概况
Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. With Compose, you use a Compose file to configure your application’s services. Then, using a single command, you create and start all the services from your configuration.
Using Compose is basically a three-step process.
- Define your app’s environment with a Dockerfile so it can be reproduced anywhere.
- Define the services that make up your app in docker-compose.yml so they can be run together in an isolated environment.
- Lastly, run docker-compose up and Compose will start and run your entire app.
Docker Compose 是定义和运行多容器 Docker 应用的工具。何谓多容器？Gogs 应用需要gogs 和 mysql这两个容器。如果没有Compose 工具，就必须分别安装好Mysql镜像和Gogs镜像，再分别启动。Compose 工具提供了一种能力，一个命令就可以创建和启动Gogs 应用
参考网页： Docker Compose Overview
Docker Compose 的安装
前置条件
- 桌面操作系统： Win 10 64位家庭中文版
- 虚拟机软件 ： Oracle VirtualBox 5.1.6
- 虚拟机操作系统 ： CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
- Linux 内核 ： 3.10.0-327.36.2.el7.x86_64
- docker 安装版本：docker 1.12.2
安装过程
参考页面： Compose Install
- 下载 docker-compose 并安装
[root@localhost ~]# curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.8.1/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 600 0 600 0 0 363 0 --:--:-- 0:00:01 --:--:-- 363
0 7798k 0 69186 0 0 304 0 7:17:50 0:03:47 7:14:03 0
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7986086 10月 19 13:04 /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@localhost ~]# docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.8.1, build 878cff1
- 编写Docker Compose 服务配置文件 yml
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir compose
[root@localhost ~]# cd compose
[root@localhost compose]# vi docker-compose.yml
# mysql service
mydb:
image: mysql:latest
ports:
- "13307:3306"
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
volumes:
- /opt/mydata2/:/var/lib/mysql
# gogs service
mygogs:
image: gogs/gogs:latest
ports:
- "10033:22"
- "10090:3000"
volumes:
- /var/gogs2/:/data
links:
- mydb
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose up
- 使用Compose 启动应用
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose up
[root@localhost compose]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
07a5e03d6353 gogs/gogs:latest "docker/start.sh /bin" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 0.0.0.0:10033->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10090->3000/tcp compose_mygogs_1
fd10f315ad68 mysql:latest "docker-entrypoint.sh" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 0.0.0.0:13307->3306/tcp compose_mydb_1
说明：
- 默认情况，
docker-compose会找当前目录下的docker-compose.yml文件，工程名使用目录名 - 所以
docker ps看到的容器名称是[工程名]_[服务名]_1
- docker-compose 命令参数
[root@localhost compose]# mv docker-compose.yml gogs_app.yml
[root@localhost compose]# ls
gogs_app.yml
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose -f gogs_app.yml -p GogsApp up -d
Creating gogsapp_mydb_1
Creating gogsapp_mygogs_1
[root@localhost compose]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a5c85165cb29 gogs/gogs:latest "docker/start.sh /bin" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:10033->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10090->3000/tcp gogsapp_mygogs_1
43e0a6d11c5a mysql:latest "docker-entrypoint.sh" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:13307->3306/tcp gogsapp_mydb_1
命令 docker-compose -f gogs_app.yml -p GogsApp up -d 说明如下：
-
-f gogs_app.yml指定读取的 yml 文件 -
-p GogsApp指定工程名 -
-d指定是docker-compose 以后台进程的方式启动
- Compose 配置文件格式有两个版本，推荐使用Version 2.0
here are two versions of the Compose file format:
- Version 1, the legacy format. This is specified by omitting a version key at the root of the YAML.
- Version 2, the recommended format. This is specified with a version: '2' entry at the root of the YAML.
我们把上述例子修改成版本2.0，然后演示了启动应用、列出容器、停止容器、启动容器、卸载应用
[root@localhost compose]# vi gogs_app.yml
# compose demo
version: '2'
services:
# mysql service
mydb:
image: mysql:latest
ports:
- "13307:3306"
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 123456
volumes:
- /opt/mydata2/:/var/lib/mysql
# gogs service
mygogs:
image: gogs/gogs:latest
ports:
- "10033:22"
- "10090:3000"
volumes:
- /var/gogs2/:/data
links:
- mydb
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose -f gogs_app.yml -p gapp up -d
Creating network "gapp_default" with the default driver
Creating gapp_mydb_1
Creating gapp_mygogs_1
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose -f gogs_app.yml -p gapp ps
Name Command State Ports
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
gapp_mydb_1 docker-entrypoint.sh mysqld Up 0.0.0.0:13307->3306/tcp
gapp_mygogs_1 docker/start.sh /bin/s6-sv ... Up 0.0.0.0:10033->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10090->3000/tcp
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose -f gogs_app.yml -p gapp stop
Stopping gapp_mygogs_1 ... done
Stopping gapp_mydb_1 ... done
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose -f gogs_app.yml -p gapp start
Starting mydb ... done
Starting mygogs ... done
[root@localhost compose]# docker-compose -f gogs_app.yml -p gapp down
Stopping gapp_mygogs_1 ... done
Stopping gapp_mydb_1 ... done
Removing gapp_mygogs_1 ... done
Removing gapp_mydb_1 ... done
Removing network gapp_default
