1. 这是什么词？
词：ground
英英释义：a reason for what you say or do, or for being allowed to say or do something
例句：Gene editing has drawn widespread public criticism on ethical grounds.
2. 为什么选这个词？
“ground”作名词有很多意思，除了最常见的“地面”外，它也常被用于表示“理由”“根据”。掌握了 ground 的这个用法，我们就可以在很多场景下，用它替换 reason，because 等，让表达具有多样性。
ground 表示“理由”时，一定要注意：它一般都会以复数形式 grounds 出现。
我们常说的“实锤”（即“确凿的证据”）就可以用到 ground。比如一位女性指控他人性骚扰，如果有确凿的证据的话，我们就可以说：
She has valid grounds for accusing him of sexual harassment.
“基因编辑婴儿”曝光后引来了许多争议，许多人从伦理层面批评这个项目。我们可以用英文说成：
Gene editing has drawn widespread public criticism on ethical grounds.
ground 常和介词 on 搭配构成短语 on the grounds of/that， 表示“因为…的理由”“以…为根据”。我们在论证说理时就可以用到它，如果你准备考雅思和托福，一定要掌握它。
《经济学人》在介绍西湖大学时，提到现任校长施一公的教学理念时就用到了 on the grounds that：
Mr Shi believes that if elite universities select students on the grounds not just of their test scores, but also of their intellectual maturity and social responsibility, this will influence the way pupils are taught at school, and change the way they think.
3. 怎样学会使用这个词？
1）使用《牛津英语搭配词典》查“ground”，了解它作为名词表示“理由”时的常用搭配。
注意事项：on the ground that...和 on the grounds that...相同，都作“以……为理由”解。例如：He was severely criticized on the ground(s) that he did not work hard. on the ground of（以……为理由）里不可用复数形式。on...grounds（以……的理由）里不可用单数形式 ground，如该说 on public grounds和 on humanitarian grounds。
a. [搭配]ADJ.
good, reasonable, sufficient, valid 正当的理由；合理的依据；足够的理由；令人信服的根据
b. [搭配]VERB + GROUNDS
have 有理由:
The constable had reasonable grounds for arresting her. 警察有正当的理由逮捕她。
give (sb) 给（某人）理由以…:
His evasiveness gave grounds for the suspicion that he knew more than he was saying. 他含糊其词，让人有理由怀疑他没有把知道的都说出来。
c. [搭配]PREP.
on ... ~s 由于…原因:
Permission to open a mine was denied on environmental grounds. 由于环境方面的原因，开矿被否决了。
on the ~s of 因为…原因:
He resigned from his post on the grounds of ill health. 他以身体不好为理由辞职了。
~ for 导致…的原因:
Drunkenness at work was sufficient grounds for instant dismissal. 工作时醉酒足可导致立即被开除。
2）翻译下面的句子：
因为英语不够好，他拒绝了邀请。
（参考翻译：He turned down the invitation on the grounds that his English was not good enough. 或者 On the grounds of inadequate English, he declined the invitation. ）
3）结合自己的生活、学习、工作、兴趣等，想象在什么语境下会用到这个表达。先简要描述这个场景，再造句。
场景1： 因为天气不好，航班被取消了。
造句：On the grounds of bad weather, the flights were canceled.
场景2： 我们采取这个措施，是有充足的理论依据的。
造句：We take this measure on the sufficient theoretical grounds.
例句：I wonder if there are some solid legal grounds on which I could sue them?
However, interest-based financing systems can neither be justified on the grounds of efficiency nor on the basis of economic justice.
