#口语粉碎机# L1 Day55【打卡序列02】
比较状语从句
1. 我必须承认，我之前学习没有你用功。
翻译：I have to admit that I did not study as hard as you.
答案：I have to admit that I didn’t study as hard as you.
2. 这跟我想得一样简单。
翻译：It is as simple as I think.
答案：It’s as easy as I think.
解析：
easy&simple
＊easy
not difficult needing little effort容易的；不费力的
＊simple
easy to understand or do not difficult简单的，容易的
The instructions were written in simple English
3. 生活并不像它看上去那么顺风顺水，但也不会像我们想象得那么难。
翻译：Life is not as easy as it looks like, but it is also not as hard as we imagine.
答案：Life isn’t as easy as it seems, but it’s not so difficult as we think.
解析：不会像我们说想象/认为的那么艰难/困难。用think更符合语境。
seem
4. 你比去年高多了。
翻译：Your height is taller than that last year.
答案： You are taller than you were last year.
解析：一直很纠结应该用什么词来指代，看了答案觉得，有时候也不能想太多。
5. 你关心你的工作胜过关心我。
翻译：You care more about work than me.
答案：You care more about your work than you do about me.
解析：工作和我是同类比较。要加上you do about 才表示。不然就以为是和主语you的比较。
6. 他英语说得不如你流利。
翻译：He doesn't speak English as fluently as you.
答案：He doesn’t speak English as/ so fluently as you.
7. 新建的广场是以前的四倍大。
翻译：The newly-built square is four times larger than the previous one.
答案：The newly-built square is four times the size of the previous one
8. 长江差不多比珠江长两倍。
翻译：The Yangtze River is almost two times longer than the Pearl River.
答案：The Changjiang/ Yangtze River is almost three times longer than the Zhujiang/ Pearl River.
解析：长两倍，是3倍长
9.这个手袋的价格是那个的 3 倍。
【重点】
翻译：The price of this handbag is three times higher than that one.
答案：This handbag is exactly three times more expensive than that one.
解析：答案更简洁，用expensive 既表达了价格也表达了贵。
10. 她在这住的时间比我长。
翻译：She lives here longer than I do.
答案：She has lived here longer than I have.
解析：从过去到现在，现在完成时。
心得：than 难点总结：
一、后接人称代词用主格还是宾格
than既可作连词也可作介词
后接人称代词时，可用主格也可用宾格。通常在正式文体中多用主格，在口语或非正式文体中多用宾语。
Everyone here is taller than I [me].
这儿的每一个人都比我高。
Her sister swims faster than she [her].
她姐姐游泳比她快。
【重点】人称代词后有动词，
只能用主格。
Everyone here is taller than I am.
这儿的每一个人都比我高。
Her sister swims faster than she does.
她姐姐游泳比她快。
【重点】用主格/宾格会导致意思变化。
I love you more than he (likes you).
我比他更爱你。
I love you more than (I likes) him.
我爱你胜过爱他。
二、后接动词用不定式/动名词
1. 连接两个非谓语动词，用一样的形式
It is much easier to get into debt than to get out of it.
借债容易还债难。
He likes playing chess more than watching TV.
与看电视相比，他更喜欢下棋。
比较：
He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive.
=He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive.
他认为他自己开车比让我开车要更安全。
2. 不是连接两个非谓语动词，则其后出现的动词通常用动名词形式(虽然也可用不定式，但不如用动名词普通)。如：
There are worse calamities than failing your driving test.
比起你驾驶考试不合格来说，更大的灾难还多着呢。
Nothing gives me more pleasure than listening to Mozart.
再没有比听莫扎特的乐曲更让我高兴的事了。
Nothing is more unpleasant than finding [to find] insects in your bath.
最使人不快的是在浴室里发现有虫子。
三、引导比较状语从句的时态问题
＊than引导的比较状语从句与主句动作不一致，可根据情况使用适当时态。
He drives faster than he did a year ago.
他开车比一年以前快了。
The house is rather bigger than we thought.
这所房子比我们想的大得多。
＊若主句为将来时，than引导的从句可用现在时表将来，也可直接用将来时。
We'll probably drive faster than you do [will].
我们开车可能会比你们快。
四、引导比较状语从句的倒装问题
than引导比较状语从句时，从句语序通常不倒装，但正式文体中，有时也可倒装。
City dweller have a higher death rate than country people do.
=City dweller have a higher death rate than do country people.
城市居民死亡率比农村居民高。
五、引导比较状语从句且从句中充当成分
＊有时可引导一个从句并在从句中充当句子成分(主语、宾语、表语)，为便于理解，有时可视为than后省略了what：
We don't want to do more than is necessary.
我们不想做不必要的事情。
The pain was almost more than he could bear.
这样的痛苦几乎使他受不了。
She's not a very good manager she always spends more money than she earns.
她不大会理财——总是入不敷出。
Life here is much easier than it used to be. 如今在此地生活比起从前可舒服多了。
＊than后的expected为省略结构：
He returned three days earlier than (he was) expected.
他回来得比预料的要早三天。
六、后接时间或条件状语从句
若语义需要，其后可接when引导的时间状语从句以及if 引导的条件状语从句。
You are a little fatter than when I saw you last.
你比我上次见你时胖点了。
Joe carries only nine pounds more than when he was twenty.
乔比他20岁时只重了九磅。
They work better together than if they are alone.
他们一起干比他们单干效果要好。
七、同质比较还是异质比较 【重点】
than 通常用于两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较，但有时指的可能是同一个人或物在两个不同的方面进行比较，此时只用于more…than…结构，而不能用 –er…than…的形式(即使是单音节也是如此)，这类结构通常可译为“与其……不如……”“有……无……”。
He's more fat than short.
与其说他矮不如说他胖。
They are more brave than wise.
他们有勇无谋。
If we tell him about it, it may do more harm than good.
倘若我们把情况告诉他，那可能弊多利少。
八、与never (a) 连用
＊有时than与带有never (a) 的比较级结构连用，表示强调，通常表示最高级的含义。
I've never had a worse morning than today.
我哪一天早上也不像今天早上这样倒霉。
＊若意思明确，有时可省略than结构。
He is fine, never better. 他很好，比以往任何时候都好。
I've never seen a finer bird. 我从未见过比这更美的鸟。
I've never found a better job. 这是我找到的最好的工作。
九、than any other后接名词用单数
than any other后接名词时通常用单数形式。
He swims faster than any other student in his class.
他比班上的其他任何学生都游得快。
More heat is lost through the head than any other part of the body.
从头部散发的热量比身体的其他任何部位都多。
十、几组容易理解出错的than习语
1.“no +比较级+than”与“not +比较级+than”
(1) “no +比较级+than”用于否定两者，表示“与……一样不”，其义大致相当于其中形容词或副词的反义词用于as…as…结构。如：
He is no richer than a beggar.
=He is as poor as a beggar.
他穷如乞丐。
This one is no better than that one.
=This one is as bad as that one.
这个与那个一样不好。
(2) “not +比较级+than”的意思是“不比……更”“不如”。如：
He is not richer than you.
他不如你富有。
This one is not better than that one.
这个不如那个好。
2. no less than, no less...than 与 not less than
(1) no less than 有两个意思：
一表示“多达”“有……之多”，强调数量多
二表示“简直”“与……没有差别”。
We walked no less than three miles.
我们走了三英里之远。
We won no less than ￡500 in a competition.
我们在一次比赛中就赢了500英镑。
It is no less than robbery to ask for so much.
要这么多，简直跟抢劫没什么两样。
(2) no less...than
意为“与……一样”“不比……差”，
强调两者具有同等性。
He is no less wise than you.
他跟你一样聪明(他并不比你笨)。
A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is.
海豚与狗同样都是聪明的动物。
(3) not less than 意为“不下于”“至少”。
He has no less than seven daughters.
他有七个女儿之多。
He has not less than seven daughters.
他至少有七个女儿。
3. no more than, no more…than与not more than
(1) no more than
表示“仅仅”“只有”“只不过”，
强调程度低或数量少。
He is no more than an ordinary English teacher.
他只不过是个普通的英文老师。
He has no more than three shirts.
他只有3件衬衫。
(2) not more than 表示“至多”，
与at most同义。
He has not more than three shirts.
他最多只有3件衬衫(或许还不到3件)。
(3) no more...than 表示对两者都否定,
意为“既不……也不”“同……一样不”。
He is no more a writer than a painter.
他既不是画家，也不是作家。
A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 如同马不是鱼一样，鲸也不是鱼。
思维清晰了不少，复习了than的难点用法。继续加油。
