/**

• <p>
• 已经集成了录音、编码、压缩等，支持少量的录音音频格式，大概有.aac（API = 16） .amr .3gp
• <p>
• 优点：大部分以及集成，直接调用相关接口即可，代码量小
• <p>
• 缺点：无法实时处理音频；输出的音频格式不是很多，例如没有输出mp3格式文件
  */

实现:

MediaRecord:

public class MediaRecordManager {

    private static MediaRecordManager INSTANCE = null;
    private MediaRecorder mediaRecorder;

    public static MediaRecordManager getInstance() {
        if (INSTANCE == null)
            synchronized (MediaRecordManager.class) {
                if (INSTANCE == null)
                    INSTANCE = new MediaRecordManager();
            }
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    /**
     * 配置MediaRecord，开始录音
     */
    public void start(String savePath) {
        try {
            if (mediaRecorder == null) {
                mediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
                mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);//音频的采集方式
                mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);//音频的输出格式
                mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);//音频的编码格式
            }
            //输出音频文件
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFile(savePath);
            mediaRecorder.prepare();
            mediaRecorder.start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //停止录制音频，释放资源
    public void stop() {
        if (mediaRecorder != null) {
            mediaRecorder.stop();
            mediaRecorder.release();
            mediaRecorder = null;
        }
    }
}

MediaPlayer:

public class MediaPlayerManager {

    private static MediaPlayerManager INSTANCE = null;
    private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;

    public static MediaPlayerManager getInstance() {
        if (INSTANCE == null)
            synchronized (MediaPlayerManager.class) {
                if (INSTANCE == null)
                    INSTANCE = new MediaPlayerManager();
            }
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    //播放音频资源
    public boolean play(String sourcePath) {
        return play(sourcePath, new MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {
                        stop();
                    }
                },
                new MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener() {
                    @Override
                    public boolean onError(MediaPlayer mp, int what, int extra) {
                        stop();
                        return false;
                    }
                });
    }

    private boolean play(String url, MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener completionListener,
                         MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener onErrorListener) {
        stop();
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(url))
            return false;
        try {
            if (mediaPlayer == null) {
                mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
                mediaPlayer.setDataSource(url);
                mediaPlayer.setVolume(0.7f, 0.7f);//设置左右声道的音量大小
                mediaPlayer.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC);
                mediaPlayer.prepare();
                mediaPlayer.start();
                mediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(completionListener);
                mediaPlayer.setOnErrorListener(onErrorListener);
                return true;
            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            stop();
        }
        return false;
    }

    public void stop() {
        if (mediaPlayer != null) {
            mediaPlayer.stop();
            mediaPlayer.release();
            mediaPlayer = null;
        }
    }
}

调用:

 /**
     * 录制音频
     *
     * @param view view
     */
    public void mediaRecord(View view) {
        //检查文件写入的权限
        int i = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
        if (i == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            mediaRecord();
        } else {
            //申请文件写入的权限
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, 12);
        }
    }

    private MediaRecordManager mediaRecordManager;
    private String url;

    private void mediaRecord() {
        getSourcePath();
        if (mediaRecordManager == null)
            mediaRecordManager = MediaRecordManager.getInstance();
        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(url))
            mediaRecordManager.start(url);

    }

    private void getSourcePath() {
        File downLoadFile = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS);
        if (downLoadFile != null) {
            String path = downLoadFile.getPath() + File.separator + "Audio";
            File file = new File(path);
            file.mkdirs();
            url = path + File.separator + "test.amr";
        }
    }

    public void mediaRecordStop(View view) {
        mediaRecordManager.stop();
    }

    private MediaPlayerManager mediaPlayerManager;

    /**
     * 播放音频
     *
     * @param view view
     */
    public void mediaPlayer(View view) {
        getSourcePath();
        if (mediaPlayerManager == null)
            mediaPlayerManager = MediaPlayerManager.getInstance();
        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(url))
            mediaPlayerManager.play(url);
    }

关于Android的AudioRecord和AudioTrack可以查看我的上一篇