提示：Vue3.2 版本开始才能使用语法糖！
在 Vue3.0 中变量必须 return 出来，template中才能使用；而在 Vue3.2 中只需要在 script 标签上加上 setup 属性，无需 return，template 便可直接使用，非常的香啊！
提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考
一、如何使用setup语法糖
只需在 script 标签上写上setup
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><template>
</template>
<script setup> </script>
<style scoped lang="less"> </style></pre>
二、data数据的使用
由于 setup 不需写 return，所以直接声明数据即可
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><script setup> import {
ref,
reactive,
toRefs,
} from 'vue'
const data = reactive({
patternVisible: false,
debugVisible: false,
aboutExeVisible: false,
})
const content = ref('content')
//使用toRefs解构
const { patternVisible, debugVisible, aboutExeVisible } = toRefs(data) </script></pre>
三、method方法的使用
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><template >
<button @click="onClickHelp">系统帮助</button>
</template>
<script setup> import {reactive} from 'vue'
const data = reactive({
aboutExeVisible: false,
})
// 点击帮助
const onClickHelp = () => {
console.log(`系统帮助`)
data.aboutExeVisible = true
} </script></pre>
四、watchEffect的使用
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><script setup> import {
ref,
watchEffect,
} from 'vue'
let sum = ref(0)
watchEffect(()=>{
const x1 = sum.value
console.log('watchEffect所指定的回调执行了')
}) </script></pre>
五、watch的使用
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><script setup> import {
reactive,
watch,
} from 'vue'
//数据
let sum = ref(0)
let msg = ref('你好啊')
let person = reactive({
name:'张三',
age:18,
job:{
j1:{
salary:20
}
}
})
// 两种监听格式
watch([sum,msg],(newValue,oldValue)=>{
console.log('sum或msg变了',newValue,oldValue)
},{immediate:true})
watch(()=>person.job,(newValue,oldValue)=>{
console.log('person的job变化了',newValue,oldValue)
},{deep:true}) </script></pre>
六、computed计算属性的使用
computed计算属性有两种写法(简写和考虑读写的完整写法)
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><script setup> import {
reactive,
computed,
} from 'vue'
//数据
let person = reactive({
firstName:'小',
lastName:'叮当'
})
// 计算属性简写
person.fullName = computed(()=>{
return person.firstName + '-' + person.lastName
})
// 完整写法
person.fullName = computed({
get(){
return person.firstName + '-' + person.lastName
},
set(value){
const nameArr = value.split('-')
person.firstName = nameArr[0]
person.lastName = nameArr[1]
}
}) </script></pre>
七、props父子传值的使用
子组件代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs dust" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><template>
<span>{{props.name}}</span>
</template>
<script setup> import { defineProps } from 'vue'
// 声明props
const props = defineProps({
name: {
type: String,
default: '11'
} })
// 或者
//const props = defineProps(['name']) </script>
父组件代码如下（示例）：
<template>
<child :name='name'/>
</template>
<script setup> import {ref} from 'vue'
// 引入子组件
import child from './child.vue'
let name= ref('小叮当') </script></pre>
八、emit子父传值的使用
子组件代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><template>
<a-button @click="isOk">
确定
</a-button>
</template>
<script setup> import { defineEmits } from 'vue';
// emit
const emit = defineEmits(['aboutExeVisible'])
/**
* 方法
*/
// 点击确定按钮
const isOk = () => {
emit('aboutExeVisible');
} </script>
父组件代码如下（示例）：
<template>
<AdoutExe @aboutExeVisible="aboutExeHandleCancel" />
</template>
<script setup> import {reactive} from 'vue'
// 导入子组件
import AdoutExe from '../components/AdoutExeCom'
const data = reactive({
aboutExeVisible: false,
})
// content组件ref
// 关于系统隐藏
const aboutExeHandleCancel = () => {
data.aboutExeVisible = false
} </script></pre>
九、获取子组件ref变量和defineExpose暴露
即vue2中的获取子组件的ref，直接在父组件中控制子组件方法和变量的方法
子组件代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs dust" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><template>
<p>{{data }}</p>
</template>
<script setup> import {
reactive,
toRefs
} from 'vue'
/**
* 数据部分
* */
const data = reactive({
modelVisible: false,
historyVisible: false,
reportVisible: false,
})
defineExpose({
...toRefs(data),
}) </script>
父组件代码如下（示例）：
<template>
<button @click="onClickSetUp">点击</button>
<Content ref="content" />
</template>
<script setup> import {ref} from 'vue'
// content组件ref
const content = ref('content')
// 点击设置
const onClickSetUp = ({ key }) => {
content.value.modelVisible = true
} </script>
<style scoped lang="less"> </style></pre>
十、路由useRoute和useRouter的使用
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs dust" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><script setup> import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
// 声明
const route = useRoute()
const router = useRouter()
// 获取query
console.log(route.query)
// 获取params
console.log(route.params)
// 路由跳转
router.push({
path: `/index`
}) </script></pre>
十一、store仓库的使用
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs dust" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><script setup> import { useStore } from 'vuex'
import { num } from '../store/index'
const store = useStore(num)
// 获取Vuex的state
console.log(store.state.number)
// 获取Vuex的getters
console.log(store.state.getNumber)
// 提交mutations
store.commit('fnName')
// 分发actions的方法
store.dispatch('fnName') </script></pre>
十二、await的支持
setup 语法糖中可直接使用 await，不需要写 async ， setup 会自动变成 async setup
代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><script setup> import Api from '../api/Api'
const data = await Api.getData()
console.log(data) </script></pre>
十三、provide 和 inject 祖孙传值
父组件代码如下（示例）：
<pre class="prettyprint hljs xml" style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; color: rgb(68, 68, 68); border-radius: 4px; display: block; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5em; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre; background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246); border: none; overflow-x: auto; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><template>
<AdoutExe />
</template>
<script setup> import { ref,provide } from 'vue'
import AdoutExe from '@/components/AdoutExeCom'
let name = ref('Jerry')
// 使用provide
provide('provideState', {
name,
changeName: () => {
name.value = '小叮当'
}
}) </script>
子组件代码如下（示例）：
<script setup> import { inject } from 'vue'
const provideState = inject('provideState')
provideState.changeName() </script></pre>
