java接口化项目搭建

一：创建项目，引入包依赖

我创建的是Java的maven项目，在pom.xml下引入testng和httpclient
httpclient:基于http协议，客户端 HTTP 协议传输类库，用户发送和接受http的消息

       <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.1</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
        <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
        <version>6.9.9</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
       <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
        <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>4.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

二：封装post和get方法

创建一个工具类RestClient

//get请求方法,不带请求头
    public CloseableHttpResponse get(String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
      //创建一个可关闭的HttpClient对象
      CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
      //创建一个httpget对象
      HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
      //执行请求,相当于浏览器点击发送按钮，然后赋值给HttpResponse对象接收
      CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpget);
      //返回请求的结果
      return httpResponse;
      
    }
//get带请求头
    public CloseableHttpResponse get(String url,HashMap<String,String> headermap) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient=HttpClients.createDefault();
        HttpGet httpget=new HttpGet(url);
        for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:headermap.entrySet()){
            httpget.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse=httpclient.execute(httpget);
        return httpResponse;
    }
//post方法
    public CloseableHttpResponse post(String url,String entityString,HashMap<String,String> headermap) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
        //创建一个httpClient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient=HttpClients.createDefault();
        //创建一个httppost对象
        HttpPost httppost=new HttpPost(url);
        HttpEntity entity=new StringEntity(entityString.toLowerCase());
        //设置一个payload
        httppost.setEntity(entity);
        //加载请求头到httppost对象
        if(headermap!=null){
            for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headermap.entrySet()){
                httppost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        //发送请求
        CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httppost);
        //返回请求的结果
        return httpResponse;
    }

三：测试接口

创建一个test执行的类，使用@Test标记

public class DoubanTest {
    CloseableHttpResponse closeableHttpResponse;
    @Test
    public void getMovie() throws IOException {
        //接口地址
        String url="这是要测试的api";
        RestClient rest=new RestClient();
        //构造请求头信息
        HashMap<String,String> headermap = new HashMap<String,String>();
        headermap.put("Content-Type", "application/json");
        //构造请求的参数信息
        JsonObject json=new JsonObject();
        json.addProperty("page", "1");
        json.addProperty("count", "2");
        json.addProperty("type","video");
        //发送post请求
        closeableHttpResponse=rest.post(url,json.toString(),headermap);
        //获取接口返回状态码
        int statusCode=closeableHttpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        System.out.println("the code is"+statusCode);
        //获取接口的返回内容
        String responseString = EntityUtils.toString(closeableHttpResponse.getEntity());
        System.out.println("the response is:"+responseString);



    }
}

运行test类，在控制台打印出接口相关信息

接口返回打印信息.png

这样最基础的一个接口测试框架算是跑通了