UNIT 13 No smoking

第十三课 禁止吸烟

本课重点：学习一些提建议、提供帮助和请求别人帮助时的用语。

A. Texts & Notes

1. May I put it here?

起飞前，旅客上飞机，找到座位，放下手提行李……
Air Hostess: Is this your bag, sir?
Francis: Yes, it is.
Air Hostess: You can't put it there, sir.
Francis: May I put it here?
Air Hostess: I'm afraid not.
Francis: May I put it here?
Air Hostess: Yes, of course.
Passenger: Can I smoking here?
Francis: Yes, I think so.
Air Hostess: Please don't smoke, sir. You can't smoke now. I'm afraid. Look at the sign.
Passenger: Sorry. I don't understand.
Air Hostess: You can't smoke now. Look at the sign. It says 'No smoking'.
Passenger: I'm sorry. I'm very sorry. ( To Francis ) May I?

女乘务员：这是您的包吗，先生？
弗朗西斯：是的。
女乘务员：您不能把包放在那上面，先生。
弗朗西斯：可以放在这儿吗？
女乘务员：不行。
弗朗西斯：可以放在这儿吗？
女乘务员：可以，我想可以。
旅客：我可以在这里吸烟吗？
弗朗西斯：可以，我想可以。
女乘务员：请别吸烟，先生。现在您不能吸烟。瞧这信号。
旅客：对不起，我不明白。
女乘务员：您现在不能吸烟。看这信号，上面写着“请勿吸烟”。
旅客：抱歉，我十分抱歉。（对弗朗西斯）可以吗？

注1. air hostess 是民航飞机上的女乘务员。空勤女乘务员也可称作 stewardess /ˌstjuːəˈdes/ 。
汪2. No smoking 是告示用语，意为：禁止吸烟。又如：No parking. （不准停车。）No entry. （不得入内。）
注3. 请求对方允许说：May I? 也可以说：can I? 但用 may 更正式一些，也更婉转一些。如：May I put it here? 否定对方的请求时，不说 May not，而说 You can't put it here. 更客气一点可以说：I'm afraid you can't. 或者简单地说：I'm afaid not. 如果同意对方的请求，就说：Yes, of course. 或者：Yes, certainly. *
注4. up here 这上面。在 here 或 there 前面加上一个副词以进一步表示方向。如：Can I put it up here? （能放在这上面吗？）Can I put it down there? （他放在下面吗？）Please put it over there.（请放到那边去。）

2. May I have a glass of gin and tonic, please?

安琪拉来到酒吧。
Angela: Waiter.
Waiter: Yes, madam.
Angela: May I have a glass of white wine, please?
Waiter: Certainly, madam. Here you are, madam.
Angela: Thank you. A drink for you, Mary?
Mary: Yes, please. May I have a glass of white wine too, please?
Angela: Yes, of course. Waiter, would you get me another glass of white wine, please?
Waiter: Another glass of white wine. Certainly.

安琪拉：服务员。
服务员：嗳，太太。
安琪拉：请给我一杯白葡萄酒，好吗？
服务员：当然可以，太太。您的酒，太太。
安琪拉：谢谢，给你也来一杯吗，玛丽？
玛丽：好的。我也来一杯白葡萄酒，好吗？
安琪拉：当然好啊。服务员，请给我再来一杯白葡萄酒。
服务员：再来一杯白葡萄酒。行。

注5. 买东西或在饭店点酒菜时，可以用下列两种客气的说法：
May I have a glass of white wine?
Would you get me a gin and tonic, please?
酒本是不可数名词，a white wine 表示一份白葡萄酒，another white wine 则表示再来一份酒（另一份酒）。
gin and tonic 是加矿泉水的杜松子酒。
注6. too 意思是也，用于肯定句，常放在句尾。如：
I want a glass of white wine, too. （我也要一份白葡萄酒。）
Shall I get you a beer, too. （也给你来一份啤酒吗？）
I like it very much, too. （我也很喜欢它。）
注7. to get 的基本意思是“得到”，“拿到”，“取得”等。如：
Would you get a taxe for me, please? （请给我叫一辆出租汽车。）
get 常要求有两个宾语，一个指人，说明拿给谁，叫做间接宾语；一个指物，说明拿什么东西，叫做直接宾语。英语中此种动词还有一些，如 give 等。例：
I'll get you （间接宾语）another drink（直接宾语）.
Give me （间接宾语） a glass of wine（直接宾语）.

3. Let's go to a restaurant.

玛丽和鲍勃在酒吧，已经喝了不少酒了。……
Mary: What shall we do the evening?
Bob: I don't know.
Mary: Let's go to the cinema.
Bob: No, not this evening. Les't stay here.
Mary: No. Let's go to a restaurant. Shall we go to an Italian restaurant?
Bob: Which one?
Mary: Franco's. I like Franco's.
Bob: I don't like Franco's. I'm afraid. And don't like Italian food very much. I prefer Chinese food.
Mary: All right. Let's go to Chinese restaurant. Is there one near here?
Bob: I don't think so.
Mary: All right. Shall we have another drink?
Bob: Yes. Let's have another drink.

玛丽：今天晚上我们干什么？
鲍勃：我不知道。
玛丽：我们去看电影吧。
鲍勃：不，今晚上不去。咱们就呆在这儿吧。
玛丽：不。咱们去饭馆吧。咱们到一家意大利饭馆去，好吗？
鲍勃：哪一家？
玛丽：弗朗科饭馆。我喜欢这家。
鲍勃：我不喜欢弗朗科饭馆。而且我也不太喜欢吃意大利饭。我爱吃中国饭。
玛丽：那好。咱们去中国馆子吧。附近有吗？
鲍勃：我想没有。
玛丽：好吧。咱们再喝一杯好吗？
鲍勃：好。咱们再喝一杯吧。

注8. 提建议的时候这么说：Let‘ …（Let's = Let us）。如：Let's to the radio. （咱们听收音机吧。）Let's go home.（我们回家吧。）
注9. not 也可以不和动词一起用，这种情况常常出现在省略句中，通常是答话。如：Shall we go to this evening? No, not this evenong.
注10. Franco's = Franco's restaurant，饭馆、理发店等店家的名称可以用这样的省略称呼。如：Smith's（史密斯的店铺）。

B. Exercise

1. 电视节目中有这么一段：在公园里，一个姑娘和一个颓废派年轻人受到了公园管理人员的批评，请说出：公园管理人员不让姑娘干什么？他说不让那个颓废人点火的理由是什么？请仔细听，然后对照下面这俩对话。请多听几编，注意那公园管理人员那生气 的语调。
   Park-keeper: Please don't sit there. Look at the sign.
   Girl: I'm afraid I'don't understand.
   Park-keeper: Look at the sign. It say "Please keep off the grass." You can't sit on the grass. But you can sit on the here.
   Girl: Sorry.
   Park-keeper: Hey! Don't do that! You can't do that in the park. It's dangerous.
   Hippie: Sorry.

2. 在录音中有这一段对话，夫妇两人在商量是去看电影还是在家看电视，听详细后请回答：他们商量的结果是什么？丈夫希望妻子穿什么颜色的服装出去？完成下列对话，然后找个学友一起练习对话。
   Wife: Shall I ?
   Husband: No, thinks. Would ?
   Wife: Oh, yes, of course. Just a moment. tonight?
   Husband: No. and watch television.
   Wife: We always watch television.
   Husband: Oh, all right. We'll go to the cinema. But don't wear your dress.
   Wife: Shall ?
   Husband: Yes, I like your dress.
   Wife: Here is your cup of tea.

3. 学学练练。先学习：
   (1) 请求允许：May ( Can ) I put my suitcase here?
   (2) 要求：Would ( Will ) you follow me, please?
   (3) 提供帮助：Shall ( Can ) I get you a drink?
   (4) 建议：Shall we go to the cinema? Let's go to the cinema.
   然后用 may，can，would，will 或 shall 填空：
   (1) you put your suitcase there, please?
   (2) we listen to the radio?
   (3) I sit here, please?
   (4) you come in, please?
   (5) I bring you the bill, sir?
   (6) you get me another gin and tonic, please?
   (7) we go home?
   (8) I smoke here?

4. 注意 get 后面的 me 和 you 。
   要求：
   Would you get me another drink?
   Would you give me your address?
   提供帮助：
   Shall I get you another drink?
   Can I give you my adresse?
   遇到下列情况，你该怎么说：
   (1) 你在餐厅或洒吧想吃要账单付款。就说：Would you bring me the bill, please?
   (2) 你想要一只干净的杯子。就说：Would you get me a clean cup, please?
   (3) 你要帮助某人拿到胡椒。就说：Can I get you the pepper?
   (4) 你想要一辆出租汽车。就说：Will you get me a taxi, please?
   (5) 你想给某人递一个三明治。就说：Shall I get you a sandwich?
   (6) 你想知道某人的地址。就说：Would you give me your address, please?
   (7) 你还要一杯水。就说：Would you get me another glass of water, please?

May I sit here? May I smoke? May I take one?

6. 中译英：
   甲：要不要再给你一杯咖啡？A. Shall I get you another cup of coffee?
   乙：好啊。B. Yes, please.
   甲：你喜欢黑咖啡还是白咖啡？A. Black or white, which do you prefer?
   乙：白的。B. White, please.
   甲：那位穿棕色衣服的是谁？A. Who's that man in the brown suit?
   乙：他是我的朋友，吉姆。B. He's my friend - Jim.
   甲：我们到他那儿去吧。A. Let's go over him.

C. Summary

1. 说法与用法

(1) 请求允许：May I? 或 May I …？
(2) 同意允许：Yes, sertainly. 或 Yes, of course.
(3) 拒绝，不同意：No, I'm afraid not.
(4) 买东西或点酒菜：Would you get to …, please? 或 May I have … ，please?
(5) 建议：Let's go to the cinema. 或 Shall we have another drink?
(6) 客气地拒绝建议： Not today. 或 No, let's not.

2. 语法

(1) 两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的动词：
Will you get me a drink?
Would you bring me a drink?
Shall I give you a drink?
Can I pass you a drink?

I'm afraid not.
May I put it here?
Can I put it here?
I don't understand.
Certainly.
Another gin and tonic.
May I have a gin and tonic, too?

D. Words & Expressions

附1：Follow me （欧洲版教材）

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附2. UNIT 13 NO SMOKING