998 Maximum Binary Tree II 最大二叉树 II
Description:
A maximum tree is a tree where every node has a value greater than any other value in its subtree.
You are given the root of a maximum binary tree and an integer val.
Just as in the previous problem, the given tree was constructed from a list a (root = Construct(a)) recursively with the following Construct(a) routine:
If a is empty, return null.
Otherwise, let a[i] be the largest element of a. Create a root node with the value a[i].
The left child of root will be Construct([a[0], a[1], ..., a[i - 1]]).
The right child of root will be Construct([a[i + 1], a[i + 2], ..., a[a.length - 1]]).
Return root.
Note that we were not given a directly, only a root node root = Construct(a).
Suppose b is a copy of a with the value val appended to it. It is guaranteed that b has unique values.
Return Construct(b).
Example:
Example 1:
Input: root = [4,1,3,null,null,2], val = 5
Output: [5,4,null,1,3,null,null,2]
Explanation: a = [1,4,2,3], b = [1,4,2,3,5]
Example 2:
Input: root = [5,2,4,null,1], val = 3
Output: [5,2,4,null,1,null,3]
Explanation: a = [2,1,5,4], b = [2,1,5,4,3]
Example 3:
Input: root = [5,2,3,null,1], val = 4
Output: [5,2,4,null,1,3]
Explanation: a = [2,1,5,3], b = [2,1,5,3,4]
Constraints:
The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [1, 100].
1 <= Node.val <= 100
All the values of the tree are unique.
1 <= val <= 100
题目描述:
最大树定义：一个树，其中每个节点的值都大于其子树中的任何其他值。
给出最大树的根节点 root。
就像之前的问题那样，给定的树是从列表 A（root = Construct(A)）递归地使用下述 Construct(A) 例程构造的：
如果 A 为空，返回 null
否则，令 A[i] 作为 A 的最大元素。创建一个值为 A[i] 的根节点 root
root 的左子树将被构建为 Construct([A[0], A[1], ..., A[i-1]])
root 的右子树将被构建为 Construct([A[i+1], A[i+2], ..., A[A.length - 1]])
返回 root
请注意，我们没有直接给定 A，只有一个根节点 root = Construct(A).
假设 B 是 A 的副本，并在末尾附加值 val。题目数据保证 B 中的值是不同的。
返回 Construct(B)。
示例 :
示例 1：
输入：root = [4,1,3,null,null,2], val = 5
输出：[5,4,null,1,3,null,null,2]
解释：A = [1,4,2,3], B = [1,4,2,3,5]
示例 2：
输入：root = [5,2,4,null,1], val = 3
输出：[5,2,4,null,1,null,3]
解释：A = [2,1,5,4], B = [2,1,5,4,3]
示例 3：
输入：root = [5,2,3,null,1], val = 4
输出：[5,2,4,null,1,3]
解释：A = [2,1,5,3], B = [2,1,5,3,4]
提示:
1 <= B.length <= 100
思路:
递归
如果 root 为空或者 root 的值小于 val
需要新建一个结点 root 并使得 root.left = root, root.right = nullptr
否则递归找到 root.right 上适合插入的结点
时间复杂度为 O(n), 空间复杂度为 O(n)
代码:
C++:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
* TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
* };
*/
class Solution
{
public:
TreeNode* insertIntoMaxTree(TreeNode* root, int val)
{
if (!root or root -> val < val) root = new TreeNode(val, root, nullptr);
else root -> right = insertIntoMaxTree(root -> right, val);
return root;
}
};
Java:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public TreeNode insertIntoMaxTree(TreeNode root, int val) {
if (root == null) return new TreeNode(val);
if (root.val < val) {
TreeNode p = new TreeNode(val);
p.left = root;
return p;
} else {
root.right = insertIntoMaxTree(root.right, val);
}
return root;
}
}
Python:
# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
# def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
# self.val = val
# self.left = left
# self.right = right
class Solution:
def insertIntoMaxTree(self, root: Optional[TreeNode], val: int) -> Optional[TreeNode]:
if not root or root.val < val:
root = TreeNode(val, root, None)
else:
root.right = self.insertIntoMaxTree(root.right, val)
return root
