R包安装大法安装特定版本的R包

如果R包的更新与当前的R版本或R代码不兼容,就会导致之前适用的脚本出现一些问题,此时可能需要安装某个特定版本的R包(使脚本正常运行)

例如我当前的survminer包版本是0.4.3,想换成0.4.2版本。而常规的 install.packages 函数并不支持版本的选择...

1.最简便的方法是使用devtools包中的install_version函数:

require(devtools)install_version('survminer', version = '0.4.2')
Downloading package from url: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/src/contrib/Archive/survminer/survminer_0.4.2.tar.gz

Installing survminer

packageVersion('survminer') # 当前版本查看
[1] ‘0.4.2’

这种方法会下载并安装目标R包及其依赖的包,所以推荐使用!

2.虽然 install.packages 函数并不支持版本的选择,但是如果你知道R包的源文件的位置:https://cran.r-project.org/src/contrib/Archive 或者其他镜像,则可以直接通过 source 的方式安装:

packageurl = 'https://cran.r-project.org/src/contrib/Archive/survminer/survminer_0.4.2.tar.gz'
install.packages(packageurl, repos = NULL, type = 'source')
举例

packageurl = 'http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/src/contrib/BiocGenerics_0.32.0.tar.gz'
> install.packages(packageurl, repos = NULL, type = 'source')
Installing package into ‘C:/Users/wlx/Documents/R/win-library/3.6’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
trying URL 'http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/src/contrib/BiocGenerics_0.32.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 46806 bytes (45 KB)
downloaded 45 KB

* installing *source* package 'BiocGenerics' ...
** using staged installation
** R
** inst
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
Creating a new generic function for 'append' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'as.data.frame' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'cbind' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'rbind' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'do.call' in package 'BiocGenerics'
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Creating a new generic function for 'pmin.int' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'Reduce' in package 'BiocGenerics'
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Creating a new generic function for 'Find' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'Map' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'Position' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'get' in package 'BiocGenerics'
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Creating a new generic function for 'lapply' in package 'BiocGenerics'
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Creating a new generic function for 'mad' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'xtabs' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'clusterCall' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'clusterApply' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'clusterApplyLB' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'clusterEvalQ' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'clusterExport' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'clusterMap' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'parLapply' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'parSapply' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'parApply' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'parRapply' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'parCapply' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'parLapplyLB' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'parSapplyLB' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'basename' in package 'BiocGenerics'
Creating a new generic function for 'dirname' in package 'BiocGenerics'
** help
*** installing help indices
  converting help for package 'BiocGenerics'
    finding HTML links ... 好了
    BiocGenerics-package                    html  
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/rep.Rd:51: file link 'rep.int,Rle-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/rep.Rd:53: file link 'Rle' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/residuals.Rd:41: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/row_colnames.Rd:17: file link 'rownames' in package 'base' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/row_colnames.Rd:36: file link 'rownames' in package 'base' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/row_colnames.Rd:50: file link 'rownames' in package 'base' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/row_colnames.Rd:59: file link 'rownames' in package 'base' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/row_colnames.Rd:66: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/row_colnames.Rd:69: file link 'rownames,DataFrame-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/row_colnames.Rd:71: file link 'DataFrame' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/score.Rd:34: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/score.Rd:37: file link 'score,GenomicRanges-method' in package 'GenomicRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/score.Rd:39: file link 'GenomicRanges' in package 'GenomicRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sets.Rd:17: file link 'union' in package 'base' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sets.Rd:39: file link 'union' in package 'base' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sets.Rd:57: file link 'GenomicRanges' in package 'GenomicRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sets.Rd:65: file link 'union' in package 'base' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sets.Rd:71: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sets.Rd:74: file link 'union,GenomicRanges,GenomicRanges-method' in package 'GenomicRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sets.Rd:77: file link 'GenomicRanges' in package 'GenomicRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sort.Rd:62: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sort.Rd:65: file link 'sort,Vector-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/sort.Rd:67: file link 'Vector' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    start                                   html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/start.Rd:64: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/start.Rd:67: file link 'start,IRanges-method' in package 'IRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/start.Rd:69: file link 'IRanges' in package 'IRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/start.Rd:71: missing file link 'pos,UnstitchedIPos-method'
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/start.Rd:73: missing file link 'UnstitchedIPos'
    strand                                  html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/strand.Rd:73: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/strand.Rd:76: file link 'strand,GRanges-method' in package 'GenomicRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/strand.Rd:78: file link 'GRanges' in package 'GenomicRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/subset.Rd:46: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/subset.Rd:49: file link 'subset,DataTable-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/subset.Rd:51: file link 'DataTable' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/t.Rd:44: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/t.Rd:47: file link 't,Hits-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/t.Rd:49: file link 'Hits' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/table.Rd:46: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/table.Rd:49: file link 'table,Rle-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/table.Rd:51: file link 'Rle' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    tapply                                  html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/tapply.Rd:64: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/tapply.Rd:67: file link 'tapply,Vector,ANY-method' in package 'IRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/tapply.Rd:69: file link 'Vector' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    testPackage                             html  
    toTable                                 html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/toTable.Rd:37: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/toTable.Rd:40: file link 'toTable,Bimap-method' in package 'AnnotationDbi' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    type                                    html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/type.Rd:45: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/type.Rd:48: file link 'type,ANY-method' in package 'DelayedArray' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    unique                                  html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unique.Rd:57: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unique.Rd:60: file link 'unique,Rle-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unique.Rd:62: file link 'Rle' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    unlist                                  html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unlist.Rd:51: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unlist.Rd:54: file link 'unlist,List-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unlist.Rd:56: file link 'List' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unsplit.Rd:14: file link 'unsplit' in package 'base' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unsplit.Rd:54: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unsplit.Rd:57: file link 'unsplit,List-method' in package 'IRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/unsplit.Rd:59: file link 'List' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    updateObject                            html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/updateObject.Rd:130: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/var.Rd:14: file link 'var' in package 'stats' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
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Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/var.Rd:45: file link 'var' in package 'stats' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/var.Rd:51: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    weights                                 html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/weights.Rd:47: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    which                                   html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/which.Rd:57: file link 'NumericList' in package 'IRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/which.Rd:69: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/which.Rd:72: file link 'which.max,NumericList-method' in package 'IRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/which.Rd:75: file link 'NumericList' in package 'IRanges' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
    xtabs                                   html  
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/xtabs.Rd:52: file link 'selectMethod' in package 'methods' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/xtabs.Rd:55: file link 'xtabs,DataTable-method' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
Rd warning: C:/Windows/Temp/Rtmpkz8G1Y/R.INSTALL2f986586d71/BiocGenerics/man/xtabs.Rd:57: file link 'DataTable' in package 'S4Vectors' does not exist and so has been treated as a topic
** building package indices
** testing if installed package can be loaded from temporary location
** testing if installed package can be loaded from final location
** testing if installed package keeps a record of temporary installation path
* DONE (BiocGenerics)

3.将安装包下载到本地后安装,终端命令如下:

wget https://cran.r-project.org/src/contrib/Archive/survminer/survminer_0.4.2.tar.gzR CMD INSTALL survminer_0.4.2.tar.gz
当然,想要安装特定版本的R包也可能会面临一些问题。比如,旧版本包中有bug、缺少新的功能、与当前R版本并不兼容等。此时,就需要下载安装适配版本的R或者调整脚本了!

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