唐诗宋词是中国古典文学的精髓,而诗仙李白更是其缔造者之一。长大后能读懂其中韵味,再回想起上学时的“背诵全文”,也觉得是很值得的!
如此优美的诗篇需要向世界传播,那么,李白大气磅礴的《将(qiāng)进酒》到底要怎么给老外解释才好??
将进酒
Invitation to Wine
君不见,黄河之水天上来,奔流到海不复回。
君不见,高堂明镜悲白发,朝如青丝暮成雪。
Do you not see the Yellow River come from the sky,
Rushing into the sea and never come back?
Do you not see the mirrors bright inchambershigh
Grieveoveryour snow-white hair though once it was silk-black?
chamber英 [ˈtʃeɪmbə(r)] 美 [ˈtʃembɚ]
n.室,卧室,会客室;内庭
vt.限制,幽禁,封闭或限制;使备有房间
grieve over英 [ɡri:v ˈəuvə] 美 [ɡriv ˈovɚ]
悼念;对…感到伤心
人生得意须尽欢,莫使金樽空对月。
天生我材必有用,千金散尽还复来。
When hopes are won, oh! drink your fill in high delight,
And never leave your wine-cup empty in moonlight!
Heaven has made us talents, we're not made invain.
A thousand gold coins spent, more will turn up again.
vain英 [veɪn] 美 [ven]
adj.徒劳的;自负的;无结果的;无用的
烹羊宰牛且为乐,会须一饮三百杯。
岑夫子,丹丘生,将进酒,杯莫停。
与君歌一曲,请君为我倾耳听。
Kill a cow, cook a sheep and let us merry be,
And drink three hundred cupfuls of wine in highglee!
Dear friends of mine,Cheer up, cheer up!
I invite you to wine.
Do not put down your cup!
I will sing you a song, please hear,
O hear! lend me a willing ear!
glee英 [gli:] 美 [ɡli]
n.快乐,欢喜;重唱的歌曲;[乐]合唱曲
钟鼓馔玉不足贵,但愿长醉不复醒。
古来圣贤皆寂寞,惟有饮者留其名。
What difference will rare and costly dishes make?
I only want to get drunk and never to wake.
How many great men were forgotten through the ages?
But great drinkers are more famous thansober sages.
sober英 [ˈsəʊbə(r)] 美 [ˈsoʊbə(r)]
adj.头脑清醒的,冷静的;未醉的;有节制的;朴素的
vt.& vi.(使)冷静,(使)清醒;使严肃
sage英 [seɪdʒ] 美 [sedʒ]
n.智者;哲人;圣人,鼠尾草
陈王昔时宴平乐,斗酒十千恣欢谑。
主人何为言少钱,径须沽取对君酌。
The Prince of Poetsfeastedin his palace at will,
Drank wine at ten thousand a cask and laughed his fill.
A host should not complain of money he is short,
To drink with you I will sell things of any sort.
feast英 [fi:st] 美 [fist]
n.宴会;盛会;
vi.大吃大喝,享用美食;参加宴会
vt.款待,宴请(某人)
五花马,千金裘,呼儿将出换美酒,与尔同销万古愁。
My fur coat worth a thousand coins of gold
And my flower-dappledhorse may be sold
To buy good wine that we may drown thewoeage-old.
dappled英 [ˈdæpld] 美 [ˈdæpəld]
adj.有斑点的
woe英 [wəʊ] 美 [woʊ]
n.悲哀;悲伤;灾难,灾殃;苦恼
int.唉(表示痛苦,悲伤或悔恨)
此版翻译是许渊冲先生作品,开篇两句李白式的感慨和哀叹:黄河之来去,上天入地,势不可挡,豪气万千,极尽夸张。人生短暂,仿佛只在朝夕之间。
为了让读者更好地感知原文的情绪,许渊冲用了一些带有情感色彩的词语,如“朝如青丝暮成雪”的译文是Grieve over your snow-white hair though once it was silk-black,grieve over意为“悼念”,用来表达人生短促的无奈之情。青丝和白发分别译作“silk-black”和“snow-white”,生动且富有美感。
正因人生苦短,李白高喊“人生得意须尽欢”,同时要坚信自己“天生我材必有用”。此处“尽欢”被译作“high delight”(很高的欢愉),从情绪上来说,"utmost delight"(极端的欢愉)也是合适的,更多了几分夸张的色彩。
而“天生我材必有用”的译文是“Heaven has made us talents, we're not made in vain”,即“上帝赋予我们的才能并不是徒劳无果的”,比较贴切原意了。
感叹才华之后,诗人也没有一味沉湎在哀叹中,而是“与君歌一曲,请君为我倾耳听”,翻译为“please hear. O hear! lend me a willing ear!”这样的句式既考虑到押韵,又符合英语读者的读诗习惯,语气是逐句递增。
歌中叹“古来圣贤皆寂寞,惟有饮者留其名”中的“圣贤”和“饮者”分别被译作sober sages和great drinkers,drinker(酒鬼)与sage(智者)的对比,也很有代入感。
诗的最后,李白感叹富贵荣华如过眼云烟,世道不如愿,只想喝尽杯中酒,销万古愁才是真自我,最后一句“万古愁”的译文woe age-old"的读音与中文十分相像,但是强烈的情感表达则稍微欠缺了一部分了。
中国古典文化的传播和路程依旧任重而道远,然而这更需要大家的不懈努力,才能让世人看到传承了千年的中华瑰宝,感谢所有翻译家为此作出的努力!