人物的运动有很多种，最简单的可以直接用transform.translate或者直接改变人物的Position，这种方法在2D游戏可能会有采用。
另外还可以用导航系统进行运动。但用得更多的是另外两种方式：Rigidbody和CharacterController。
CharacterController能很快做出人物的运动方案，但是相比Rigidbody，物理特性表现没有那么好，接口也相对少。
结合视角控制的内容，采用了第三人称固定视角，摇杆控制，并加入了一个小型事件分发系统。实现摇杆控制人物的移动，悬崖边界检测，地面检测，相机第三人称视角跟随。
其中移动模块代码如下：
using UnityEngine;
public class MoveMotor : MonoBehaviour
{
public Animator animator;
public Rigidbody selfRigidbody;//自身刚体组件
public float speed = 17f;//移动速度
public float rotSpeed = 17f;//旋转速度
public Transform[] groundPoints;//地面检测点
public LayerMask groundLayerMask = ~0;//地面LayerMask
public LayerMask wallLayerMask = ~0;//墙壁LayerMask
int mIsMoveAnimatorHash;//移动Animator变量哈希
private Camera mainCamera;
public bool IsMoving { get; private set; }
public Vector3 MoveDirection { get; private set; }
void Start()
{
mIsMoveAnimatorHash = Animator.StringToHash("IsMove");
EventManager.AddEvent<Vector2>(EventTypeList.EventTouchDir, InputDir);
mainCamera = Camera.main;
}
void InputDir(Vector2 v2)
{
horizontal = v2.x;
vertical = v2.y;
}
float horizontal;
float vertical;
void Update()
{
const float INPUT_EPS = 0.2f;
//horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");//横向轴的值
//vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");//纵向轴的值
var inputDirection = new Vector3(horizontal, 0f, vertical);//输入向量
var upAxis = -Physics.gravity.normalized;//up轴向
var moveDirection = CameraDirectionProcess(inputDirection, upAxis);//相机输入方向修正
MoveDirection = moveDirection;
if (inputDirection.magnitude > INPUT_EPS)//是否有输入方向
{
var raycastHit = default(RaycastHit);
var groundNormal = Vector3.zero;
var groundedFlag = GroundProcess(ref raycastHit, ref moveDirection, out groundNormal, upAxis);//地面检测
if (groundedFlag)
{
var cacheMoveDirection = moveDirection;
var wallFlag = WallProcess(ref raycastHit, ref moveDirection, groundNormal, upAxis);//墙壁检测
var cliffFlag = false;
if (!wallFlag)
cliffFlag = CliffProcess(ref raycastHit, ref moveDirection, groundNormal, upAxis);//悬崖检测
if (!cliffFlag)
selfRigidbody.velocity = moveDirection * speed * Time.fixedDeltaTime;//更新位置
UpdateGroundDetectPoints();//打乱地面检测点顺序
RotateProcess(cacheMoveDirection, upAxis);//更新旋转
}
animator.SetBool(mIsMoveAnimatorHash, true);//更新Animator变量
IsMoving = true;
}
else//没有移动
{
MoveDirection = Vector3.zero;
animator.SetBool(mIsMoveAnimatorHash, false);//更新Animator变量
IsMoving = false;
Debug.Log("没有输入方向");
}
}
Vector3 CameraDirectionProcess(Vector3 inputDirection, Vector3 upAxis)
{
mainCamera = Camera.main;
var quat = Quaternion.FromToRotation(mainCamera.transform.up, upAxis);//不同重力的up轴修正
var cameraForwardDirection = quat * mainCamera.transform.forward;//转换forward方向
var moveDirection = Quaternion.LookRotation(cameraForwardDirection, upAxis) * inputDirection.normalized;//转换输入向量方向
return moveDirection;
}
//检测目前是否着地
bool GroundProcess(ref RaycastHit raycastHit, ref Vector3 moveDirection, out Vector3 groundNormal, Vector3 upAxis)
{
const float GROUND_RAYCAST_LENGTH = 0.2f;//地面检测射线长度
var result = false;
for (int i = 0; i < groundPoints.Length; i++)
{
var tempRaycastHit = default(RaycastHit);
if (Physics.Raycast(new Ray(groundPoints[i].position, -upAxis), out tempRaycastHit, GROUND_RAYCAST_LENGTH, groundLayerMask))//投射地面射线
{
if (raycastHit.transform == null || Vector3.Distance(transform.position, tempRaycastHit.point) < Vector3.Distance(transform.position, raycastHit.point))
raycastHit = tempRaycastHit;//选取最近的地面点
result = true;
break;
}
}
groundNormal = raycastHit.normal;//返回地面法线
var upQuat = Quaternion.FromToRotation(upAxis, groundNormal);
moveDirection = upQuat * moveDirection;//根据地面法线修正移动位置
return result;
}
//检测是否墙壁
bool WallProcess(ref RaycastHit raycastHit, ref Vector3 moveDirection, Vector3 groundNormal, Vector3 upAxis)
{
const float HEIGHT = 1.2f;//玩家高度估算值
const float OBLIQUE_P0 = 0.3f, OBLIQUE_P1 = 0.6f;//斜方向射线偏移
const float RAYCAST_LEN = 0.37f;//射线长度
const float DOT_RANGE = 0.86f;//点乘范围约束
const float ANGLE_STEP = 30f;//检测角度间距
var result = false;
var ray = new Ray(transform.position + upAxis * HEIGHT, moveDirection);
for (float angle = -90f; angle <= 90f; angle += ANGLE_STEP)//180度内每隔一定角度进行射线检测
{
var quat = Quaternion.AngleAxis(angle, upAxis);//得到当前角度
ray = new Ray(transform.position, quat * moveDirection);
var p0 = ray.origin + ray.direction * OBLIQUE_P0;
var p1 = ray.origin + upAxis * HEIGHT + ray.direction * OBLIQUE_P1;
if (Physics.Linecast(p0, p1, out raycastHit, wallLayerMask))//是否碰到墙壁
{
var newRay = new Ray(Vector3.Project(raycastHit.point, upAxis) + Vector3.ProjectOnPlane(ray.origin, upAxis), ray.direction);
if (Physics.Raycast(newRay, out raycastHit, RAYCAST_LEN, wallLayerMask))//重新得到射线位置并投射
{
if (Vector3.Dot(moveDirection, -raycastHit.normal) < DOT_RANGE)//点乘约束
{
var cross = Vector3.Cross(raycastHit.normal, upAxis).normalized;
var cross2 = -cross;
if (Vector3.Dot(cross, moveDirection) > Vector3.Dot(cross2, moveDirection))//获得最接近方向
moveDirection = cross;
else
moveDirection = cross2;
break;//若已确定修正方向则跳出循环
}
}
result = true;//确定碰到了墙壁
}
}
return result;
}
//检测是否是悬崖
bool CliffProcess(ref RaycastHit raycastHit, ref Vector3 moveDirection, Vector3 groundNormal, Vector3 upAxis)
{
const float GROUND_RAYCAST_LENGTH = 0.4f;//地面检测射线长度
var result = false;
for (int i = 0; i < groundPoints.Length; i++)//遍历地面检测点
{
var relative = groundPoints[i].position - transform.position;//取相对位置
var quat = Quaternion.FromToRotation(upAxis, groundNormal);//映射到地面法线方向四元数
var newPoint = transform.position + moveDirection + quat * relative;
var ray = new Ray(newPoint, -upAxis);//取移动后的位置投射射线
if (!Physics.Raycast(ray, out raycastHit, GROUND_RAYCAST_LENGTH, groundLayerMask))//只要有一个未检测到地面则为悬崖
{
result = true;//返回true
break;
}
}
return result;
}
void RotateProcess(Vector3 moveDirection, Vector3 upAxis)
{
moveDirection = Vector3.ProjectOnPlane(moveDirection, upAxis);//投影到up平面上
var playerLookAtQuat = Quaternion.LookRotation(moveDirection, upAxis);//得到移动方向代表的旋转
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Lerp(transform.rotation, playerLookAtQuat, rotSpeed * Time.deltaTime);//更新插值
}
void UpdateGroundDetectPoints()
{
var groupPointsIndex_n = Random.Range(0, groundPoints.Length);//随机一个索引
var temp = groundPoints[groupPointsIndex_n];
groundPoints[groupPointsIndex_n] = groundPoints[groundPoints.Length - 1];
groundPoints[groundPoints.Length - 1] = temp;//交换地面检测点，防止每次顺序都一样。
}
}
