundays.
    她周日做蛋糕。
  • 例句: He made a mistake.
    他犯了一个错误。
  • 例句: Rain makes the grass green.
    雨水让草变绿。

8. know(知道)→ 不规则

| know | knows | knew | known | knowing | to know | 知道 |

  • 例句: I know the answer.
    我知道答案。
  • 例句: She knew him well.
    她很了解他。
  • 例句: No one knows to know everything.
    没有人什么都知道。

9. think(想)→ 不规则

| think | thinks | thought | thought | thinking | to think | 想;认为 |

  • 例句: He thinks it’s a good idea.
    他认为这是个好主意。
  • 例句: I thought you were late!
    我以为你迟到了!

10. take(拿)→ 不规则

| take | takes | took | taken | taking | to take | 拿;带走 |

  • 例句: Please take your seat.
    请坐。
  • 例句: She took a photo yesterday.
    她昨天拍了一张照片。
  • 例句: I have taken three exams this week.
    我这周已经考了三场试。

11. see(看见)→ 不规则

| see | sees | saw | seen | seeing | to see | 看见 |

  • 例句: I see a bird in the tree.
    我看见树上有只鸟。
  • 例句: We saw a movie last night.
    我们昨晚看了电影。
  • 例句: Have you seen my keys?
    你看到我的钥匙了吗?

12. come(来)→ 不规则

| come | comes | came | come | coming | to come | 来 |

  • 例句: She comes from China.
    她来自中国。
  • 例句: They came to help us.
    他们来帮助我们了。
  • 例句: Spring is coming.
    春天要来了。

13. give(给)→ 不规则

| give | gives | gave | given | giving | to give | 给 |

  • 例句: He gives me a book.
    他给我一本书。
  • 例句: She gave a speech yesterday.
    她昨天做了演讲。
  • 例句: I have given you enough time.
    我已经给了你足够的时间。

14. find(找到)→ 不规则

| find | finds | found | found | finding | to find | 找到 |

  • 例句: I find math difficult.
    我觉得数学很难。
  • 例句: He found his lost dog!
    他找到了他走丢的狗!

15. tell(告诉)→ 不规则

| tell | tells | told | told | telling | to tell | 告诉 |

  • 例句: She tells stories well.
    她讲故事讲得很好。
  • 例句: He told me a secret.
    他告诉了我一个秘密。

16. ask(问)→ 规则

| ask | asks | asked | asked | asking | to ask | 问 |

  • 例句: I ask the teacher questions.
    我向老师提问。
  • 例句: She asked for help.
    她请求帮助。

17. work(工作)→ 规则

| work | works | worked | worked | working | to work | 工作 |

  • 例句: My father works in a hospital.
    我爸爸在医院工作。
  • 例句: I am working on my project.
    我正在做我的项目。

18. seem(似乎)→ 规则

| seem | seems | seemed | seemed | seeming | to seem | 似乎 |

  • 例句: It seems easy.
    它看起来很简单。
  • 例句: She seemed sad yesterday.
    她昨天看起来很伤心。

19. feel(感觉)→ 不规则

| feel | feels | felt | felt | feeling | to feel | 感觉 |

  • 例句: I feel happy today.
    我今天很开心。
  • 例句: He felt sick last week.
    他上周感觉不舒服。

20. try(尝试)→ 规则

| try | tries | tried | tried | trying | to try | 尝试 |

  • 例句: She tries her best.
    她尽最大努力。
  • 例句: I tried to call you.
    我试着给你打电话了。

21–50(简表,保留核心形式)

原型 单三 过去式 过去分词 -ing 中文 例句
leave leaves left left leaving 离开 He left early.
begin begins began begun beginning 开始 Class begins at 8.
keep keeps kept kept keeping 保持 Keep trying!
hold holds held held holding 握住 She held my hand.
write writes wrote written writing I wrote a letter.
stand stands stood stood standing 站立 Don’t stand there!
hear hears heard heard hearing 听见 I heard a noise.
let lets let let letting Let me go.
mean means meant meant meaning 意思是 What does it mean?
meet meets met met meeting 遇见 We met last year.
bring brings brought brought bringing 带来 Bring your book!
buy buys bought bought buying I bought a pen.
send sends sent sent sending 发送 She sent an email.
build builds built built building 建造 They built a house.
pay pays paid paid paying 支付 I paid $10.
sit sits sat sat sitting Sit down, please.
run runs ran run running He runs fast.
lose loses lost lost losing 丢失 I lost my phone.
eat eats ate eaten eating She ate an apple.
drink drinks drank drunk drinking He drank water.
sing sings sang sung singing 唱歌 They sang well.
swim swims swam swum swimming 游泳 I swam in the sea.
break breaks broke broken breaking 打破 He broke the glass.
choose chooses chose chosen choosing 选择 She chose red.
drive drives drove driven driving 驾驶 My dad drives to work.
fly flies flew flown flying Birds fly south.
grow grows grew grown growing 生长 Plants grow fast.
know knows knew known knowing 知道 I knew it!
wear wears wore worn wearing 穿 She wore a dress.
teach teaches taught taught teaching He taught English.

💡 规则动词:过去式/过去分词 = +ed(如 worked, played)
不规则动词:需单独记忆(如 go → went → gone)


✅ 学习建议:

  1. 重点掌握前20个动词 —— 覆盖日常交流 80% 场景
  2. 用句子记变形,不要死背表格
  3. 区分美式/英式:如 get → gotten (US) / got (UK)

📥 需要以下资源吗?

  • 完整 300 个高频动词变形表(Excel/PDF)
  • 不规则动词分类记忆口诀(AAA/AAB/ABC 型)
  • 动词变形填空练习题(带答案)

欢迎告诉我,我可以立刻为你生成!📘✨

动词作名词 含义变成什么了

Qwen3-Max

15:51:56

这是一个非常棒的问题!动词变成名词后,含义通常会发生“抽象化”或“结果化”——也就是说,它不再表示“动作本身”,而是表示:

  • 这个动作的“结果”
  • 这个动作的“过程”
  • 从事这个动作的“人”
  • 与这个动作相关的“事物”或“概念”

下面用清晰分类 + 例子 + 中文解释,帮你彻底搞懂!


✅ 一、动词 → 名词:常见含义变化类型

类型1️⃣:动作的结果(Result of the action)

动词表示“做某事”,名词表示“做完后得到的东西”。

动词 名词 含义变化
build(建造) building(建筑物) “建造”这个动作 → 建出来的“楼”
paint(画画) painting(一幅画) “画画” → 画出来的“作品”
write(写) writing(文字;作品) “写” → 写出来的东西
grow(种植) growth(生长;增长) “长” → 长出来的“量”或“状态”

📌 例句:

  • He paints every day.(他每天画画。→ 动作)
  • This painting is beautiful.(这幅画很美。→ 结果)

类型2️⃣:动作的过程或行为本身(The action as a concept)

把“动作”当成一个抽象概念来看待。

动词 名词 含义变化
swim(游泳) a swim(一次游泳) “游泳”这个活动
walk(走路) a walk(一次散步) “散步”这件事
talk(谈话) a talk(一次讲话) “讲话”这个事件
read(阅读) a good read(一本好书) “读”这件事带来的体验

📌 例句:

  • Let’s go for a swim.(我们去游个泳吧。)
  • We had a long talk.(我们谈了很久。)

💡 这类名词常与 a / the 连用,表示“一次……”或“某种……”


类型3️⃣:从事该动作的人(Person who does the action)

加后缀如 -er, -or, -ist 等,变成“……的人”。

动词 名词 含义
teach(教) teacher(老师) 教书的人
sing(唱歌) singer(歌手) 唱歌的人
act(表演) actor(演员) 表演的人
type(打字) typist(打字员) 打字的人

📌 例句:

  • She sings in a band.(她在乐队唱歌。)
  • She is a famous singer.(她是一位著名歌手。)

类型4️⃣:动作的抽象概念(Abstract idea)

-tion, -sion, -ment, -ance/-ence 等后缀,变成抽象名词。

动词 名词 含义变化
decide(决定) decision(决定) “做决定” → “决定”这个概念
discuss(讨论) discussion(讨论) 讨论这件事(作为话题)
develop(发展) development(发展) 发展的状态或过程
perform(表演) performance(表演;表现) 表演的行为或效果

📌 例句:

  • They discussed the plan.(他们讨论了计划。→ 动作)
  • The discussion lasted two hours.(讨论持续了两小时。→ 事件/概念)

✅ 二、同一个动词,可能有多种名词形式!

“run” 为例:

名词形式 含义 例句
a run 一次跑步 I went for a run this morning.
runner 跑步的人;赛跑者 She is a fast runner.
running 跑步(运动) Running is good exercise.
run(本身也可作名词) 连续;一段 He had a run of bad luck.(他接连倒霉。)

✅ 三、特别注意:有些动词和名词拼写相同,但词性不同

单词 作动词 作名词
play 玩,演奏 一场戏剧(a play)
watch 观看 手表(a watch)
drink 饮料(a drink)
work 工作 工作(不可数);作品(a work)

📌 例句对比:

  • I watch TV.(我看电视。→ 动词)
  • My watch is broken.(我的手表坏了。→ 名词)

✅ 四、总结:动词变名词,含义怎么变?

变化方向 关键词 常见后缀/形式
结果 “做出的东西” -ing(building, painting)
过程/事件 “一次……” a + 动词(a walk, a swim)
“……的人” -er, -or, -ist(teacher, actor)
抽象概念 “……这件事/状态” -tion, -ment, -ance(decision, development)

📚 学习建议:

  1. 不要死记,要结合句子理解含义差异

  2. 多观察阅读中的名词用法(比如 news 中的 “a new study shows...”)

  3. 写作时尝试转换

    • 动词句:People argue about this.
    • 名词句:There is a lot of argument about this.(更正式!)
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