一 words＆expressions
1. This glimpse came courtesy of three researchers associated with the University of British Columbia
courtesy of sb： by someone's permission or kindness, rather than by paying them承蒙某人的允许; 由于某人的好意〔而不是由于付了钱〕
造句：The company advertised for a new Sales Director through the courtesy of the local newspaper.
2. The coaches there were more receptive to talking about how to train representations because they trained young players
receptive:willing to consider new ideas or listen to someone else's opinions〔对新思想、别人的意见〕乐于接受的，愿意倾听的
造句：Films audiences are receptive to advertising.
3. it will make a relatively small difference to the rest of the world if these few people get marginally better at what they do.
marginally：not enough to make an important difference稍微，略微
4. —the limitations of attention and short-term memory kick in.
kick in：informal to start or to begin to have an effect开始见效; 开始运作
例句：The painkillers kicked in and he became sleepy.
5. However, if this information is assimilated as part of building mental representations aimed at doing something
assimilate：①to completely understand and begin to use new ideas, information etc吸收，理解; 掌握②if people assimilate or are assimilated into a country or group, they become part of that group and are accepted by the people in that group融入;（使）同化
造句：They assimilated their customs and behavior to the new environment.
6. teaching them simply to plug numbers into an equation.
plug into：to realize that something is available to be used and use it意识到可以利用
例句：A lot of students don't plug into all the research facilities we have.
7. The best way to help students develop their skills and mental representations in an area is to give them models they can replicate and learn from
replicate：if you replicate someone's work, a scientific study etc, you do it again, or try to get the same result again重做; 复制
造句：It might be impractical to replicate Eastern culture in the west.
8. A world in which deliberate practice is a normal part of life would be one in which people had more volition and satisfaction.
volition：the power to make your own decisions决断能力；意志力
例句：They left entirely of their own volition.
二 summary ＆ thoughts
第九章的主题是“用刻意练习创造全新的世界”
改变教育与学习
英属哥伦比亚大学的三位研究人员运用刻意练习原因做了一个物理教学的实验：一组是传统教学的对照组，另一组通过在课堂上提问和老师解答的方式，让学生学会主动学习。测试结果显示，一周时间里，改进组的学生掌握的物理知识量是普通对照组的 2.5 倍。
几乎在每一个教育领域，最有益的学习目标都是那些帮助学生创建有效心理表征的目标。
当今的社会是一个知识快速更新的社会，随之，我们需要掌握的技能也就越来越多。而刻意学习的方法无疑给我们提供了信心。这个方法几乎可以应用在所有我们所以要学习的领域。
