参考自《Unity Shader入门简要》

原理梳理

1. 存储上一帧渲染效果的成像矩阵和当前帧成像逆矩阵
2. 通过深度值获得当前NDC坐标
3. 通过NDC坐标和当前帧逆矩阵获得顶点世界坐标
4. 顶点世界坐标与上一帧成像矩阵获取上一帧NDC坐标，求取同一顶点在两帧内NDC距离的差值
5. 根据距离计算叠加上一帧uv和像素值
6. 片元返回叠加后采样效果，即该帧显示两帧效果，实现运动模糊

实现效果

C#代码

void OnEnable()
{
    //设置相机属性，生成深度纹理
    camera.Main.depthTextureMode = DepthTextureMode.Depth;
}
/*
OnRenderImage为MonoBehaviour内模板函数，类似与Awake等
通过该方法获取屏幕成像前的RenderTexture
该方法时后期屏幕效果处理的基础
*/
 void OnRenderImage(RenderTexture src, RenderTexture dest)
    {
        if (material != null)
        {
            material.SetFloat("_BlurSize", blurSize);
            material.SetMatrix("_PreviousViewProjectionMatrix", previousViewProjectionMatrix);
            //通过透视投影矩阵*VP矩阵获取成像矩阵，运用VP矩阵原因是因为在shader中我们将通过世界坐标运算
            Matrix4x4 currentViewProjectionMatrix = camera_.projectionMatrix * camera_.worldToCameraMatrix;
            //通过成像逆矩阵和深度获取顶点世界坐标
            Matrix4x4 currentViewProjectionInverseMatrix = currentViewProjectionMatrix.inverse;
            material.SetMatrix("_CurrentViewProjectionInverseMatrix", currentViewProjectionInverseMatrix);
            previousViewProjectionMatrix = currentViewProjectionMatrix;
            //将material应用到RenderTexture实现效果
            Graphics.Blit(src, dest, material);
        }
        else
        {
            Graphics.Blit(src, dest);
        }
    }

Shader 代码

Shader "Youcai/Chapter13/MotionBlurDepth"
{
    Properties
    {
        _MainTex("Base (RGB)", 2D) = "white"{}
        _BlurSize("BlurSize", float) = 0.5
    }
    SubShader
    {
        CGINCLUDE
#include "UnityCG.cginc"
        sampler2D _MainTex;
        //获取_MainTex贴图纹素值
        half4 _MainTex_TexelSize;
        //深度纹理，设置对应的相机属性在Shader内直接定义即可
        sampler2D _CameraDepthTexture;
        float4x4 _CurrentViewProjectionInverseMatrix;
        float4x4 _PreviousViewProjectionMatrix;
        half _BlurSize;

        struct v2f
        {
            float4 pos: SV_POSITION;
            half2 uv: TEXCOORD0;
            half2 uv_depth: TEXCOORD1;
        };

        v2f vert(appdata_img v)
        {
            v2f o;
            o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
            o.uv = v.texcoord;
            o.uv_depth = v.texcoord;
//处理平台差异存在的图像翻转问题
#if UNITY_UV_STARTS_AT_TOP
            o.uv_depth.y = 1 - o.uv_depth.y;
#endif
            return o;
        }

        fixed4 frag(v2f i) :SV_Target
        {
            //获取深度值
            float d = SAMPLE_DEPTH_TEXTURE(_CameraDepthTexture, i.uv_depth);
            //通过深度纹理获取NDC坐标
            float4 H = float4(i.uv.x * 2 - 1, i.uv.y * 2 - 1, d * 2 - 1, 1);
            //通过NDC坐标和成像逆矩阵获取世界坐标
            float4 D = mul(_CurrentViewProjectionInverseMatrix, H);
            float4 worldPos = D / D.w;
            float4 currentPos = H;
            //通过上一帧成像矩阵和世界坐标获取上一帧NDC坐标
            float4 previousPos = mul(_PreviousViewProjectionMatrix, worldPos);
            previousPos /= previousPos.w;
            //叠加两帧uv和像素值
            float2 velocity = (currentPos.xy - previousPos.xy);
            float2 uv = i.uv;
            float4 c = tex2D(_MainTex, uv);
            uv += velocity * _BlurSize;
            c += tex2D(_MainTex, uv);
            //平分像素值
            c /= 2;
            return fixed4(c.rgb, 1.0);
        }
        ENDCG

        Pass
        {
        ZTest Always Cull Off Zwrite Off
            CGPROGRAM
#pragma vertex vert
#pragma fragment frag
            ENDCG
        }
    }
    Fallback Off
}