window表示一个窗口,他是一个抽象类,具体实现是PhoneWindow;
window的创建通过windowManger接口来完成,windowManger是外界访问window的入口,Window的具体实现位于WindowMangerService中,WindowManager与WindowManagerService的交互式一个IPC过程;
Android中的所有视图都是通过Window来呈现的,不管是Activity、Dialog或是Toast他们的视图都是附加在Window上的;
Window是分层的,每个Window都有对应的 z-ordered,
WindowManager.LayoutParams的flags和type##
flags类型
Flags参数表示Window的属性,可以控制Window的显示特性;
- FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE: 表示window不需要获取焦点;
- FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL:
- 其他;
Type参数
Type参数表示window的类型,Window有三种类型,分别是应用Window、子Window和系统Window;应用类Window对应着一个Activity;子Window不能单独存在,需要依附,如:Dialog,就是子Window;系统级如:Toast,系统状态栏等;
WindowManager操作View的方法##
public interface ViewManager {
// 添加View
public void addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params);
// 更新View
public void updateViewLayout(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params);
// 移除View
public void removeView(View view);
}
Window的内部机制##
Window是个抽象的概念,每个window对应着一个View和ViewRootImpl, Window和View通过ViewRootImpl来建立联系;
Window是View的形式存在的;
Window的添加过程
Window的添加过程通过WindowManger的addView来实现;
WindowManager是一个接口,它的实现是WindowManagerImpl类,WindowManagerImpl对应Window的三大操作如下:
@Override
public void addView(@NonNull View view, @NonNull ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) {
applyDefaultToken(params);
mGlobal.addView(view, params, mDisplay, mParentWindow);
}
@Override
public void updateViewLayout(@NonNull View view, @NonNull ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) {
applyDefaultToken(params);
mGlobal.updateViewLayout(view, params);
}
@Override
public void removeView(View view) {
mGlobal.removeView(view, false);
}
可以发现 操作 交给了 WindowMangerGlobal;其在调用addView方法时,会先进行一系列判断,然后创建ViewRootImpl并将View添加到列表中;
WindowManagerGlobal
几个重要的成员变量列表:
// mViews存储的是所有Window对应的View
private final ArrayList<View> mViews = new ArrayList<View>();
// mRoots存储所有Window所对应的ViewRootImpl
private final ArrayList<ViewRootImpl> mRoots = new ArrayList<ViewRootImpl>();
// mParamas 存储所有Window所对应的布局参数
private final ArrayList<WindowManager.LayoutParams> mParams =
new ArrayList<WindowManager.LayoutParams>();
// 正在被删除的Window对象
private final ArraySet<View> mDyingViews = new ArraySet<View>();
addView代码片段:
root = new ViewRootImpl(view.getContext(), display);
view.setLayoutParams(wparams);
mViews.add(view);
mRoots.add(root);
mParams.add(wparams);
}
// do this last because it fires off messages to start doing things
try {
// 通过ViewRootImpl 的setView 来完成
root.setView(view, wparams, panelParentView);
在 setView方法中,会调用 requestLayout() 方法,走到 scheduleTraversals 中, 执行 pokeDrawLockIfNeeded()方法
try {
mWindowSession.pokeDrawLock(mWindow);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
// System server died, oh well.
}
通过mWindowSession来完成Window的添加过程,IWindowSession是个Binder对象,实际上Window的添加过程是一个IPC调用;
public static IWindowSession getWindowSession() {
synchronized (WindowManagerGlobal.class) {
if (sWindowSession == null) {
try {
InputMethodManager imm = InputMethodManager.getInstance();
IWindowManager windowManager = getWindowManagerService();
sWindowSession = windowManager.openSession(
new IWindowSessionCallback.Stub() {
@Override
public void onAnimatorScaleChanged(float scale) {
ValueAnimator.setDurationScale(scale);
}
},
imm.getClient(), imm.getInputContext());
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Failed to open window session", e);
}
}
return sWindowSession;
}
}
Session调用WindowManagerService来实现Window的添加;
Window的创建过程
View是Android中的视图呈现,View不能单独存在,必须依附在Window上;比如:Activity;
Activity的Window创建过程
在Activity的attach方法中,系统会创建Activity所属的Window对象,并为其设置回调接口,所以当window收到外界的状态改变时,就会回调Activity中的方法,如:onAttachedToWindow、dispatchTouchEvent等;
在调用Activity.setContentView方法时,实际上交给了window来处理:
public void setContentView(View view) {
getWindow().setContentView(view);
initWindowDecorActionBar();
}
PhoneWindow 的 setContentView方法如下:
@Override
public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
// 没有DecorView,就创建
if (mContentParent == null) {
installDecor();
} else if (!hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {
mContentParent.removeAllViews();
}
if (hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {
final Scene newScene = Scene.getSceneForLayout(mContentParent, layoutResID,
getContext());
transitionTo(newScene);
} else {
mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResID, mContentParent);
}
mContentParent.requestApplyInsets();
final Callback cb = getCallback();
if (cb != null && !isDestroyed()) {
cb.onContentChanged();
}
}
installDecor会调用generateLayout来加载具体的布局文件到DecorView中:
View in = mLayoutInflater.inflate(layoutResource, null);
decor.addView(in, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT));
mContentRoot = (ViewGroup) in;
ViewGroup contentParent = (ViewGroup)findViewById(ID_ANDROID_CONTENT);
if (contentParent == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Window couldn't find content container view");
}
以上这就是 setContentView的过程;
然后回调onContentChang()通知activity视图发生变化;
这个时候 DecorView已经创建完毕,activity的布局文件也添加到了 DecorView的mContentParent中,但 DecorView并还没有被WindowManager正式添加到Window中,此时还无法接受外界的事件;
在ActivityThread中的handleResumeActivity方法中,首先会调用Activity的onResume方法,接着调用 makeVisible,这样 DecorView才真正完成了添加和显示过程;这个时候,Activity才可见;
void makeVisible() {
if (!mWindowAdded) {
ViewManager wm = getWindowManager();
wm.addView(mDecor, getWindow().getAttributes());
mWindowAdded = true;
}
mDecor.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
Dialog的Window创建过程
实际上Dialog中的window也是PhoneWindow,创建过程与Activity Window类似;
Dialog(@NonNull Context context, @StyleRes int themeResId, boolean createContextThemeWrapper) {
if (createContextThemeWrapper) {
if (themeResId == 0) {
final TypedValue outValue = new TypedValue();
context.getTheme().resolveAttribute(R.attr.dialogTheme, outValue, true);
themeResId = outValue.resourceId;
}
mContext = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);
} else {
mContext = context;
}
mWindowManager = (WindowManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
final Window w = new PhoneWindow(mContext);
mWindow = w;
w.setCallback(this);
w.setOnWindowDismissedCallback(this);
w.setWindowManager(mWindowManager, null, null);
w.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
mListenersHandler = new ListenersHandler(this);
}
然后show方法中,会通过WindowManger将DecorView添加到Window中,
try {
mWindowManager.addView(mDecor, l);
mShowing = true;
sendShowMessage();
} finally {
}