Screen Shot 2018-06-11 at 15.28.10.png
I. Reading 阅读
Jeff had a terrible day. He missed the train to work. Moreover, he had to wait a long time for the next train. As a matter of fact, he waited for two hours. To make matters worse, he left his briefcase on the train. As a result, he had to go to the police station. Poor Jeff never got to work that day. What a nightmare!
杰夫过了很糟的一天。他上班没赶上火车。而且，他得久候下一班火车的到来。事实上，他等了两个小时。更糟的是，他把手提箱留在火车上了。结果，他得到警察局走一趟。可怜的杰夫那一天根本上不了斑。真是恶梦一场啊！
II. Vocabulary&Idioms 单词短语注解
- terrible ['tɛrəbl] a. 糟糕的，可怕的
例: That was a terrible movie.
(那真是一部遭透了的电影。) - miss [mɪs] vt. 错过
例: Why did you miss the meeting today?
(你为什么错过今天的会议呢?) - moreover [mɔr'ovɚ] adv. 此外，尤有甚者
例: Mike is very kind. Moreover, he is honest.
(迈克为人很好。而且，他还很诚实。) - wait [wet] vi. 等候
wait for + 人或事物 等候某人或某事物
例: I am still waiting for my girlfriend to write to me.
(我还在等我女友写信给我。) - as a matter of fact 事实上(使用时置于句首，之后置逗号)
=in fact
例: That car is not cheap. As a matter of fact, it's very expensive.
(那辆车不便宜，事实上，它很昂贵。) - to make matters worse,... 更糟的是，......
worse [wɜrs] a. 更坏的（bad的比较级）
例: It was raining. To make matters worse, I forgot to bring my umbrella.
(下雨了。更糟的是，我忘了带伞。) - left [lɛft] vt.将······留在······(leave的过去式)
例: I left my umbrella on the bus.
(我把雨伞留在公共汽车上了。) - briefcase ['brifkes] n.手提箱，公事皮包
- police station [pə'lis ˈsteɪʃən] n. 警察局
- nightmare ['naɪt'mɛr] n.恶梦(本文中指"可怕的经验")
例: City traffic is a real nightmare.
(市区的交通真像是一场恶梦。)
III. Grammar Points 语法重点
本课介绍不定式短语作副词的用法及感叹句的用法。
- He missed the train to work.
(他上班没赶上火车。)
本句中的to work是介词短语，作形容词用，修饰之前的名词the train。to是介词，表示"通往"之意。work则为名词，作to之宾语，原指"工作",此处笼统指"上班"之意。其他有关work的常用短语尚有:
a. go to work 上班
例: He goes to work at 8:00 a.m. every morning.
(他每天早上八点上班。)
b. after work 下班后
例: What do you usually do after work?
(下班后你通常做什么?) - To make matters worse, he left his briefcase on the train.
(更糟的是，他把手提箱留在火车上了。)
to make matters worse为不定式短语。这种短语由to之后接动词原形所成，此处的to是虚词，而非介词。这种不定式短语通常置于自首，之后置逗号，有副词的功能，修饰全句。类似的短语尚有
to tell (you) the truth 老实（对你）说
to be frank (with you) 坦白（跟你）说
例：A: Did you like the movie?
B: To tell the truth, I fell asleep in the middle of it.
(甲：你喜欢这部电影吗?)
(乙：老实说,我看到一半时就睡着了。)
A: Do you like Picasso's paintings?
B: To be frank, I don't know who Picasso is.
(甲：你喜欢毕加索的画吗?)
(乙：坦白说，我不知道谁是毕加索。) - What a nightmare!
= What a nightmare it was!
(真是恶梦一场啊!)
原句句尾省略了主语it及动词was；it是代词，指的是杰夫一天里种种倒霉遭遇。
本句属what引导的感叹句。英文中的感叹句有两种，一由how引导，一由what引导，均置于句首。这种感叹句多译成“多么地”、“眞地”。感叹旬均由陈述句(即“主语+动词······”的句子结构)转变而成，形成的方式如下
a. 以how引导的感叹句
由于how是副词，可修饰形容词、副词或动词，
因此：
- 陈述句有形容词，之后又无名词时，该形容词移至how之后即告完成。
陈述句：He is nice(a.).
(他人很好。)
感叹句：How nice he is!
(他多好啊!) - 陈述句有副词时，该副词移至how之后即告完成。
陈述句 : He worked hard.
(他工作努力。)
感叹句 : How hard he worked!
(他工作多努力啊!) - how亦可修饰陈述句中的动词，此时将how置于原陈述句句首即告完成。
陈述句：I love that picture.
(我喜欢那张画。)
感叹句： How I love that picture!
(我多喜欢那张画啊!)
b. 以what引导的感叹句
此时what是形容词，之后须接名词或含有形容词修饰的名词，因此
1)陈述句有名词时，该名词移至what之后及告完成。
陈述句：It was a nightmare(n.).
(那是一个恶梦。)
感叹句: What a nightmare it was!
(真是恶梦一场啊!)
陈述句: They are nice(a.) boys(n.).
(他们是好孩子。)
感叹句：How nice boys they are! ( X )
What nice boys they are! ( O )
(他们真是好孩子!)
陈述句：He did a stupid thing.
(他做了件蠢事。)
感叹句: What a stupid thing he did!
(他做了多蠢的一件事!) - what引导的感叹句中，what之后接名词，再接“主语+be动词”时，主语及be动词可省略。
例: What a nightmare it(主语) was(be动词)!
→What a nightmare!
(真是噩梦一场啊！)
What a nice boys they(主语) are(be动词)!
→What nice boys!
(多好的孩子们啊！)
IV. Subsitution 替换
- He had to wait a long time, as a matter of fact, he waited for two hours.
We had to work a long time. As a matter of fact, we worked all night.
I had to study a long time. As a matter of fact, I studied all day.
(他必须等很久。事实上，他等了两个小时。)
(我们必须工作很久。事实上，我们一整晚都在工作。)
(我必须念很久的书。事实上，我一整天都在念书。) - What a nightmare!
What a terrible day that was!
What a noisy child she is!
What a stupid thing to say!
(真是恶梦一场啊！)
(真是可怕的一天啊！)
(那女孩好吵哦！)
(说那样的话真蠢！)
