艾伦·格林斯潘，这位曾多次以美联储主席身份访华、并始终以数据驱动视角看待美中贸易关系的传奇人物，于6月22日去世，享年100岁。他执掌美联储近19年，见证了美国历史上最长的经济扩张期，也因2008年金融危机而备受争议。他曾在国会听证会上直言“加征关税是变相征税”，警告贸易保护主义将损害美国民众生活水平。
Alan Greenspan, who made several visits to China as chairman of the United States Federal Reserve and consistently brought a data-driven perspective to US-China trade relations, died on Monday at the age of 100.
艾伦·格林斯潘，曾多次以美国联邦储备委员会主席身份访华，并始终以数据驱动的视角看待美中贸易关系，于周一去世，享年100岁。
"Alan passed away at our home this morning at the age of 100 from complications of Parkinson's disease," his wife of 29 years Andrea Mitchell said in a statement.
"艾伦今天上午在我们家中因帕金森病并发症去世，享年100岁，"与他结婚29年的妻子安德烈娅·米切尔在一份声明中说。
"He was a giant of a man who helped shape the US economy for decades under presidents of both parties, but was always honest in acknowledging his mistakes," Mitchell said.
"他是一个伟人，在数十年间帮助塑造了美国经济，任职于两党多位总统治下，但始终诚实地承认自己的错误，"米切尔说。
Greenspan's nearly 19 years at the helm of the Fed, from 1987 until his retirement at the start of 2006, were marked by a stock market boom and low unemployment.
格林斯潘执掌美联储近19年，从1987年直至2006年初退休，这段时期以股市繁荣和低失业率为标志。
He presided over a sustained era of US growth and prosperity, yet one that ended with devastating consequences in 2008, two years after he had left the central bank, US media reported on Monday.
他主持了一段美国持续增长与繁荣的时期，但这段时期在2008年以毁灭性的后果告终——那是在他离开央行两年之后，美国媒体周一报道称。
Working under four presidents and alongside seven Treasury secretaries, Greenspan was seen as the "maestro" who kept the economy humming, Bloomberg commented.
在四位总统和七位财政部长任内工作，格林斯潘被视为让经济保持活力的"大师"，彭博社评论道。
As Fed chief, Greenspan first visited China in October 1994, during which he noted the progress the country had made in economic development.
作为美联储主席，格林斯潘于1994年10月首次访华，期间他注意到了中国在经济发展方面取得的进展。
"Shifting from a centrally planned economy that has been in place for many years to a market economy is a complex and difficult process, and China has already achieved tremendous results through a variety of workable methods," Greenspan said, according to a transcript of his talks posted on the Brookings Institution's website.
"从实行多年的中央计划经济转向市场经济是一个复杂而艰难的过程，而中国已经通过多种可行的方法取得了巨大的成果，"格林斯潘说，据布鲁金斯学会网站上公布的他会谈记录显示。
In his subsequent visit to Beijing in 1997, Greenspan talked with Chinese officials on banking and finance, according to Chinese media reports.
在随后于1997年访问北京期间，格林斯潘与中方官员就银行和金融问题进行了交流，据中国媒体报道。
Born on March 6, 1926, in the Washington Heights neighborhood of New York, Greenspan showed mathematical acumen from a young age.
格林斯潘于1926年3月6日出生于纽约华盛顿高地社区，自幼就展现出数学才能。
He seemed to approach US-China trade relations with a perspective rigorously grounded in mathematics.
他似乎以严格基于数学的视角来对待美中贸易关系。
Rather than yielding to the sentiment of the moment, he frequently pushed back against politically popular but economically flawed narratives that circulated throughout Washington regarding the complex economic ties between the two countries.
他不屈从于一时情绪，而是经常反驳华盛顿流传的那些在政治上受欢迎但在经济上存在缺陷的关于两国复杂经济关系的说法。
For example, during testimony before the Senate Finance Committee on June 23, 2005, Greenspan systematically dismantled the prevailing argument that forcing China to revalue its currency would bring manufacturing back to the US.
例如，在2005年6月23日向参议院财政委员会作证时，格林斯潘系统地驳斥了当时流行的说法，即迫使中国人民币升值将把制造业带回美国。
"Some observers mistakenly believe that a marked increase in the exchange value of the Chinese renminbi relative to the US dollar would significantly increase manufacturing activity and jobs in the United States," he testified.
"一些观察人士错误地认为，人民币兑美元汇率的大幅升值将显著增加美国的制造业活动和就业岗位，"他在证词中说。
"I am aware of no credible evidence that supports such a conclusion."
"我不知道有任何可信的证据支持这一结论。"
He carried this same pragmatic skepticism into discussions regarding trade barriers, explicitly warning against the illusion of tariffs.
他将同样务实的怀疑态度带入了关于贸易壁垒的讨论中，明确警告不要抱有加征关税的幻想。
"More generally, any significant elevation of tariffs that substantially reduces our overall imports, by keeping out competitively priced goods, would materially lower our standard of living," he told lawmakers, in remarks that still resonate today as tariffs have been increasingly employed as a tool in trade relations.
"更广泛地说，任何大幅提高关税的行为，如果通过阻挡有竞争力的价格商品进入而大幅减少我们的整体进口，都将实质性降低我们的生活水平，"他告诉议员们，这番话在今天仍引发共鸣，因为关税越来越多地被用作贸易关系的工具。
"A return to protectionism would threaten the continuation of much of the extraordinary growth in living standards worldwide, but especially in the United States," he added.
"回归保护主义将威胁到全球生活水平非凡增长的延续，尤其是在美国，"他补充道。
Greenspan cautioned lawmakers that punitive trade measures would not achieve the political promise of saving domestic industries, saying that "few, if any, American jobs would be protected".
格林斯潘告诫议员们，惩罚性贸易措施不会兑现拯救国内产业的政治承诺，他说"很少有美国工作岗位会被保护，如果有的话"。
"A policy to dismantle the global trading system in a misguided effort to protect jobs from competition would redound to the eventual detriment of all US job-seekers, as well as of millions of American consumers."
"以保护就业免受竞争为名、行 dismantle 全球贸易体系之实的错误政策，最终将损害所有美国求职者以及数百万美国消费者的利益。"
Even after his retirement, Greenspan continued to comment on the escalating economic tensions between Washington and Beijing.
即使在退休后，格林斯潘仍继续就华盛顿与北京之间不断升级的经济紧张局势发表评论。
Responding to a question about China at a New York University event in 2018 during US President Donald Trump's first term, Greenspan said the tariff policies were "insane".
在2018年美国总统唐纳德·特朗普第一个任期内，格林斯潘在纽约大学的一场活动上回答关于中国的问题时表示，关税政策是"疯狂的"。
"It's an excise tax, and people think of tariffs other than what it is," he was quoted by US media as saying.
"这是一种消费税，人们对关税的认知偏离了它的本质，"他被美国媒体援引说。
"It's a tax, and everybody engaged in warfare of this type, it would mean that you're withdrawing credit or purchasing power from a whole series of countries."
"这是一种税，而所有参与这种战争的国家，都意味着你在从一系列国家撤回信贷或购买力。"