今天我读到一篇关于左赛尔阶梯金字塔的文章：
左赛尔阶梯金字塔是为了纪念埃及第三代王朝的第一位法老左赛尔（Djoser)而建，也是第一座用石头建造的陵墓，建于公元前2650年,位于塞加拉（埃及首都开罗以南约30公里）。这座金字塔是由左赛尔法老的一名重要官员伊姆霍特普（Imhotep)所设计(他的地位相当于我国历史上的宰相），由石板堆叠，从下至上，逐层变窄，形成如今壮观的阶梯状。整个建筑高达62米，占地16公顷，围墙高10.5米，墙外还有750米长、40米宽的壕沟围绕。整个建筑群相当于当时的一个城市，内有寺庙、庭院、神殿、祭司的住所等。为了防止不速之客，伊姆霍特普在这座金字塔上设了13道假门，真正的入口在外墙东南角处。左赛尔法老墓位于金字塔地基之下，有迷宫一样的长隧道包围，沿途设置了很多房间，用来阻止盗墓贼。可惜的是，这些谨慎复杂的地宫设计并未能阻止盗墓贼，很多陪葬品，甚至墓主的身体都被偷了。
左赛尔金字塔复杂的建筑群对于埃及乃至全世界石器纪念建筑的发展具有里程碑式的意义，受到了所有其他埃及伟大金字塔建筑者的效仿。它也为后来的建筑师提供了一个模板，让他们可以更好地理解和利用石头建筑的技术。
Today I read an article about the Step Pyramid of Djoser:
The Step Pyramid of Djoser was built in 2650BC at Saqqara(about 30 kilometers south of Cairo,the capital of Egypt) for the first king of the Third Dynasty of Egypt,Djoser.It is also the earliest stone monumental pyramid built in stone in Egypt.The design was conceived by Djoser's main office, Imhotep, whose position was equivalent to that of the Prime Minister in our ancienthistory .Thepyramid was stacked by stone slabs on top of one another, progressively making them smaller, to form the spectacular shape now known as Step Pyramid.The entire architecture rose 62 miters high ,covered a region of 16 hectares and surrounded by a wall 10.5 miters high.The wall was then ringed by a trench 750 meters long and 40 meters wide.The complex in the Step Pyramid was the size of a city an included a temple ,courtyard, shrines, and living quarters for priests.In order to discourage unwanted visitors,Imhotep designed 13 false doors cut into the pyramid with only one true entrance cut into the south-east corner.And the King’s tomb was beneath the base of the pyramid,surrounded by a vast maze of long tunnels that had rooms off them to discourage robbers.Unfortunately, all these precautions and intricate design of the underground network did not prevent ancient robbers from finding a way in.Many Djoser’s grave goods and even his body were stolen at some point in the past.
The intricate Djoser pyramid complex constitutes a milestone in the evolution of monumental stone architecture in Egypt and in the world.It also became the archetype which all the other great pyramid builders of Egypt would follow,helping them better understanding and applying the technique of stone architecture.
