Argument 理由
We need to present a stronger argument tosupport our proposal.
我们需要提出更有力的理由来支持我们的提议。
Basis 根据
The theory is built on the basis ofextensive research.
这一理论建立在大量研究的根据之上。
Case 理由/论据
In his closing statement, the lawyer emphasizedthe key case for innocence.
在结案陈词中，律师强调了无罪的关键论据。
Cause 起因
Investigators are still trying to determinethe cause of the accident.
调查人员仍在努力确定事故的起因。
Excuse 理由
He used a traffic jam as an excuse forbeing late.
他以堵车为理由解释迟到。
Make excuse 找借口
Stop making excuses and take responsibilityfor your actions.
别再找借口了，为自己的行为负责。
Grounds 原因
The company was fined on the grounds ofviolating environmental regulations.
该公司因违反环保法规被罚款。
On the grounds of...（基于...理由）
The application was rejected on the groundsof insufficient experience.
申请因经验不足被拒绝。
Justification 正当理由
There’s no justification for treatingothers unfairly.
不公平对待他人没有任何正当理由。
Motive 动机
The detective is trying to figure out thekiller’s motive.
侦探正试图找出凶手的动机。
Motivation 动机
Her motivation to study comes from a desireto pursue her dream career.
她学习的动机源于对理想职业的追求。
Pretext 借口/托辞
He called in sick as a pretext to skip themeeting.
他以生病为借口逃避会议。
Reason 原因
The main reason I moved to the city is forbetter job opportunities.
我搬到城市的主要原因是为了更好的工作机会。
Root 根本原因
Poverty is often the root cause of manysocial issues.
贫困往往是许多社会问题的根本原因。
Source 根源/起因
The source of the conflict lies in amisunderstanding between the two groups.
冲突的根源在于两个群体之间的误解。
Spark 诱因
The protest was the spark that led towidespread reforms.
这场抗议是引发全面改革的诱因。
How come 为什么（口语）
How come you didn’t tell me about the partyearlier?
你怎么不早点告诉我有派对？
Why 为什么
Why did you decide to change yourmajor?
你为什么决定换专业？
On account of 因为
The flight was delayed on account of badweather.
航班因天气恶劣延误。
As 因为
As it’s raining, we’ll have to stayindoors.
因为下雨，我们得待在室内。
As a result of 由于
As a result of the new policy, sales haveincreased significantly.
由于新政策，销售额大幅增长。
Because 因为
I stayed up late because I had to finish myreport.
我熬夜是因为必须完成报告。
Because of 因为
The event was canceled because of thestorm.
活动因暴风雨取消。
Due to 由于
The project was postponed due to a shortageof materials.
项目因材料短缺推迟。
For 因为
She must be ill, for she didn’t come towork today.
她肯定病了，因为今天没来上班。
Out of 因为
He acted out of concern for his friend’ssafety.
他出于对朋友安全的担心采取了行动。
For the sake of …为…的缘故
I’ll help you, just for the sake of ourfriendship.
我会帮你，就为了我们的友谊。
Thanks to 多亏/都怪…
Thanks to your advice, I passed theexam.
多亏你的建议，我通过了考试。
In that case 既然如此
“It’s going torain.” “In that case, we should bring an umbrella.”
“要下雨了。”“既然如此，我们该带把伞。”
Just in case 以防万一
I’ll pack an extra jacket just in case itgets colder.
我多带件外套，以防万一变冷。
Now (that) …既然
“Now thatyou’re here, let’s start the meeting.”
“既然你来了，我们开始开会吧。”
Since 既然
“Since you’renot interested, we can talk about something else.”
“既然你不感兴趣，我们可以聊点别的。”
Account for 解释…的原因
Can you account for your absenceyesterday?
你能解释一下昨天缺席的原因吗？
Attribute sth to …把某事归因于…
Scientists attribute the rise intemperatures to climate change.
科学家将气温上升归因于气候变化。
Put sth down to …把某事归因于…
She put her success down to hard work andluck.
她把自己的成功归因于努力和运气。
