1.数据库管理
1.查询所有数据库
mysql>show databases;
2.创建一个数据库
(1)mysql>create database day15;
(2) mysql>creat database day15
>default character set utf8; //指定默认字符集创建数据库;
3.查看数据库默认字符集
mysql>show create database day15;
4.删除数据库
mysql>drop create database day15;
5.修改数据库(通常修改字符集)
mysql>alter database day15 default character set abk;
2.表的管理
1.查看所有表
mysql>use day15
>show tables
2.创建表
mysql>create table student(sid int,sname varchar(20), sage int)
3.查看表结构
mysql >desc student;
4.删除表
mysql> drop table student;
5.修改表
(1)增加字段 alter table student add [column] gender archer(2);
(2)删除字段 alter table student drop [column] gender;
(3)修改字段类型 alter table student modify [column] sid archer(2);
(4)修改字段名字 alter table student change [column] sid id int;
(5)修改表名称 alter table student rname teacher;
3.数据管理(增删改查)
1.插入
(1) INSERT INTO student VALUES(1,‘张三’,‘男’,20);
(2) INSERT INTO student (id,name) VALUES(2,‘李四’);
2.修改
(1)修改所有 update student SET gender='男';
(2)修改特定 update student SET gender='男' WHERE id=1;
3.删除数据
DELECT id FROM student WHERE 条件;
4.查询数据(重点)
(1)查询所有列
SELECT *FROM student
(2)查询指定列
SELECT id,name FROM student
(3)查询时指定别名(多表查询时经常使用)
SELECT id AS '编号',name AS ‘姓名’FROM student
(4)查询时添加常量列
SELECT id ,name, gender,age, ‘java就业班’AS'年级' FROM student;
(5)查询时合并列
SELECT id,name ,(jsp+servlet) AS '总成绩' FROM student;
(6)查询时去除重复纪录(DISTINCT)
SELECT DINSTINCT gender FROM student ;
(7)条件查询
1.逻辑条件 and(与)or(或)
select * from 表 where 条件1 and /or 条件2;
2.比较条件>,<,>=,<=<>,between and
select * from 表 where servlet>=90;
3.判空条件
判空: null, is not null
判空字符串:=‘’ , <>''
4.模糊条件
%:替换任意字符
_:替换一个字符
(8)聚合查询(使用聚合函数查询)
SUM(), AVG(), MAX(), MIN(), COUNT()
-- COUNT()函数统计的数量不包括null的数据
(9)分页查询 limit 起始行,查询行数
起始行从0开始
(10)查询排序
order by 字段 asc/desc
(11)分组查询 group by
select gender,count(*) from student group by gender;
(12)分组查询后筛选
select gender , count(*) from student where group by gender having count(*)>2;
分组之后筛选用having,分组之前筛选用where