Children born during the coronavirus pandemic

Children born during pandemic have lower IQs, US study finds

美国研究发现,疫情期间出生的婴儿认知水平相对更低


Children born during the coronavirus pandemic have significantly reduced verbal, motor and overall cognitive performance compared with children born before, a US study suggests.

美国一项研究表明,在新冠疫情期间出生的婴儿,与此前出生的新生儿相比,其语言、运动以及整体认知能力明显下降。


With Covid-19 triggering the closure of businesses, nurseries, schools and playgrounds, life for infants changed considerably, with parents stressed and stretched as they tried to balance work and childcare.

新冠病毒的侵袭导致企业、托儿所、学校以及游乐场纷纷关闭,于是新生儿们的日常生活发生了诸多变化。父母在挣扎着平衡工作和育儿的过程中,常感压力巨大,分身乏术。


With limited stimulation at home and less interaction with the world outside, pandemic-era children appear to have scored shockingly low on tests designed to assess cognitive development, said lead study author Sean Deoni, associate professor of paediatrics (research) at Brown University.***

来自布朗大学儿科(研究)的副教授肖恩·迪奥尼是该项研究的第一作者,他指出,由于家中激发(婴儿大脑活力)的条件有限,加之与外界交流甚少,疫情时代的新生儿们在认知发展的评估测验当中,得分之低出人意料。


"It's not subtle by any stretch," said Deoni. "You don't typically see things like that, outside of major cognitive disorders."

迪奥尼表示:“这不管怎么说都绝非小事儿,除非是存在严重的认知功能障碍,否则一般情况下你都不会碰上这类状况。”


Whether these lower cognitive scores will have a long-term impact is unclear. In the first few years of life, the foundations for cognition are laid, much like building a house — it's easier to add rooms or flourishes when you're building the foundation, Deoni said. "The ability to course-correct becomes smaller, the older that child gets.***"

至于目前并不理想的认知测验表现,是否会对新生儿产生长期影响,这一点尚未可知。迪奥尼说,在刚出生的头几年时间里,认知能力的基础便已奠定;这跟盖房子是一个道理——当你还在打地基的时候,要想新增房间数量或是另加装饰都会更容易些。“随着孩子们逐渐长大,他们的修正能力会逐步减退。”


Given this data comes from a relatively affluent part of the US, the fear is that things could be worse in poorer parts of the country and the world, he added.

迪奥尼还补充道,考虑到本次研究数据是来自美国相对富裕的地区,他担心在美国乃至全世界的贫困地区,情况可能更加不容乐观。


The key factor influencing these lower scores in infants has likely been stress on parents who faced challenges in both working and providing full-time attentive childcare, said Sir Terence Stephenson, a Nuffield professor of child health at University College London.

特伦斯·斯蒂芬森爵士是伦敦大学学院的纳菲尔德儿童健康学教授。他表示,导致儿童认知表现不佳的关键因素或许在于父母承担的压力,因为他们面临着来自职场和全职育儿的双重挑战。


"Perhaps not surprising that children from lower socioeconomic families have been most affected as this resonates with many of the other financial, employment and health impacts of the pandemic."

“所在家庭的社会经济地位较低的新生儿,其受到的影响最为严重,而这或许并非在意料之外。因为这个情况充满了疫情对金融、就业以及公共健康方面产生的影响。”


主编:Bao、Jenny

品控:木子

审核:Maisie

重点词汇

verbal

/ˈvɜː.bəl/

adj. 言语的,文字的

英文释义:relating to words

搭配短语:verbal skills(语言表达能力)

motor

/ˈməʊ.tər/

adj. 肌肉运动的;运动神经的

词性拓展:motor(n. 发动机,马达)

搭配短语:motor functions(运动神经功能)

搭配短语:motor activities(肌肉运动)

cognitive

/ˈkɒɡ.nə.tɪv/

adj. 认知的,感知的

英文释义:related to the process of knowing, understanding, and learning something

搭配短语:cognitive functions(认知能力)

搭配短语:cognitive development(认知发展)

trigger

/ˈtrɪɡ.ər/

v. 引发,激发,触发

词性拓展:trigger(n.(枪的)扳机;起因,诱因)

搭配短语:to trigger the alarm(触发警报器)

stretched

/stretʃt/

adj. 竭尽所能的;紧绷的

词性拓展:stretch(v. 拉紧;伸展,延伸)

例句:The sweater has stretched.(这件毛衣撑变形了。)

搭配短语:stretch your legs(久坐之后)活动活动腿脚

英文释义:having difficulty doing everything that you should because you lack the necessary time, money, people, or equipment

stimulation

/ˌstɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/

n. 激发,刺激作用

相关词汇:stimulate(v. 刺激,促进)

搭配短语:intellectual stimulation

例句:The playgroup would provide plenty of stimulation for the children.

associate professor

副教授

相关词汇:associate(adj. 副的)

词义拓展:associate(v. 联络;关联)

搭配短语:associate director

相关词汇:professor(n. 教授)

paediatrics

/ˌpiː.diːˈæt.rɪks/

n. 儿科学

subtle

/ˈsʌt.əl/

adj. 微妙的;不易察觉的

英文释义:not easy to notice or understand unless you pay careful attention

搭配短语:subtle differences

例句:He's been dropping subtle hints about what he'd like as a present.

by any stretch

无论如何,不管怎么样

同义表述:by any stretch of the imagination

相关表述:not ... by any stretch(绝不)

同义表述:by no stretch

例句:This is not an ordinary night by any stretch of the imagination.

outside of

除非,除了……之外

同义表述:except for

lay the foundations for sth.

为某事奠定基础

相关词汇:foundation(n. 基础)

近义词:base

相关词汇:lay(v. 放;铺设)

flourish

/ˈflʌr.ɪʃ/

n. 装饰品,修饰物;花体

英文释义:details and decorations

补充:flour 在古英语中指“花”。

course-correct

回到正轨;修正方向

相关词汇:course(n. 路径;走向)

相关词汇:correct(v. 改正,修正)

affluent

/ˈæf.lu.ənt/

adj. 富裕的,富足的

近义词:rich, wealthy, prosperous

文化补充:美国的罗得岛州属于东北部新英格兰的一部分,是美国早期 13 州之一。其首府普罗维登斯(Providence)是美国最早的工业化城市之一,也是著名常春藤私立大学布朗大学所在地;罗得岛州另一著名城市新港(New Port)则是重要的海军基地。过去罗得岛州曾是美国典型的富人区。19 世纪末 20 世纪初(即美国的“镀金时代”)开始,美国各地的富人相继来到这里建造自己的豪宅。

attentive

/əˈten.tɪv/

adj. 悉心照顾的,照顾周到的

相关词汇:attend(v. 照顾)

socioeconomic

/ˌsəʊ.si.əʊˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪk/

adj. 社会经济的

词根词缀:socio-(表示“社会的,社会学的”)

相关词汇:economic(adj. 经济的)

英文释义 :based on a combination of social and economic conditions

相关词汇:social status(社会地位)

resonate with sth.

充满;与......产生共鸣

相关词汇:resonate(v. 产生共鸣,共振)

英文释义 :to be full of a particular quality or feeling(充满)

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