1 知识点
- django-admin.py是Django的一个用于管理任务的命令行工具，
- manage.py是对django-admin.py的简单包装，每个Django Project里面都会包含一个manage.py，要创建项目才会有
2 语法
django-admin.py <subcommand> [options]
manage.py <subcommand> [options]
subcommand是子命令；options是可选的
常用子命令：
startproject: 创建一个项目 （*）
startapp：创建一个app （*）
runserver：运行开发服务器 （*）
shell：进入django shell （*）
dbshell：进入django dbshell
check：检查django项目完整性
flush：清空数据库
compilemessages：编译语言文件（*）
makemessages：创建语言文件（*）
makemigrations：生成数据库同步脚本(第一次使用) （*）
migrate：同步数据库 （*）
showmigrations：查看生成的数据库同步脚本 （*）
sqlflush：查看生成清空数据库的脚本 （*）
sqlmigrate：查看数据库同步的sql语句 （*）
dumpdata：导出数据
loaddata：导入数据
diffsettings： 查看你的配置和django默认配置的不同之处
3 获取帮助文档
(env_py35_django) D:\MaiZi_Edu\Dropbox\Maizi\Django\class04\hello_django>django-admin.py help startproject
usage: django-admin.py startproject [-h] [--version] [-v {0,1,2,3}]
[--settings SETTINGS]
[--pythonpath PYTHONPATH] [--traceback]
[--no-color] [--template TEMPLATE]
[--extension EXTENSIONS] [--name FILES]
name [directory]
Creates a Django project directory structure for the given project name in the
current directory or optionally in the given directory.
positional arguments:
name Name of the application or project.
directory Optional destination directory
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--version show program's version number and exit
-v {0,1,2,3}, --verbosity {0,1,2,3}
Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output,
2=verbose output, 3=very verbose output
--settings SETTINGS The Python path to a settings module, e.g.
"myproject.settings.main". If this isn't provided, the
DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable will be
used.
--pythonpath PYTHONPATH
A directory to add to the Python path, e.g.
"/home/djangoprojects/myproject".
--traceback Raise on CommandError exceptions
--no-color Don't colorize the command output.
--template TEMPLATE The path or URL to load the template from.
--extension EXTENSIONS, -e EXTENSIONS
The file extension(s) to render (default: "py").
Separate multiple extensions with commas, or use -e
multiple times.
--name FILES, -n FILES
The file name(s) to render. Separate multiple
extensions with commas, or use -n multiple times.
4 manage.py特有的一些子命令
createsuperuser: 创建超级管理员 （*）
changepassword: 修改密码 （*）
clearsessions: 清除session
5 实验步骤
5.1 创建project和创建app
(env_py35_django) D:\MaiZi_Edu\Dropbox\Maizi\Django\learn04>django-admin.py startproject hello_django
(env_py35_django) D:\MaiZi_Edu\Dropbox\Maizi\Django\learn04>cd hello_django
(env_py35_django) D:\MaiZi_Edu\Dropbox\Maizi\Django\learn04\hello_django>django-admin.py startapp hello
5.2 启动项目并测试
(env_py35_django) D:\MaiZi_Edu\Dropbox\Maizi\Django\learn04\hello_django>manage.py runserver
Performing system checks...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
January 09, 2017 - 22:21:15
Django version 1.9.7, using settings 'hello_django.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
访问测试
5.2 同步数据库
(env_py35_django) D:\MaiZi_Edu\Dropbox\Maizi\Django\learn04\hello_django>manage.py makemigrations
No changes detected
(env_py35_django) D:\MaiZi_Edu\Dropbox\Maizi\Django\learn04\hello_django>manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
Apply all migrations: admin, contenttypes, auth, sessions
Running migrations:
Rendering model states... DONE
Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK
5.3 创建管理员账户登录管理后台
(env_py35_django) D:\MaiZi_Edu\Dropbox\Maizi\Django\class04\hello_django>manage.py createsuperuser
Username (leave blank to use 'spareribs'): admin
Email address: admin@admin.com
Password:
Password (again):
Superuser created successfully.
登陆admin管理后台
