区别
1.NotificationCenter 通知中心:“一对多”,在APP中,很多控制器都需要知道一个事件,应该用通知;
2.delegate 代理委托:
1,“一对一”,对同一个协议,一个对象只能设置一个代理delegate,所以单例对象就不能用代理;
2,代理更注重过程信息的传输:比如发起一个网络请求,可能想要知道此时请求是否已经开始、是否收到了数据、数据是否已经接受完成、数据接收失败
3.block(闭包)
block和delegate一样,一般都是“一对一”之间通信交互,相比代理block有以下特点
1:写法更简练,不需要写protocol、函数等等
2,block注重结果的传输:比如对于一个事件,只想知道成功或者失败,并不需要知道进行了多少或者额外的一些信息
3,block需要注意防止循环引用
用法
1.NotificationCenter 通知中心
消息通知机制顾名思义,在IOS开发中它就是通过消息,来达到通知的目的。我们需要在通知中心注册我们想要监听的消息,当项目中有地方发出这个消息的时候,通知中心会发送给注册这个消息的对象
a. addObserver
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[superviewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
[[NSNotificationCenterdefaultCenter]addObserver:selfselector:@selector(getMessageContent:)name:@"Notification_Send_Message"object:nil];
}
b.postNotification
- (void)sendTheMessage:(NSMutableDictionary*)m_dic{
// [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"Notification_Send_Message" object:m_dic];
[[NSNotificationCenterdefaultCenter]postNotificationName:@"Notification_Send_Message"object:m_dicuserInfo:nil];
}
c.处理消息
- (void)getMessageContent:(NSNotification*)notifi{
NSMutableArray*m_array = (NSMutableArray*)notifi.object;
NSLog(@"++++++%@++++++", m_array);
//........
}
d.removeObserver
- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated{
[[NSNotificationCenterdefaultCenter]removeObserver:selfname:@"Notification_Send_Message"object:nil];
}
2.delegate 委托
委托其实是一种设计模式,通俗一点来讲就是当自己有需求要处理但是不方便的时候,就建立一个委托,请别人来帮忙处理。举个例子:“我要给路人甲打电话,但是我不知道李斯的电话号码;我就拜托章三去查询,章三查到后就发短信给了我号码”,章三就是我的委托对象。相信大家在ios开发中经常会看到类似
@protocol(协议)的代码吧!如果我们要实现一个delegate委托,就先要先定义protocol(协议),在指定收到回调的类中(也就是我)去实现协议中的函数(例如收短信),如果没有实现,编译器就会报警告;下面是一个简单的例子,SecondviewController会回调FirstViewController,FirstViewController实现协议中的回调函数:
协议:ViewSelectedDelegate
#ifndef ViewSelectedDelegate_h
#define ViewSelectedDelegate_h
@protocolViewSelectedDelegate
- (void)viewSelectedAtIndex:(int)index;
@end
#endif /* ViewSelectedDelegate_h */
FirstViewController:
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[superviewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib.
self.secondView= [[SecondViewControlleralloc]initWithNibName:@"SecondViewController"bundle:nil];
self.secondView.m_delegate=self;
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
[superdidReceiveMemoryWarning];
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
- (void)viewSelectedAtIndex:(int)index{
NSLog(@"select view at index %d", index);
}
SecondViewController:
@interfaceSecondViewController : UIViewController
@property(strong,nonatomic)id m_delegate;
- (IBAction)clickTheBtn:(id)sender;
@implementationSecondViewController
@synthesizem_delegate = _m_delegate;
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[superviewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib.
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
[superdidReceiveMemoryWarning];
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
- (IBAction)clickTheBtn:(id)sender {
[self.m_delegateviewSelectedAtIndex:1];
}
3.block(闭包)
Block是一种比较特殊的数据类型,它可以用于两个界面质检传值,也可以对代码封装作为参数传递。block常常结合typedef来使用,用自己定义的类型去创建block显得更加的简单便捷,接下来举例实现一个block回调,将传入的参数加上另一个值后再回调回来:
SecondViewController的实现:
#import
//自定义一个block
typedefvoid(^changeValueBlock)(intvalue);
@interfaceSecondViewController : UIViewController
@property(strong,nonatomic) changeValueBlock changeBlock;
@property(assign)intoldValue;
- (void)updateTheValue:(int) oldValueBlock:(changeValueBlock)block;
- (IBAction)clickTheBtn:(id)sender;
@end
FirstviewController的实现:
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[superviewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib.
self.secondView= [[SecondViewControlleralloc]initWithNibName:@"SecondViewController"bundle:nil];
[self.secondViewupdateTheValue:10Block:^(intvalue) {
//回调
NSLog(@"received the new value:%d", value);
}];
}