安装过程省略......
一、配置静态IP
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 #修改配置文件
service network restart #重启网卡
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static #设置为静态ip，dhcp 为动态
DEFROUTaE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=c886eb0e-1c9b-462b-9160-70bdadc175f4
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes #开机自动加载
IPADDR=192.168.1.195
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.2
DNS1=192.168.1.2 #在vmware中安装的话，需要配置成网关地址才能访问外网
二、关闭防火墙
systemctl status firewalld.service #查看状态
systemctl start firewalld.service #启动
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁用开机自启
systemctl enable firewalld.service #开机自启
三、关闭selinux
vi /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled #disabled 禁用
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
四、修改操作系统核心参数
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
vi /etc/sysctl.conf #sysctl -p 配置立即生效
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
vi /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
五、安装前准备
1.创建运行oracle数据库的系统用户和用户组
groupadd oinstall #创建oinstall用户组
groupadd dba #创建dba用户组
usermod -g oinstall -g dba oracle #给现有用户添加组，已存在用户使用这条
useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle #创建oracle用户并添加到组
passwd oracle #修改密码
id oracle #查看用户状态
2.创建数据库软件目录和数据文件存放目录
mkdir /home/oracle/app
mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle
mkdir /home/oracle/app/oradata
mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/product
chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/app #更改目录属主为Oracle用户所有
vi .bash_profile #配置oracle用户的环境变量
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
export DISPLAY=127.0.0.1:1.0 #设置Display 环境变量，不能配置后不能进入图形界面
3.配置yum安装xrdp
yum install epel* -y #配置源
yum --enablerepo=epel -y install xrdp #安装xrdp
systemctl start xrdp #启动xrdp
systemctl enable xrdp #开机自启
4.配置hosts
vi /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=oracle
vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 oracle
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.195 oracle
hostname oracle
六、开始安装
1.解压安装包
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
2.图形化安装
./runInstaller
./runInstaller -ignoreSysPreReqs
./runInstaller -jreLoc /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0
3.安装依赖包
yum install gcc-3.4.6
.....
wget -O /tmp/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm http://vault.centos.org/5.11/os/x86_64/CentOS/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
cd /tmp/
rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
4.安装过程略
5.root权限执行
sh /app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
七、配置listener
netca #配置监听listener
lsnrctl status
lsnrctl start #启动监听
#https://localhost:1158/em
emctl start dbconsole #启动控制台
dbca #创建Oracle数据实例
八、启动数据库
sqlplus /nolog
connect / as sysdba
startup #启动数据库
九、配置ORACLE远程连接
vi /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(ORACLE_HOME =/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = qas)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.194)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /home/oracle/app
vi tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
QAS =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.194)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = QAS)
)
)
LISTENER_QAS =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.194)(PORT = 1521))
10、安装过程问题汇总
1.ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39731782/article/details/110906258
2.ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/kruie/article/details/88640296
3.ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
参考：https://blog.51cto.com/qingmiao/2124470
4.修改内核（/etc/sysctl.conf）
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/csgd2000/article/details/100224722
5.修改字符集
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/u014710633/article/details/89418744
