Mybatis
1、简介
什么是 MyBatis-Spring?
MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架,它支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。MyBatis 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集。MyBatis 可以使用简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原生信息,将接口和 Java 的 POJOs(Plain Ordinary Java Object,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。
2、第一个Mybatis程序
搭建环境--.>导入Mybatis--》编写代码--》测试
2.1、搭建环境
搭建数据库
CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;
USE `mybatis`;
CREATE TABLE `user`(
`id` INT(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `user` (`id`,`name`,`pwd`)VALUES
(1,'张三','123456'),
(2,'李四','123456'),
(3,'王五','154656')
新建项目
新建一个普通的Maven项目
删除src目录
-
导入Maven依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.29</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
2.2、创建一个模块
- 编写Mybatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration核心配置文件-->
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
</configuration>
- 编写Mybatis工具类
public class MybatisUtils {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static {
try {
//1、获取Mybatis第一步,获取sqlSessionFactory对象
String resource ="mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//获得SqlSession的实例
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
}
}
2.3、编写代码
- 实体类
//实体类
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
'}';
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public User() {
}
}
- Dao接口
public interface UserMapper {
List<User> getUserList();
}
-
接口实现类由原来的UserDaoImpl转变为一个Mapper配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <!--namespace=绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口--> <mapper namespace="com.deng.dao.UserDao"> <!--select查询语句--> <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.deng.pojo.User"> select * from mybatis.user </select> </mapper>
2.4、测试
-
junit测试
public class UserDaoTest { @Test public void test(){ //第一步:获得SqlSession对象 SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); //方式一:执行SQL UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class); List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList(); for (User user : userList) { System.out.println(user); } sqlSession.close(); } }
3、CRUD
1、namespace
namespace中的包名要和Dao/mapper接口的包名一致
2、select
选择查询语句
- id:就是对应的namespace中的方法名
- resultType:Sql语句执行的返回值
- parameterType:参数类型
-
编写接口
//根据ID查询用户 User getUserById(int id);
-
编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<select id="getUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.deng.pojo.User"> select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id} </select>
-
测试
@Test public void getUserById(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class); User user = mapper.getUserById(1); System.out.println(user); sqlSession.close(); }
3、insert
-
编写接口
int addUser(User user);
-
编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.deng.pojo.User"> insert into mybatis.user(id , name , pwd)values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd}); </insert>
- 测试
@Test
public void addUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int res = mapper.addUser(new User(4, "阿达", "123456"));
if (res>0){
System.out.println("插入成功");
}
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
4、update
-
编写接口
int updateUser(User user);
-
编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.deng.pojo.User"> update mybatis.user set name=#{name},pwd=#{pwd} where id =#{id}; </update>
-
测试
@Test public void updateUser(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class); mapper.updateUser(new User(4, "回答", "4565666")); sqlSession.commit(); sqlSession.close(); }
5、delete
-
编写接口
int deleteUser(int id);
-
编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int"> delete from mybatis.user where id=#{id}; </delete>
-
测试
@Test public void deleteUser(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class); mapper.deleteUser(4); sqlSession.commit(); sqlSession.close(); }
6、使用Map操作数据库
在实体类或者数据库中的表,字段或者参数过多时,,可以考虑使用M ap
-
编写接口
int addUser2(Map<String,Object>map);
-
编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<insert id="addUser2" parameterType="map"> insert into mybatis.user(id , name , pwd)values (#{userid},#{username},#{password}); </insert>
-
测试
@Test public void addUser2(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class); HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("userid",5); map.put("username","鼠标"); map.put("password","1223545"); mapper.addUser2(map); sqlSession.commit(); sqlSession.close(); }
Map传递参数,直接在sql中取出key即可
对象传递参数,直接在sql中取出对象的属性即可
只有一个基本类型参数的情况下,可以直接在sql中取到
多个参数用Map或者注解
7、模糊查询
-
编写接口
List<User> getUserLike(String value);
-
编写对应的mapper中的sql语句
<select id="getUserLike" resultType="com.deng.pojo.User"> select * from mybatis.user where name like #{value} </select>
-
测试
@Test public void getUserLike(){ SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession(); UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class); List<User> userLike = mapper.getUserLike("%张%"); for (User user : userLike) { System.out.println(user); } sqlSession.close(); }