这是我学习到的一些重要规则，发到这里，希望对大家有用。纯英文，也算是种练习吧。
1/
The sound /ə/ is the most common sound in the whole English language,it is so common that it even has its own name, schwa.It can be defficult to hear the schwa because it is never strssed.
However,it is a vowel sound that is used in many grammar words like articles and prepositions.
When the word is unstrssed,then the vowel sound changes to a schwa -/ə/.
These are called weak forms.
examples:
"was"becomes /wəz/;
"were"becomes /wə/;
"can"(/kæn/) changes to /kən/
The word "a"and"of" are both pronouced as /ə/
2/
In every speech,when a /t/ sound comes in between two consonent sounds,we often do not pronounce it.
when a /d/ sound comes in between two other consonents,in many cases the /d/ is not pronounced.
When a sound disappears in between two words,it is called elision(省略音）.
examples:
"and" becomes /ən/ or even /n/ .
Because ,"AND" is not usually an importang word,it is a basic conjunction and it is frequently unstressed,When this happens,the /d/ at the end of the word disappears
before both vowel sound at the beginning of the word changes to schwa:/ə/,so "and" becomes /ən/ or even /n/ as the sounds are almost identical.
3/
In fluent speech,when one word ends in a consonant sound and the next word begins in a vowel sound,we link the two sounds together without a pause in beween them.
This is called catenation(连音).
example:
“an egg" becomes "anegg".
“would you" becomes "wouldyou",It is pronouced as "/wudʒu:/" or "/wudʒə/ "(the /u:/ change to schwa /ə/).
4/
When we use the verb "have" in its modal form:"have to",the /v/ at the end of the word changes to an /f/.
Also the vowel sound in the word "to" changes to a schewa /ə/.
"Have to"becomes /hæftə/
5/
If a word ends in an /ɔː/ sound,like "law" and next word begans in an /ə/,you will often hear a /r/ sound linking them together,and this is called intrusion(插入音）。
example:
“low and order" becomes "law-r-and-order",it flows better.
6/
When one word ends in an /uː/ sound and the next begins in a vowel sound we can just about hear another sound /w/ in between.This is called the linking /w/.
example:
“The shoe is on the wrong foot" becomes "The shoewis on the wrong foot".
7/
In fluent speech,When one word ends in a /t/ sound and the next begins with a /j/ sound ,like "you" or "your",then the two sounds come together and change to /tʃ/ .
example:
“meet you" becomes "mi:tʃu:"
And it is called assimilation(语音同化）.
8/
When one word ends in the sound /n/ and the next word begins with a /p/,/b/,/w/,or /m/ sound,then the /n/ from the end of the word changes to an /m/ sound.
example:
“sandwich" becomes "samwich".
Because ,the /d/ disppears in between two consonants and when an /n/ followed by a /w/ ,then the /n/ changes to /m/ before /w/ .
9/
The /r/ at the end of the word is not pronounces if the next word begins with a consonant sound .The word after "r" begins with a vowel sound,in this case,the "r" is pronounce.This is called a "linking r" (连接音)and it helps to make smoothly in natural speech.
example:
"war and peace" becomes " /wə:rənpi:s/ "
10/
The pronounciation of the word "the" will change depending on the word that follows.
If the next word begins in a consonent sound,it is pronounced /ðə/,
But,if the next word begins in a vowel sound,it is pronounced /ði:/.
