BIO编程

Blocking IO： 同步阻塞的编程方式。
BIO 编程方式通常是在JDK1.4 版本之前常用的编程方式。编程实现过程为：首先在服务
端启动一个ServerSocket 来监听网络请求，客户端启动Socket 发起网络请求，默认情况下
ServerSocket 回建立一个线程来处理此请求，如果服务端没有线程可用，客户端则会阻塞等
待或遭到拒绝。
且建立好的连接，在通讯过程中，是同步的。在并发处理效率上比较低。大致结构如下：

BIO结构图

同步并阻塞，服务器实现模式为一个连接一个线程，即客户端有连接请求时服务器端就
需要启动一个线程进行处理，如果这个连接不做任何事情会造成不必要的线程开销，当然可
以通过线程池机制改善。

BIO 方式适用于连接数目比较小且固定的架构，这种方式对服务器资源要求比较高，并发局限于应用中，JDK1.4以前的唯一选择，但程序直观简单易理解。
使用线程池机制改善后的BIO模型图如下:

应用线程池后的BIO

package com.bjsxt.socket.bio.threadpool;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String host = null;
        int port = 0;
        if(args.length > 2){
            host = args[0];
            port = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);
        }else{
            host = "127.0.0.1";
            port = 9999;
        }
        
        Socket socket = null;
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        PrintWriter writer = null;
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        try{
            socket = new Socket(host, port);
            String message = null;
            
            reader = new BufferedReader(
                    new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
            writer = new PrintWriter(
                    socket.getOutputStream(), true);
            while(true){
                message = s.nextLine();
                if(message.equals("exit")){
                    break;
                }
                writer.println(message);
                writer.flush();
                System.out.println(reader.readLine());
            }
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            if(socket != null){
                try {
                    socket.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            socket = null;
            if(reader != null){
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            reader = null;
            if(writer != null){
                writer.close();
            }
            writer = null;
        }
    }
}

package com.bjsxt.socket.bio.threadpool;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class Server {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int port = genPort(args);
        
        ServerSocket server = null;
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(50);
        
        try{
            server = new ServerSocket(port);
            System.out.println("server started!");
            while(true){
                Socket socket = server.accept();
                
                service.execute(new Handler(socket));
            }
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            if(server != null){
                try {
                    server.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            server = null;
        }
    }
    
    static class Handler implements Runnable{
        Socket socket = null;
        public Handler(Socket socket){
            this.socket = socket;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            BufferedReader reader = null;
            PrintWriter writer = null;
            try{
                
                reader = new BufferedReader(
                        new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
                writer = new PrintWriter(
                        new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), "UTF-8"));
                String readMessage = null;
                while(true){
                    System.out.println("server reading... ");
                    if((readMessage = reader.readLine()) == null){
                        break;
                    }
                    System.out.println(readMessage);
                    writer.println("server recive : " + readMessage);
                    writer.flush();
                }
            }catch(Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally{
                if(socket != null){
                    try {
                        socket.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                socket = null;
                if(reader != null){
                    try {
                        reader.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                reader = null;
                if(writer != null){
                    writer.close();
                }
                writer = null;
            }
        }
        
    }
    
    private static int genPort(String[] args){
        if(args.length > 0){
            try{
                return Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
            }catch(NumberFormatException e){
                return 9999;
            }
        }else{
            return 9999;
        }
    }
    
}