中国足球前史

"Kick the ball with foot."That is "football."“用足踢球”,那就是“足球”。

There is another similar name in ancient China: Cuju. "Cu" means to kick, "ju" means a type of leather ball filled with feathers. Since 2500 years ago, Cuju has become a type of sport in Warring States era which can be looked up from the historical book: Zhan Guo Ce(Stratagems of the Warring States) .

在古代中国,有另一个很相似的名字:蹴鞠。“蹴”意思是:踢,鞠是一种用羽毛填充的皮球。早在2500年前,蹴鞠就已经成为战国时期的一种运动。在史书《战国策》中便对蹴鞠有所提及。

In Han Dynasty, Cuju is a fitness training for the military cavaliers. Later, it becomes popular and the popularity spreads from army to the upper class and royal courts. The first emperor of the Han Dynasty-Han Gao Zu and another emperor Han Wu Di (They both are the outstanding emperors in Chinese history) are great fans of Cuju. At this time, Cuju developed into a type of sport which was often held inside the imperial palace. Cuju games were standardized and the rules were established at the same time. There weretwo teams to compete each other and there were two crescent-shaped goal posts at each side.

汉代时,蹴鞠是军队里武士训练的一个项目。后来,它开始从军队流行到上流社会而后又到宫廷里。汉朝两位杰出的领导人:开朝皇帝汉高祖(刘邦)和后来的汉武帝(刘彻)都是超级蹴鞠爱好者。那时,蹴鞠已成为皇宫里经常举行的运动项目。此时,蹴鞠的规则也开始逐渐标准化起来。比赛时分两队互相竞技,两边各有一个弯月形的球门。

In Tang Dynasty, the original rubber ball with leather skin outside was replaced by an air-filled ball with a two-layered hull. And two types of goal posts emerged: one was made by setting up two goal posts with a net at each end, the other consisted of just one goal post in the center of the field between the two teams.

唐朝时,原来的那种羽毛填充的皮球升级为两层外皮包裹并由空气填充的球体。同时,赛场上的球门有两种不同的分布方式:一种是在两队的边上各有一个带网的球门,另一种是在两队中间的场地中心只设一个球门。

The fast development of the sport Cuju was flourished in Song Dynasty. The emperor of Song-Song Hui Zong was crazy about it. In the great historical novel SHUI HU ZHUAN( English name: ALL MEN ARE BROTHERS), there was an official named Gao Qiu who was much favored by the emperor as a great extent because he was a professional Cuju player. During Song Dynasty, Cuju has two teams also, each team has eleven players with the uniforms in different colours. The players competed each other fiercely, and there is a referee to make sure the fairness of the game.

到了宋代,蹴鞠开始快速发展并显示出生机蓬勃的迹象。宋朝皇帝宋徽宗对此极为痴迷。在知名历史小说《水浒传》中,有一位名叫高裘的太尉深得宋徽宗的宠信,很大一部分原因就是因为他是一位蹴鞠高手。此时,蹴鞠还是有两队,每队有11位选手,穿着代表各队颜色的球衣。队员们在场上激战,同时,会有一位裁判来确保比赛的公正性。

However, due to the upper-class people particularly some officials are indulged in this games and ingored their own job responsibilities. The first emperor of Ming-Ming Tai Zu banned this sport. Although civilians still play Cuju in private, it begins to decline during Ming and Qing Dynasty because the government's crackdown.

然而,由于上流社会特别是一些朝廷官员开始沉迷于这项运动以至于忽视了自己的本职工作,于是在明太祖(朱元璋)开创大明王朝后,便明令禁止这项运动。虽然民间还有一些人私下里玩一玩。但是由于朝廷的打压,在明清时期,这项运动开始逐渐衰落了。

The modern football games stemmed from some of the villages of England. Later, it gradually becomes popular and well-known by nearby cities. In 1863, the game was standardized and ruled by nations. And becomes popular in the world.

现代足球起初流行在英国的一些小村镇里,后来,它逐渐在附近的村镇也开始流行起来。1863年,这项运动开始由国家出手进行标准化和制度化。之后,开始在世界各地流行起来。

Nowadays, football doesn't belong to China or any of the other countries. It belongs to all the human beings. Should more and more Chinese football players have a better understanding of the world by English language and world culture, I believe Chinese football team will become the better football team not only to be respected by Chinese people but to be respected by the world people.

现在,足球不专属于中国或其他任何一个国家,它是属于全人类的一项运动。如果越来越多的中国球员能通过英语和世界文化对世界有更多的理解,我相信中国足球队不仅会得到中国人民的尊重,也会得到全世界人民的尊重。

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