1、修改主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-admin
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-node1
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-node2
hostnamectl set-hostname ceph-node3
2、修改hosts :vi /etc/hosts
192.168.86.128 ceph-admin
192.168.86.129 ceph-node1
192.168.86.130 ceph-node2
192.168.86.131 ceph-node3
3、关闭防火墙
4、安装ntp
yum install ntp ntpdate ntp-doc -y
service ntpd start
5、更改Yum源
yum clean all
mkdir /mnt/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /mnt/bak/
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/ceph.repo
[ceph]
name=ceph
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
priority =1
[ceph-noarch]
name=cephnoarch
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/noarch/
gpgcheck=0
priority =1
[ceph-source]
name=Ceph source packages
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ceph/rpm-jewel/el7/SRPMS
gpgcheck=0
priority=1
6、创建用户
useradd -d /home/cephuser -m cephuser
echo "cephuser"|passwd --stdin cephuser
echo "cephuser ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/cephuser
chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/cephuser
sed -i s'/Defaults requiretty/#Defaults requiretty'/g /etc/sudoers
chmod 777 /dev/null
su - cephuser
ssh-keygen -t rsa

分别

ssh-copy-id cephuser@192.168.86.128
ssh-copy-id cephuser@192.168.86.129
ssh-copy-id cephuser@192.168.86.130
ssh-copy-id cephuser@192.168.86.131
7、格式化磁盘
sudo parted -s /dev/vdb mklabel gpt mkpart primary xfs 0% 100%
sudo mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb -f
//查看磁盘格式; sudo blkid -o value -s TYPE /dev/sdb
8、在ceph-admin上安装
sudo yum update -y && sudo yum install ceph-deploy -y
mkdir cluster
cd cluster
ceph-deploy new ceph-admin
vi /home/cephuser/cluster/ceph.conf
[global]
fsid = b01095b8-d958-406f-b0fb-308ba5ab64e3
mon_initial_members = ceph-admin
mon_host = 192.168.86.128
auth_cluster_required = cephx
auth_service_required = cephx
auth_client_required = cephx
public network = 192.168.86.128/24
osd pool default size = 3
9、开始安装：ceph-deploy install ceph-admin ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3
10、cd /home/cephuser/cluster
ceph-deploy mon create-initial
ceph-deploy gatherkeys ceph-admin
11、查看节点可用磁盘：ceph-deploy disk list ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3
删除磁盘上所有分区： ceph-deploy disk zap ceph-node1:/dev/sdb ceph-node2:/dev/sdb ceph-node3:/dev/sdb
准备OSD：ceph-deploy osd prepare ceph-node1:/dev/sdb ceph-node2:/dev/sdb ceph-node3:/dev/sdb
激活OSD： ceph-deploy osd activate ceph-node1:/dev/sdb1 ceph-node2:/dev/sdb1 ceph-node3:/dev/sdb1
12、拷贝密钥： ceph-deploy admin ceph-admin ceph-node1 ceph-node2 ceph-node3
sudo chmod 644 /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring

以cephFS方式访问
先查看管理节点状态，默认是没有管理节点的。
[cephuser@ceph-admin ~]$ ceph mds stat
e1:

创建管理节点（ceph-admin作为管理节点）。
需要注意：如果不创建mds管理节点，client客户端将不能正常挂载到ceph集群！！
[cephuser@ceph-admin ~] cd cluster/
[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ ceph-deploy mds create ceph-admin

再次查看管理节点状态，发现已经在启动中
[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ ceph mds stat
e2:, 1 up:standby

[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster] ps -ef|grep cluster|grep ceph-mds
ceph 29093 1 0 12:46 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/ceph-mds -f --cluster ceph --id ceph-admin --setuser ceph --setgroup ceph

创建pool，pool是ceph存储数据时的逻辑分区,它起到namespace的作用
[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ ceph osd lspools #先查看pool
0 rbd,

新创建的ceph集群只有rdb一个pool。这时需要创建一个新的pool
[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ ceph osd pool create cephfs_data 10 #后面的数字是PG的数量
pool 'cephfs_data' created

[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ ceph osd pool create cephfs_metadata 10 #创建pool的元数据
pool 'cephfs_metadata' created

[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ ceph fs new myceph cephfs_metadata cephfs_data
new fs with metadata pool 2 and data pool 1

再次查看pool状态
[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ ceph osd lspools
0 rbd,1 cephfs_data,2 cephfs_metadata,

检查mds管理节点状态
[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ ceph mds stat
e5: 1/1/1 up {0=ceph-admin=up:active}

查看ceph集群状态
[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ sudo ceph -s
cluster 33bfa421-8a3b-40fa-9f14-791efca9eb96
health HEALTH_OK
monmap e1: 1 mons at {ceph-admin=192.168.10.220:6789/0}
election epoch 3, quorum 0 ceph-admin
fsmap e5: 1/1/1 up {0=ceph-admin=up:active} #多了此行状态
osdmap e19: 3 osds: 3 up, 3 in
flags sortbitwise,require_jewel_osds
pgmap v48: 84 pgs, 3 pools, 2068 bytes data, 20 objects
101 MB used, 45945 MB / 46046 MB avail
84 active+clean

查看ceph集群端口
[cephuser@ceph-admin cluster]$ sudo lsof -i:6789
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
ceph-mon 28190 ceph 10u IPv4 70217 0t0 TCP ceph-admin:smc-https (LISTEN)
ceph-mon 28190 ceph 19u IPv4 70537 0t0 TCP ceph-admin:smc-https->ceph-node1:41308 (ESTABLISHED)
ceph-mon 28190 ceph 20u IPv4 70560 0t0 TCP ceph-admin:smc-https->ceph-node2:48516 (ESTABLISHED)
ceph-mon 28190 ceph 21u IPv4 70583 0t0 TCP ceph-admin:smc-https->ceph-node3:44948 (ESTABLISHED)
ceph-mon 28190 ceph 22u IPv4 72643 0t0 TCP ceph-admin:smc-https->ceph-admin:51474 (ESTABLISHED)
ceph-mds 29093 ceph 8u IPv4 72642 0t0 TCP ceph-admin:51474->ceph-admin:smc-https (ESTABLISHED)

安装ceph-fuse（这里的客户机是centos6系统）
[root@centos6-02 ~]# rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
[root@centos6-02 ~]# yum install -y ceph-fuse

创建挂载目录
[root@centos6-02 ~]# mkdir /cephfs

复制配置文件
将ceph配置文件ceph.conf从管理节点copy到client节点（192.168.10.220为管理节点）
[root@centos6-02 ~]# rsync -e "ssh -p22" -avpgolr root@192.168.10.220:/etc/ceph/ceph.conf /etc/ceph/
或者
[root@centos6-02 ~]# rsync -e "ssh -p22" -avpgolr root@192.168.10.220:/home/cephuser/cluster/ceph.conf /etc/ceph/ #两个路径下的文件内容一样

复制密钥
将ceph的ceph.client.admin.keyring从管理节点copy到client节点
[root@centos6-02 ~]# rsync -e "ssh -p22" -avpgolr root@192.168.10.220:/etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring /etc/ceph/
或者
[root@centos6-02 ~]# rsync -e "ssh -p22" -avpgolr root@192.168.10.220:/home/cephuser/cluster/ceph.client.admin.keyring /etc/ceph/

查看ceph授权
[root@centos6-02 ~]# ceph auth list
installed auth entries:

mds.ceph-admin
key: AQAZZxdbH6uAOBAABttpSmPt6BXNtTJwZDpSJg==
caps: [mds] allow
caps: [mon] allow profile mds
caps: [osd] allow rwx
osd.0
key: AQCuWBdbV3TlBBAA4xsAE4QsFQ6vAp+7pIFEHA==
caps: [mon] allow profile osd
caps: [osd] allow *
osd.1
key: AQC6WBdbakBaMxAAsUllVWdttlLzEI5VNd/41w==
caps: [mon] allow profile osd
caps: [osd] allow *
osd.2
key: AQDJWBdbz6zNNhAATwzL2FqPKNY1IvQDmzyOSg==
caps: [mon] allow profile osd
caps: [osd] allow *
client.admin
key: AQCNWBdbf1QxAhAAkryP+OFy6wGnKR8lfYDkUA==
caps: [mds] allow *
caps: [mon] allow *
caps: [osd] allow *
client.bootstrap-mds
key: AQCNWBdbnjLILhAAT1hKtLEzkCrhDuTLjdCJig==
caps: [mon] allow profile bootstrap-mds
client.bootstrap-mgr
key: AQCOWBdbmxEANBAAiTMJeyEuSverXAyOrwodMQ==
caps: [mon] allow profile bootstrap-mgr
client.bootstrap-osd
key: AQCNWBdbiO1bERAARLZaYdY58KLMi4oyKmug4Q==
caps: [mon] allow profile bootstrap-osd
client.bootstrap-rgw
key: AQCNWBdboBLXIBAAVTsD2TPJhVSRY2E9G7eLzQ==
caps: [mon] allow profile bootstrap-rgw

将ceph集群存储挂载到客户机的/cephfs目录下
[root@centos6-02 ~]# ceph-fuse -m 192.168.10.220:6789 /cephfs
2018-06-06 14:28:54.149796 7f8d5c256760 -1 init, newargv = 0x4273580 newargc=11
ceph-fuse[16107]: starting ceph client
ceph-fuse[16107]: starting fuse

[root@centos6-02 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_centos602-lv_root
50G 3.5G 44G 8% /
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/vda1 477M 41M 412M 9% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_centos602-lv_home
45G 52M 43G 1% /home
/dev/vdb1 20G 5.1G 15G 26% /data/osd1
ceph-fuse 45G 100M 45G 1% /cephfs

由上面可知，已经成功挂载了ceph存储，三个osd节点，每个节点有15G（在节点上通过"lsblk"命令可以查看ceph data分区大小）,一共45G！

取消ceph存储的挂载
[root@centos6-02 ~]# umount /cephfs

温馨提示：
当有一半以上的OSD节点挂掉后，远程客户端挂载的Ceph存储就会使用异常了，即暂停使用。比如本案例中有3个OSD节点，当其中一个OSD节点挂掉后（比如宕机），
客户端挂载的Ceph存储使用正常；但当有2个OSD节点挂掉后，客户端挂载的Ceph存储就不能正常使用了（表现为Ceph存储目录下的数据读写操作一直卡着状态），
当OSD节点恢复后，Ceph存储也会恢复正常使用。OSD节点宕机重新启动后，osd程序会自动起来（通过监控节点自动起来）