2024.8.17

读前（Pre-reading）

课堂导入：教师问候并欢迎学生，询问学生是否准备好上课。

Good morning, everyone. Welcome to my class, it's really good to have you here. Are you ready for the class? OK, let's have fun together.

情境设置：教师分享个人情况，提到侄女Linda的生日，询问学生对于礼物选择的看法。

Look at this day. It's my niece, Linda's birthday. She's also a middle school student, just like you. I'm going to her party on Sunday, but the problem is, I don't know what presents to buy for her. Could you please give me some advice?

激活先验知识：询问学生对于礼物选择的看法，收集学生关于礼物选择的想法和建议，如玩具盒、笔、裙子、娃娃等。

S1: I choose play box.

T: Play box, uh, why?

S1: Because it's popular and it's very super sunrise too.

T: Uh, thank you. What a brilliant idea. Play boxes are often popular among students, right? Hmm, I like it. What about others, you please?

S2: Some beautiful pens.

T: Pens, why?

S2: Because every student likes them.

T: Yeah, thank you, students always use pens, right? Emm, that's also a good present. What about others? You please?

S3: I think maybe you can buy dresses for her, because I think all the girls like dresses.

T: Sounds great, all the girls like beautiful dresses, anything else? OK, you please.

S4: I send a doll.

T: A doll? why? S4: Because the doll is very cute.

T: Yeah, what a cute present Linda will like it. Thank you so much, OK, class. You have so many good ideas, but which one should I choose, a doll? Or other things, it's a little hard for me. In fact, it's always hard for me to choose presents for my family and friends.

读中（While-reading）

阅读前的准备

引入新课：教师提出将要阅读的短文，暗示这可能帮助解决礼物选择的问题。

Is there a good way to help? Today we will read a passage about choosing presents, maybe we can get some help from it. OK, class, look at the passage, what’s the title?

初步阅读

快速阅读：学生快速阅读短文，寻找主题，并讨论选项。

Very good now, you read it very quickly, but silently and find out what the passage mainly rises about. Here are three options for you. Who can read? A girl, please read A, Try to read the options.

Do you know habits? Those are the things people do very often, right, clear? Go. If you know the answer, you can show me your hands. Read the passage and find out the answer. Yeah, if you know the answer, you can show me your hands. OK class, which one do you choose? You please. 

"S: I choose C.

T: Do you agree with him? Yes, very good, I agree too. It's about different people's likes and habits.

深入阅读

关键词识别：教师强调关键词“like”和“habit”，学生寻找文中的喜好和习惯。

How did you find their likes in the passage? Can you give me an example? You please again? So we can see many 'likes' here, right? 'Like' is a keyword. What about their habits? Are there any key words to help you? Give me an example. Maybe have a try, you can do it. Girl.

S: Daming’s grandparents sometimes wear T-shirts. Very good. T: What's the key word? S: Sometimes.

T: Excellent. Another example, have a try, you please?

So we can see, sit down please. A lot of adverbs of frequency, right? Let's read them together: always, usually, often, sometimes, never. Very good, they are used when we talk about people's habits, OK. So who are the different people in the passage? Last girl, you please?

细节理解：学生找出文中人物的喜好和习惯，教师引导学生讨论和理解。

S: Umm, Daming’s grandparents, Daming’s mother, Betty’s cousin, Tony’s sister, and Lingling’s aunt and uncle. Very good, girl, where did you find them? Where did you findthe people?

S: In the first sentences in the passage.

T: You are so clever, they are at the beginning, right? So we can see in this passage, different paragraphs talk about different people's likes and habits. Now, think it over. The title is 'Choosing Birthday Presents'. Why does the writer write so much about people's likes and habits? Have a try, just guess, why?"

S: Because if the writer knows their habits, the writer can buy the gifts for them.

T: Do you agree with her? She means the likes and habits can help us choose good presents for them. Is that a good way? Maybe, let's have a try together. First, we need to find out these people's likes and habits. What do Daming’s grandparents like? You please.

S: Daming's grandparents like to stay healthy.

T: Very good, what about their habits?

S: He gets some exercise and sometimes wears T-shirts.

T: They get some exercise every day. Can you give me an example of an exercise? What kind of exercise is it? Such as... Maybe you can give it a try. Do you exercise? Yes, what do you do?

S: I often play badminton.

T: That's a kind of exercise. What else? Maybe...

S: I often play football.

T: That's also a kind of exercise. So, people exercise to stay healthy. Good. And when they exercise, do they wear T-shirts every day? Every day? No, maybe once a week.

应用实践：

学生根据文中信息填写表格，教师提供示例答案，讨论不同人物的喜好和习惯。

Are T-shirts good for doing sports? Yes. Now it's your turn. Try to find out the other people's likes and habits and complete the table on your worksheet. Go.

OK, class, I see some of you have underlined parts in your passage right now. Let's check the answers together.

Look, these are the answers from one of my students in Dalian about Daming's mother. Do you agree? Do you have any different ideas from yours? Anything different? Girl, have a try.

S: I don’t agree with the 'never' because in the passage, we can see she doesn't often buy any.

T: Very good. Does “not often" mean never? No, it means...

S: Sometimes.

T: Sometimes. Why doesn't she often buy chocolates? She likes them.

S: Because they aren't very healthy.

T: Yeah, maybe too much is bad for her health. Sometimes she can eat a little. Anything else? OK, what about others?

T: What kind of clothes? Cheap ones or... and look at your passage, cheap ones or expensive ones?

S: Daming's grandmother always buys expensive clothes.

T: Very good. What are the expensive clothes she has got? What are the expensive clothes, you please?

S: She has got eleven silk scarves, twenty dresses, and a lot of shoes.

T: Do you know silk scarves? Yes, scarves made of silk. Which city is famous for silk? Do you know which? It's your city, Huangzhou, right? Are silks expensive in Huangzhou?

S: Yes, also expensive.

T: OK, follow me, "silks scarves." Can you guess the singular form of scarves? One... scarf. How to spell? Together: S-C-A-R-F. Scarf. Next, one about Betty's cousin, do you agree? You please?

S: Betty's cousin reads lots of books and magazines.

T: Very good. What is a magazine? In Chinese?

S: 杂志 (Zazhi).

T: Right, a kind of book we can buy maybe every week or every month, right? Yeah, follow me, "magazine." Next, about Tony's sister, do you agree? Have a try. Anything wrong? She often goes to concerts.

T: Does she often go to concerts? Yes or no?

S: No.

T: No, why?

S: Because it's often expensive.

T: Yeah, what is often expensive?

S: A concert ticket.

T: Very good, what can you enjoy at a concert? In Chinese.

S: 音乐会 (Yinyuehui).

T: Yeah, music. Right, different kinds of music. OK, follow me, "concert ticket." What other kinds of tickets do you know? You please.

S: A cinema ticket.

T: Very good, a cinema ticket. What else? Maybe? Ah, when we play football or basketball, maybe we have...

S: A match ticket.

T: A match ticket? Right, yes, thank you so much. Good. Last one about Lingling's aunt and uncle, do you agree? You please, have a try.

S: I don't agree with the "go to football, usually go to football matches at weekends." In the passage, we can see Lingling's aunt and uncle like football, but they don't go to football matches. They usually watch football on television at weekends.

T: Very good. And can you guess why they don't go outside to watch the matches?

S: Maybe the tickets are very expensive.

T: Yeah, a good guess. Any other reasons? You please.

S: Maybe the football match is too far.

T: Ah, yeah, too far from their home, right? Staying at home and watching TV are much cheaper and easier, right. Yeah, very good. So, have you got all the right answers? Yes, now suppose you were Daming, could you introduce your grandparents' likes and habits to us? With the help of the big table, you can do it. Try. Have a try, you please, thank you.

T: Daming's grandparents like to stay healthy, so they get some exercise every day. And they sometimes wear T-shirts.

S: ...

T: Nice work. Now, suppose you are Betty, have a try, you please?

S: Betty's cousin likes reading and she reads a lot of books and magazines, and she often goes to the cinema, but she never watches sports.

T: Very good. OK, next one, suppose you were Tony. So, introduce your sister. Yeah, have a try. Oh, can you please?

S: Tony's sister likes music, and she often buys CDs of her favorite songs. She likes going to concerts too, but she doesn't often go to the concert because the tickets are always expensive.

T: Yeah, really good. OK, last one. Let's say it together, OK? One, two, Lingling's aunt and uncle like football, but they don't go to football matches. They usually watch TV at weekends. They always watch AC Milan, but sometimes watch Manchester United. OK, do you know AC Milan and Manchester United? Yeah, two very famous football clubs, right? Which one do they like better? AC Milan, why? Because they, together, always watch. You are so clever.

读后（Post-reading） 目标：学生能够应用所学知识，进行创造性思考和表达。

礼物选择活动：学生分组讨论，为文中人物选择合适的礼物，并说明理由。

OK, boys and girls, you have known about their likes and habits. Could you help the students choose presents for their family? Yes, before we do that, I have a present box; maybe the presents inside can help you. Have a look. What's it? Together.

T: This one, and this one. Yeah, maybe a box of chocolates. When you choose presents, you can choose from them. You can also have your own ideas. Clear, we will choose the present in groups. Group one, you choose for Daming's grandparents. Group two, Daming's mother. Group three, Betty's cousin. Group four, Tony's sister. Group five, Lingling's aunt and uncle. Each group, you can choose more than one present and tell me the reasons. Later, you need to answer me in this way. Attention, for example, I think Daming can choose balabala for their grandparents because they, here you need to talk about their likes, and 'the are' is about their habits. Do you understand? Ok, go.

T: OK, boys and girls, let's talk about the presents together. Group one, what's your idea?

S: I think Daming's grandparents can choose T-shirts for them because they like to stay healthy and they sometimes wear T-shirts.

T: Very good. He has set a very, very good example for us, OK? Anything else? Now, do you agree with him? T-shirts? T-shirts are good?

OK, group two, you please. I think Daming can choose a box of chocolates for his mother because she likes to eat chocolates.

T: Yeah, what about her habit?

S: And her habit is to buy expensive clothes.

T: And so? Is it anything about chocolate? Maybe she doesn't often buy chocolate, so chocolate. Do you agree with her? Is it a good present? No, oh, yes. Why doesn't she often buy any? Why doesn't her mother often buy any?

S: Because it isn't very healthy,

T: Yeah, so when we choose presents, we need to think about if the present is healthy enough, right? Hmm, anything else? Any other presents for Daming's mother? Your group, who wants to try, you OK?

S: I think Daming can choose a scarf and a dress for his mother because she likes going shopping and she always buys expensive clothes.

T: Expensive clothes. So you mean an expensive dress or scarf, right? Yes, hmm, do you agree with him? If you were Daming, would you buy an expensive scarf or dress for your mother?

Yes. Anyway, if you have enough money, that's a good present, OK? Yes, thank you. But we also need to think about the price; not all presents are expensive, right?

OK, group three, what's your idea?

S: I think Betty could choose books and magazines for her cousin because she likes reading and she reads a lot of books and magazines.

T: Books or magazines, do you agree with her? Yes or no?

S: Yes, OK, louder, thank you. What else? Any other presents? You continue?

S: And she can choose a cinema ticket for her cousin.

T: Why?

S: Because Betty's cousin likes films and often goes to the cinema.

T: Very good, do you agree with her? A cinema ticket? Is it a good present? Yes, OK.

Next, group for Tony's sister.

S: I think Tony can choose a concert ticket for his sister because she likes music and she likes going to concerts.

T: Yeah, do you agree with a concert ticket? Yes, if you have enough money, right, and other presents?

S: I think Tony can choose a CD for his sister because she likes music and she always buys CDs of her favorite songs.

T: Very good. CDs, do you agree? Is it a good present? OK, last group.

S: I think I have three ideas. The first one is we can buy a football for Lingling's aunt and uncle because they like football matches. And the second was maybe we can buy a picture of their favorite team.

T: A picture of their favorite team, very good. Why?

And the third one was if we have enough money, maybe we can buy a ticket to the football matches.

T: Yeah, do you agree? A football ticket. Do they often go to football matches? No, maybe they think it takes a lot of time, right? Thank you so much.

课堂总结：教师和学生一起讨论礼物选择的理由，强调个人喜好和习惯的重要性。

OK, boys and girls, you have done a very good job, and I think you may have known a good way to choose presents, right? Yeah, so what is the good way? We need to think about people's likes and habits, right, and maybe we need to think about the price, if it is healthy, and if people need it, and then we can choose a good present for our family and friends.

信息收集：

学生提出想了解Linda的哪些喜好和习惯，教师根据学生的问题提供信息，如她喜欢打篮球、偶尔穿裙子、听音乐等。

Now, let's go back to my problem, what presents should I choose for Linda? What should you know first?

S: Linda's likes and her habits.

T: Do you agree with her? It is very necessary, right? So, what do you want to know?

T: Um, I want to know what she often does.

T: Uh, OK, that's a very good question, but when I answer, you need to listen very carefully because later you have to work in groups to choose one present and tell me the reasons with Linda's likes and habits, clear. Yeah, let me think it over. She likes doing a lot of things. She likes playing basketball very much. You please? Anything you want to know? (The instruction is not very clear.)

S: I think you can choose a basketball for her.

T: You don't want to know anything? OK, sit down, please. Who wants to know anything about Linda's likes and habits, you please?

S: I think you can choose...

T: It's asking time. (How to shift the topic to where you want it?)

S: Basketball match tickets.

T: Uh, you mean she often goes to basketball matches? Yes, she sometimes goes to basketball matches. Anything you want to know?

S: Does she often wear dresses?

T: Yes, she sometimes wears dresses, uh, when she doesn't go to school, but she really likes beautiful dresses. Thank you. OK.

S: What does she often wear when she plays basketball?

T: She often wears T-shirts and sports clothes. Anything else you want to know, um, you please.

S: If she likes comic books or cartoons, I want to ask what's her favorite character in the comic book or the cartoon?

T: Films? (Did not understand what the student said.) She doesn't often go to the cinema, sorry. You please.

S: Does she listen to music?

T: Yes, she does.

S: Does she always listen to CDs?

T: No, she never listens to CDs; she listens to music on her phone and she always wears headphones.

小组讨论：

学生根据Linda的喜好和习惯，分组讨论并选择可能的礼物，准备向全班分享他们的想法和理由。

OK, can you choose the presents? Now, talk about it in groups and tell me the reasons. Begin. Who can choose a present for her? You have a try.

S: Have a basketball; she likes basketball, so she might like a basketball magazine.

T: Yeah, and she often reads magazines. Good. That's a good present. Thank you. What about others? Anything else you want to choose for her? You can talk about it in groups if you don't have ideas. Think about my answers about her likes and habits. She likes dresses, she likes listening to music, anything? OK, you please?

S: Does she like cake?

T: Um, but she doesn't often eat sweet food. Maybe.

S: Does she like ice cream?

T: Yes, ice cream is good, but she doesn't eat much because it's not very healthy.

T: Ah, you, please.

S: Who is her favorite basketball player?

T: Kobe. OK class? Maybe a dress in Hangzhou would be a good present. If you have more good ideas, you can write to me. This is my email address, OK?

T: Now this is your homework, the last part for you. So much for today, boys and girls. Yeah, all of you have a good performance, big hands for ourselves. Yes, thank you so much. Goodbye, everyone.

专家点评1：

今天上午的课程，我非常感激王老师为我们带来的启示。特别是他对教学目标的设定，我们可以从会议手册中找到教学目标的详细描述。众所周知，教学评价的核心是目标的设定，这是至关重要的。

一个好目标的设定，应该包含以下几个方面：

1.基于核心素养的目标：目标应合理，符合学生的实际需求。

2.ABCD原则：即学习主体是学生（A），行为必须是可观察的（B），明确目标实现的条件（C），以及目标达成的程度（D）。

在观课过程中，老师们可以关注每位老师的目标描述，是否遵循了ABCD原则。

此外，目标将引导我们的教学过程。在教学过程中，我们可以问自己三个问题来评估教学目标是否得到实现：

1.学生要达到什么目标？（Where are the students going?）

2.学生目前处于什么状态？（Where are the students now?）

3.学生如何达到目标？（How can the students get there?）

王老师在课程中通过侄女Linda购买礼物的例子，引导学生提出建议，为阅读打下基础。但同时，我们也需要思考，如果突然让孩子们选择礼物，我们的重心应该放在哪里？例如，如果课程主题是“选择礼物”，我们的关注点应该是什么？

在孩子们回答问题时，我们观察他们的思维方式，是否清晰有序。课文为我们提供了一种方法，即根据学生的喜好和习惯来选择礼物。

然而，我们也需要注意，孩子们的回答是否符合我们的教学思路，即是否围绕“喜好”和“习惯”进行选择。如果偏离了这个思路，老师应该如何引导他们回到正确的轨道上。

在教学过程中，老师应该明确自己的目标，了解学生当前的状态，并引导他们达到目标。例如，王老师在课程中提到：“Today we just read the passage and know more about how to choose the presents.” 这表明了教学目标的清晰性。

但是，我们也需要注意，教学目标的设定应该与文本内容相匹配。如果文本本身并没有直接讲述如何选择礼物，那么我们应该如何解读它？例如，如果文本更多地讨论了在选择礼物时应考虑的因素，那么我们应该引导学生思考这些因素，而不是仅仅停留在表面的选择行为上。

最后，老师在教学过程中应该培养学生的认知策略，如结构化阅读和寻找段落的目的。这样，学生在阅读过程中能够更加主动地寻找重点，而不是被动地接受信息。

由于时间关系，我今天只分享这两点感受。希望这些思考能对大家的教学有所启发。

专家点评2：

王老师今天的课程给我留下了深刻的印象，特别是他对于核心素养培养的指向和课程理念的落实。在江南初中的同学们身上，我们看到了一堂真实且成功的课。我一直认为，成功的课不在于完美无缺，而是在于它能够激发我们的思考，给学生留下成长的空间。正是这种有生长的课，才是真正完美的。

王老师的课程安排非常合理，特别是在阅读时间的分配上。在35分钟的课程中，阅读时间共计用了19分零5秒，包括两次阅读，第一次40秒，第二次两分零一秒。此外，课程的最后15秒用于学生提问和展示，这样的时间安排我非常认可。

学生展示的时间也控制得很好，第一次展示由四位同学进行，共计6分11秒；第二次展示在小组工作后，用了3分56秒。整体上，我对时间的分配表示认可。

课程中给我印象特别深刻的是主题情境的创设。通过主题引领，学生能够在不知不觉中感受到学习英语的魅力。从Lucy的故事开始到结束，就像带领我们进入一个主题公园，让我们在游玩中学习如何根据不同的人选择不同的礼物。选礼物对我来说一直是个难题，因为它涉及到对方的需要和我能给什么。通过四位同学对不同对象信息的获取和判断，再给出礼物的选择，这不仅是解决真实问题的过程，也为学生未来给朋友和家人选礼物提供了指引。因此，主题情境的创设非常成功。

此外，王老师在培养学生的问题意识方面也做得很好，给予了学生足够的时间来提问和思考。例如，让学生根据Lucy的情况来选择礼物，这不仅锻炼了学生的问题意识，也提高了他们解决问题的能力。

最后，我想反馈的是，我们杭州的学生使用的是人教版教材，而今天使用的是外研版教材。对于Betty, Daming, Lingling和Tony这四个角色，杭州的学生可能不太了解他们的文化背景，因此在选择礼物时只能基于个人情况。礼物的选择与文化背景有很大关系，所以在核心素养培养方面，尤其是文化意识的传递，我认为今天的课程是非常成功的。